Noneho, wahisemo guha ibikoresho Aquarium hanyuma ubone amafi. Kimwe mu bintu byingenzi bigize urusobe rwibinyabuzima, aribwo buryo bwa Aquarium, nubutaka. Niba yatowe nabi, amazi azahita amenyana, kandi amafi na algae - umuzi. Mubikoresho byacu uzabona ibyifuzo bikenewe kugirango uhitemo ubwoko bwubutaka, kwitegura no kurambika, kimwe no kwitabwaho.
Ibisabwa byibanze
Reba ibisabwa byibanze bikaba bigomba gushyikirizwa ubutaka mbere yo kubigura.
- Igomba kuba ifite imiterere. Ibi birakenewe kugirango tuzenguruke umwuka hagati yubutaka, bityo bigatuma uburyo bwiza bwo kubaho bwa mikorobe. Iyi mikorobe irashobora gusubiramo ibisigazwa nimyanda. Muri iki gihe, gahunda ya putrid ntabwo ibaho, mikorondari yangiza ntabwo yatejwe imbere, kandi amazi akomeza kuba ndende.
- Inshyingo izaba nziza, ingano yibiri hagati ya mm 2 kugeza kuri 5. Niba ibice binini, noneho amafi azagora gukuramo ibiryo munsi yacyo. Ubutaka bugizwe nibice bito birashobora gutontoma, inzira yo kubora izatangira. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibi birashobora kuganisha ku rupfu rw'amafi n'ibimera.
- Ibice bigomba kuzunguruka, nta shitingi. Ku mpande zityaye birashobora kuvuka amafi. Mubyongeyeho, ibice-bifatika bifite ubushobozi bwo kwishingikiriza.
- Igice cya Subts kigomba kuba kimwe. Niba uvanze amabuye mato numucanga, ntabwo yirinda inzira nziza.
- Ibice byubutaka bigomba kuba biremereye Kugira ngo ibihingwa bibakomeza neza kandi byari byoroshye kuri siphon.
- Substrate ntigomba kumenya ibintu byose. , andika cyangwa ushireho ibitekerezo byose bya chimique muri aquarium.
- Ihitamo ryiza nuko ubutaka bugufasha kubungabunga ph ikenewe kandi yuzuzanya n'intungamubiri z'ibimera.
Ubwoko
Ubwoko bwose bwubutaka burashobora igabanijwemo amatsinda manini.
- Karemano. Inshyingo nkayo igizwe nibikoresho bisanzwe bitanyuze mubikorwa byose. Ibimera bivuyemo ntibishobora kwakira intungamubiri zose, birakenewe cyane. Niba disikuru nkuyu yashyize muri Aquarium amezi arenga atandatu, noneho Hasi ibaho imirire intungamubiri kandi ifumbire itagisabwa. Ubu bwoko bwubutaka burimo umucanga, amabuye, quarz, ibuye ryajanjaguwe na kaburimbo.
- Imashini. Iri tsinda ririmo gusimburana, rigizwe n'ibikoresho bya kamere, ariko, byatsinze amashanyarazi.
- Ibihimbano. Iyi substrate igabanijwemo amatsinda abiri. Iya mbere ikubiyemo ubutaka bwo gushushanya nubutaka. Itsinda rya kabiri ririmo ubutaka bwimirire. Ikoreshwa muri aquarium ya Buholandi, aho amafi adakorojwe, ariko gusa ibimera.
Reba rero ubwoko bwubutaka buzwi cyane.
- Umucanga. Hariho ubwoko bumwebumwe bwamafi aho igitekerezo cyiza ari umucanga. Muri yo, abatuye muri Aquarium bakora monks, bazanyerera ndetse na hamwe kugirango bakore umurimo wa sisitemu y'igifu. Kubihingwa, umucanga nabyo nibyiza kuko bituma imizi ifata neza. Umwanda wose, nk'amategeko, guma hejuru, niko byoroshye gusukura. Umucanga wa Aquarium arashobora kuba inyanja, uruzi, quarz, Argonite yera, umukara, muzima.
- Amabuye. Ni inzira isanzwe. Irashobora gukoreshwa kumabuye yo mu nyanja ugasanga ku nkombe z'umugezi. Ubwiza, umutekano. Urashobora guhitamo ingano yinshi bitewe nigishushanyo cya Aquarium.
