Munthu aliyense posachedwapa kapena atakumana ndi kufunika kosankha ntchito yoyenera. Katswiri amene ali ndi udindo woteteza komanso kubwezeretsa zipilala zachikhalidwe amatchedwa kuti wobwezeretsa.
Pezulia
Anthu oterewa adawonekera zaka zapakati. Popita nthawi, akatswiri kudera lomwe limaganiziridwa adayamba kusungitsa mawonekedwe oyamba achikhalidwe.
Malinga ndi kulongosola kwamakono kwa ntchitoyo, ntchito yayikulu yobwezeretsa ndikusungidwa, pambuyo pa nkhani yaluso idzabwezeretsedwa. Munthu wolongosolera ntchitoyo ayenera kuyeretsa ming'alu, tchipisi ndi kuwonongeka mtundu wina.
Pofuna kusunga chinthucho mawonekedwe ake oyamba, njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo mankhwala okwanira kuchipindacho zimatsimikizika, komwe mutu wa Art umasungidwa, mosamala kumasankhidwa. Asanayambe ntchito, wobwezeretsayo amayang'ana kaye mutuwo, kuwunika kwa boma, kumapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa kuwonongeka ndi zomwe akuyenera kugwira ntchito. Mapewa a katswiri pamakhala udindo waukulu, chifukwa amayenera kugwira ntchito ndi mabuku akale, zojambula zoimira zofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zina muyenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi olemba mbiri, funsani akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja ndi akatswiri azofufuza.
Wobwezeretsa Wosamalira ndi akatswiri omwe amasunga ndikubwezeretsa zinthu ndi zinthu zazikulu zachikhalidwe kapena mbiri yakale. Katswiri woterowo amadzipereka kwambiri pantchito yake, amamvetsera mwachidwi chifukwa cha kusungidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zikuimira phindu mu luso lokongoletsa, lachikhalidwe. Wobwezeretsa Wosamalira ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chachilendo (chiphunzitso cha zojambulajambula, chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yaukadaulo, ma chestry, biology) ndi luso lothandiza.
Udindo wake ndikuwunika momwe chinthucho chimakhalira, kufunafuna njira za sayansi kuti asunge umphumphu, kupewa kuwonongedwa kwa chinthucho ndikuchira. Kuti ntchito yanu ikhale bwino, katswiri amakumana ndi mbiri yakale komanso njira yopangira luso. Ikuyerekeza zifukwa zomwe zingathe kuwonongeka kwa mkhalidwewu, kuphatikiza:
- Kuchulukitsa chifukwa cha kuunika, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kapena chinyezi;
- Manyamulidwe;
- majeresite;
- kuwonongeka kwa mpweya.
Wobwezeretsayo ayenera kukonza zolakwika zomwe zimawonekera kwa nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera pa utoto pachithunzichi, kubwezeretsa mphika wazoic kapena wamba, kuchotsa varnish varnish. Katswiri ayenera kulembera njira ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira yobwezeretsanso ndi yofewa komanso yosintha. Pambuyo pake, wobwezeretsayo ayenera kupereka malingaliro abwino amtsogolo kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa zaluso.
Nthawi zina ndibwino kupanga cholembera cha chinthucho ndikuyika, osati choyambirira chifukwa chimafuna kupanga malo osungira.
Wobwezeretsayo ali ndi maupangiri angapo, osati osasamala. Pali njira zotsatirazi:
- Museum;
- nyumba;
- Wopereka.
Katswiri wosungiramo zinthu zakale sakhala ndi udindo wobwezeretsa zinthu zomwe apanga, koma kuti asungidwe munyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Awa ndi anthu omwe amakakamizidwa kuti awone ntchito zaluso nthawi zonse ndikuletsa chiwonongeko chawo. Mukuwongolera, nthambi zambiri:
- wopweteka;
- mbuye wamdziko;
- Kubwezeretsa zida za Chida;
- katswiri wa mabuku;
- Icon katswiri.
Kubwezeretsa zomangamanga kumayambitsa kubwezeretsa ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zomanga. Iyenera kuthetsa ming'alu ndi zolakwa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyambitsa kugwa. Gwiritsani ntchito ntchito yomwe ikugwirizana ndi nthawi yomwe ingachitike. Kubwezeretsanso Oyimira-Oyimira Nthawi zambiri samangobwezeretsa zinthu, komanso kumawonjezera zinthu zotayika. Tsoka ilo, ntchito ngati imeneyi nthawi zonse imabweretsa kuchepa kwa mtengo wa chinthucho.
Ubwino ndi Ntchito Yabwino
Maudindo obwezeretsawo amapangitsa kuti athe kugwira ntchito ndi mbiri yakale. Kubwezeretsanso kubwezeretsa ku Russia kumachitika chifukwa cha zipilala zazikulu zachikhalidwe ndi ntchito zaluso. Wapadera yemwe akuwunikiridwanso amathandizira munthu mwayi wopereka m'Zitage ndikufufuza cholowa. Nthawi zonse zimakhala udindo waukulu komanso ntchito zosangalatsa zomwe zimakhala patsogolo pa katswiri.
Ngati munthu ali ndi vuto lalikulu, nthawi zonse amatengedwa kupita ku ntchito yabwino paganyu kapena nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Ndikotheka kukulitsa ntchito yanu ndikugwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Komabe, iwo amene amalota kukwaniritsa zopanga, ntchitoyi siyigwira ntchito, chifukwa ayenera kunyalanyaza malingaliro awo ndikukonda kukhulupirira mbiri yakale.