- Ubutaka bufite intungamubiri. Amaduka y'amatungo yagurishijwe ubutaka bwihariye, ari uruvange rwa peat, ifumbire yubutare, bagiteri nibikoresho byiza. Cyane cyane iyi substrate nibyiza kubihingwa bya aquarium.
- Ubutaka bwirabura. Icyamamare cyane mubirori, kuko mumaso ye, amafi yamabara asa neza. Yakoresheje substrate kuva basalt, Granite, Shungite. Ariko, ubu butaka burashobora guha amazi igicucu kibi kibi. Ibidasanzwe ni kimwe cya kane, ntabwo cyera amazi. Byongeye kandi, ntidukwiye kwibagirwa kubyerekeye imiterere ya rukuruzi zubumbuzi bwakanzingisha nabi kumafi nibimera. Nubutaka butabogamye kandi busaba ifumbire yinyongera.
- Ubutaka bwera. Akenshi ni hemenyo cyangwa marble. Ituma amazi akomeye, adakwiriye ubwoko bwose bwamafi yose. Byongeye kandi, mugihe, kiboneye igishushanyo cyijimye cyangwa icyatsi kibisi, kidakongeraho aquarium yawe.
- Ahantu h'amabara. Ahanini bikozwe mubirahure na plastiki. Irashobora kuba ceramic. Ikora uruhare gusa, nta mitungo yingirakamaro yitwaje.
Bamwe mu batangiye aquarist bagerageza gukoresha isi nkubukwe. Ibi ntibishoboka gukora ibi. Bizatera inzira ziboze, amazi azanduye mikororuviya yangiza n'amafi yose n'ibimera byose bizapfa. Birakwiye ko duhabwa umwanya muburyo butandukanye bwagaragaye haruguru.
Gutondekanya ibyiza
Reba insimburangingo nyamukuru zishobora guhura cyane mububiko."Floraton"
Irindi zina ni primer yibanze kuri Aquarium. Ibice bifite imiterere ya shusho ya 1.5-1.7. Murakoze kubura inguni gityaye, ubutaka nkubu bukwiranye na aquarium aho amafi yo hasi atuye. Byongeye kandi, Uburyo bwa substrate butanga amazi meza, ntabwo yemerera kuganwa, bituma ibintu bibaho bya mikorobe iyo yongeye guhindura amafi imyanda. Iyi primer irashobora kwitwa Akayunguruzo. Ibara rye ryijimye rirahujwe neza na algae. Igiciro cya litiro 3,3 kiringaniye kuva 800 kugeza 1000.
JBL Manado.
Ikozwe muri ceratit - ibumba ryatwitse. Ibice bifite ubunini 0.5-2 mm. Inshyimburo nayo ntabwo ifite impande zityaye, umutekano kumafi nibimera. Ifite ubushobozi bwo guhitamo ifumbire yifumbire, kandi habuze ikibazo cyo kubisubiza. Imizi ya algae ikura neza mubutaka. Kuva substrate ikozwe mu ibumba, ni urumuri. Niba utuye ifi muri Aquarium - Abakunda gucukura hasi, ibimera bigomba gucomeka. Mubyongeyeho, biragoye gukora hepfo yubatswe hamwe na substrate nkaya, kubera ko bigenda. Byoroshye mu isuku. Ugereranije, igiciro kuri 5 kg hafi 850.
UdeCo, amabuye yera yera
Izina rivugira. Iyi ni uruzi rwera. Nibyiza ko amafi kuko afite inkomoko karemano. Ingano yaturutse kuri mm 3 kugeza kuri 5. Iyi substrate izigama ibara ryera niyo nyuma yigihe kinini. Yongera amazi meza, ariko niba amatungo yawe ari cichlide, bazabagirira akamaro. Intsinzi nkiyi ntabwo yaroroshye kwibasirwa nubuhanga. Impuzandengo yikigereranyo kuri 3.2 kg ni amafaranga 123.
Barbus "Kuvanga"
Ubu bwoko bwubutaka bukozwe muri marble. Intsinzi nkiyi irashobora kuba umweru, umukara kandi ifite amabara. Ingano y'ibice nayo iratandukanye. Igurishwa nka ntoya (2-5 mm) nibindi binini - kuva kuri 5 kugeza 10 mm. Ni muri urwo rwego, azasa neza hepfo ya aquarium ntoya na nini. Byongeye kandi, Ibara ryibara rigufasha gukora igishushanyo cyawe . Ariko, ibice birashobora kuzamura mugihe runaka. Iyi nkunga yongerera amazi kumutwe muto, ariko muri rusange umutekano kumafi nibimera. Igiciro kuri kg 1 ni amafaranga 65.
Imbaraga Umusenyi udasanzwe m
Ubu bwoko bwubutaka nibyiza kuri aquarium hamwe na algae nyinshi. Inshyingo nk'ayo igizwe n'uruvange rwa Peat, ibikoresho by'agateganyo, mikorobe y'ingirakamaro hamwe n'ifumbire mvaruganda. Ibice byubutaka nuburyo bukurikira - S, m, L. Guhitamo, ugomba kuva mubunini nimbitse ya aquarium. Hejuru yiyi sumbur, birakenewe gushira urwego rwubutaka nyamukuru. Kuri uwo munsi, iyo usinziriye substrate muri Aquarium, ntibishoboka gukemura amafi. Bashobora gupfa kubera induru ya aterogatoous. Bikwiye gutegereza mugihe hazahinduka amazi. Igiciro cya kg 6 cyubutaka nkubwo ni amafaranga 4000.
Kuvanga.
Iyi primer ni uruvange rwumucanga wa quarz, ibumba, peat, ifumbire yubutare. Ikoreshwa hamwe nubutaka nyamukuru kandi ikora nka sustrate. Bikwiranye nubwoko bwose bwamafi n'ibimera. Ariko, niba uhisemo gukoresha iyi substrate, birakenewe guhita bitera aquarium hamwe nibimera, bitabaye ibyo bagiteri bikubiye muri ubu butaka bizatera iterambere ryihuse rya algae. Bamwe mu bakunzi ba aquallet batekereza ko iyi substrate ishobora rimwe na rimwe gukoreshwa. Igiciro cya KG 4.8 ni amafaranga agera kuri 1600.
Indege ya Udeco korali.
Ikozwe mubyatsi bya korali. Ingano y'ibice ni mm 11-30 mm. Irashoboye kongera gukomera kw'amazi, niko bikwiye kuri cichlid. Urengagiza neza bushobora kuba umutako wa aquarium. Impuzandengo yikigereranyo kuri 6 kg ni amafaranga 650.
"Ubutaka bw'ibidukikije"
Ibikoresho fatizo bikora marble crumb. Urashobora kubona iyi substrate yamabara nubunini butandukanye. Uruhare nyamukuru muri aquarium ni icamaswa. Byoroheje gato urwego rwamazi. Igiciro cya 3.5 kg ni amafaranga 170.
Nigute wahitamo?
Mugihe uhitamo ubutaka kuri aquarium yayo, birakenewe kuva mubipimo bikurikira.Kureba amafi nubunini
Ntoya amafi, ubutaka buto kuko bukwiye. Ariko, ntugomba kwibagirwa kubintu biranga amafi yisi. Niba ufite amatungo nkaya, birakwiye kugura ubutaka bunini, bitabaye ibyo bizaganisha ku rupfu rwabantu. Niba amafi yawe akunda gushyingurwa muri substrate, ni byiza guhitamo umucanga. Ibara rya gamut yubutaka ntabwo ari ngombwa, ariko, amafi menshi asa neza kumurongo wijimye. Uwatsindiye hamwe nigihe arashobora guhindura ibara ku mutuku cyangwa icyatsi.
Guhitamo ikirahure cyamazi mabi, gishushanyije cyangwa gishushanya, gerageza ntukarenze kugirango utazarangara amafi.
Amoko y'ibimera
Kuri bo, ubutaka bugomba kuba intungamubiri, kimwe na sisitemu yumuzi igomba gufatwa. Ibimera byinshi birakwiriye kubice bito cyangwa bito. Ubutaka bwinkomoko karemano burakomeye.
Nigute ushobora kubara amafaranga akwiye?
Igice cya substrate ntigomba kuba cyoroshye cyane, bitabaye ibyo bizahagarika gukora uruhare rwayo. Ikintu cyiza ni umubyimba uva kuri cm 2 kugeza 10. Niba ufite Aquarium nta bimera cyangwa ibimera, nta mizi isabwa, noneho bizaba bihagije cm 2. Niba ibimera byawe bifite imizi mito, noneho bakeneye cm 3-5 yubutaka. Iyo ukura ibimera binini bifite sisitemu nini yumuzi, birashobora gukenerwa na cm 5 kugeza 10 ya substrate.
Kugirango ubare mu kilo, urashobora gukoresha formula idasanzwe m = 1000p * n * v: c,
- aho m ni misa y'ubutaka;
- p - Ubucucike bwihariye;
- V - Igitabo;
- n nuburebure bwubutaka;
- C nuburebure bwa Aquarium.
Iyi ni formula yisi yose, igufasha kumenya ibiro bingahe byubutaka haba muri aquarium ntoya, kurugero, umubare wa litiro 20 no muri santium ya litiro 100 ndetse na litiro 200.
Imbonerahamwe yihariye irashobora kuboneka kuri enterineti. Ariko, niba utinya kwibeshye, urashobora gukoresha Kubara kumurongo kugirango ubare ingano yubutaka muri Aquarium.
Imyiteguro
Noneho, wahisemo ubutaka, ubaze amafaranga asabwa araguhana. Mbere yo kugwa mu ntsinzi kuri Aquarium, igomba kwitegura.
Gutegura bigizwe nibyiciro byinshi.
- . Koza ubutaka bukurikira indobo ya plastike ahantu hato kugeza amazi ahindutse mu mucyo. Niba uhisemo kuzigama umwanya, tangira koza ubutaka bwose ako kanya, noneho urabigiranaga nabi.
- Kwanduza. Umaze gukaraba n'ubutaka, bigomba kwanduzwa, kugirango tutashyiramo livre na bagiteri zangiza muri Aquarium yabo. Kwanduza bikorwa no guteka. Guteka muminota 15, hanyuma kwozwa n'amazi ashyushye. Nyuma yibyo, ubutaka bubarwa mumatako muminota 30 ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 100. Niba ubutaka ari plastiki, ntibishobora guhura nubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Kwoza n'amazi, hanyuma uganduzwa mu gisubizo cya chlorine 10%. Ubutaka bumaze guhagarara amasaha 2 muri chlorine igisubizo, yogejwe kugirango ikureho impumuro yihariye. Ubutaka burimo umubare munini wa marble, karubone ishyirwa mumasahani hamwe na metero 30% Ubu buryo bugufasha kurekura substrate ya magnesium na calcium.
Nigute washyira?
Kugirango ushire ubutaka, nibyiza gukoresha spatula. Irashobora kugurwa mububiko, kandi urashobora kwikorera mu icupa rya plastike. Ubutaka bushyirwa muri aquarium idafite amazi. Turagira ipfunwe, dufite amasuka hafi bishoboka kugeza munsi ya aquarium, bitabaye ibyo urashobora kwangiza inkuta.
Ubunini bwurukuta rwambere bigomba kuba munsi yurwo inyuma. Mubisanzwe, ubutaka bwashyizwe imbere ya cm 2, kandi kunyuranye na cm 8.
Kugirango ushishikarize ubutaka, gutanga imiterere, koresha icyuma.
Niba uteganya gutera Aquarium n'ibimera, bigomba kuba substrate intungamubiri. Ubunini bwacyo ntibukwiye kurenga cm 1. Nyuma yibyo, hashyizweho intoki.
Nigute wabitaho?
Niba primer yabitswe neza, noneho uyitayeho ntibizatera ibibazo. Bihagije nkuko bikenewe kugirango utange isuku. Gusimbuza burundu kubutaka buri myaka 5.
Byoroshye kandi byoroshye gusukura ubutaka na siphon. Birahagije kubafata munsi ya aquarium, kandi azakomeza imyanda yose. Hatariho siphon, gusukura hepfo birashoboka hamwe nubufasha bwa pompe yamashanyarazi.
Niba ushaka guhindura ubutaka utaguhuzaga amazi, hanyuma ubanza ukureho witonze ukureho ibihingwa. Noneho ukureho ubutaka bwa kera. Nyuma yibyo, urashobora gushyiramo igishya.
Abagura Aquarium bwa mbere akenshi bahura nikibazo - amazi icyatsi. Ibi birashobora kubaho kubera kumurika cyane, kugaburira amafi arenze. Itumanaho na Snail ubufasha kugirango uhangane nikibazo nkiki. Urashobora kandi gusaba Aquarim yijimye.
Nuburyo bwo guhitamo ubutaka bwa Aquarium, reba videwo ikurikira.