Nthawi zambiri, nthumwi za ntchitozo zimafunikira kuthana ndi ntchito zovuta, chifukwa sizosavuta kuyambiranso zofunikira. Kupambana bwino kumafikira okwera okha omwe nthawi zonse amasintha luso lawo komanso luso lawo.
Njira iliyonse yobwezeretsanso ndi njira yovuta yofunikira kuchokera kwa munthu osati kumvetsera, komanso talente.
Kodi udindo ndi chiyani?
Kutengera malangizowo, omwe amasankhidwa ndi Mbuye wobwezeretsa, ntchito zake zidzakhala zosiyana. Wojambula wobwezeretsa akugwira ntchito pa zojambula, zimabwezeretsa zigawo zotayika, monga chifaniziro chobwezeretsa. Kubwezeretsa-Jewer kumapangitsa zokongoletsa zakale zatsopano. Sizingolowetsa m'malo otayika, komanso amatsuka chitsulo.
Katswiri womanga amachititsa kuti anthu azisungidwa pazipilala za zomangamanga. Palinso nthumwi za ntchito zomwe zachitika kokha ndi ntchito kuchokera ku nkhuni, ena amagwira ntchito pa Stucco, ena amakonda kujambula. Aliyense mwa akatswiri amafotokoza ali ndi akatswiri ake. Ntchitoyi, yomwe munthu aliyense sangathe mbuye. Kuti muchite bwino, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi machitidwe otsatirawa:
- kupirira ndi kuleza mtima;
- Chisamaliro ndi kuthekera kokhazikika;
- kulemekeza zinthu zaluso;
- Kufuna kugwira ntchito ndi manja anu.
Mwa zina, maudindo a ntchito yolongosoleredwa ndi:
- Kuwunikira, kuwerengera ndi kujambula zinthu zachikhalidwe;
- kubwezeretsanso kwa zinthu zowonongeka ku dziko loyambirira;
- Kupanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuteteza maofesi osalimba;
- Kudziwitsa zoopsa za kuwonongeka kwa mkhalidwe wa zinthu ndi zomanga;
- Kulangiza oyang'anira am'deralo, olamulira ndi makasitomala ena okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe chotetezedwa chamiyambo;
- Nenani zokonza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kufotokozera kwa malowo, kukula kwake, kapangidwe kake ka chinthucho, komanso kuphatikiza kwa mapulani ndi kuyerekezera kwa chinthucho;
- bungwe la ziwonetsero ndi ziwonetsero;
- kupanga makope a mitu yankhondo;
- zolemba zamachitidwe ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga ndi kubwezeretsa;
- Chitani zowongolera pa kukonza ndi kunyamula zotengera zamiyambo;
- kutsatira nambala yaukadaulo ndi chinsinsi;
- Dziwani malamulo anzeru;
- Tsatirani malamulo otetezedwa ndi chitetezo;
- Pitani patsogolo kusungitsa.
Kodi Ndingatani?
Ndikotheka kukhala wobwezeretsa m'njira zingapo. Monga lamulo, akatswiri oterowo amapanga katswiri pakukonza chinthu chimodzi. Kuti mupeze chapadera, muyenera kuchita zinthu zosiyanasiyana tikamalandira, kuphatikiza mbiri, chemistry.
Kuphatikiza kosayembekezereka ndi kupezeka kwa maphunziro omaliza a mbiri yakale.
Pambuyo pa chitsimikizo cha Katswiri wa Katswiri, amatha maphunziro apamwamba. Kuyanjana kumachitika m'malo osungirako zinthu zakale komanso nyumba, komwe kumaphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera njira zomwe amaphunzira mu chiphunzitsocho. Katswiri wachichepere salandila katundu wofunikira ndipo sangagwire ntchito, saloledwa kugwira ntchito.
Mayunivesite ena abwino aku Russia omwe akukonzekera akatswiri azachilengedwe adayamba:
- SPBSU;
- RGI wotchedwa Koshigina;
- Kupita ku Kingdom Farth University.
Kutengera malangizowo, nthawi yophunzirira ndi kuyambira 2 mpaka 6 zaka. Onetsetsani kuti mtsogolo wamtsogolo amapereka mayeso owonjezera opanga. Ophunzira ena atangopita kusukulu yomaliza maphunziro kuti aphunzire zambiri. Mwina njira yofala kwambiri yokhala katswiri waluso ndikuphunzira kuchokera kwa Mbuye wodziwa zambiri. Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito kuntchito akhala ali kale, ndi aphunzitsi odziwa zambiri. Nthawi zina maphunziro owonjezerawa amatenga zaka.
Maluso omwe adapezeka kusukulu ya Joinery akhoza kukhala othandiza pobwezeretsa nyumba zakale, osati kokha pakumanga atsopano. Mapulogalamu a kuteteza zinthu zaluso ndi njira inanso yopezera katswiri wobwezeretsa. Ophunzira amazindikira pang'ono za njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchitoyo, kenako sankhani malowa.
Mapulogalamu awa amafunikira ophunzira, kupezeka kwa zomwe zachitika m'munda wa zaluso, chemistry, chifukwa chake sizoyenera kwa oyamba kumene.
Kuti ntchito yanu ikhale bwino, wophunzirayo ayenera kuwunika mbiri ya chinthu chomwe amakulinganiza kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake. Mwachitsanzo, kubwezeretsa mipando kwa mipando kuyenera kudziwa nkhani ndi masitaelo a nthawi zosiyanasiyana kuti mukonzenso kapena kukonza chilichonse. Sungani mitundu yoyambayo ndiyofunika kwambiri.
Munthu amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe obwezeretsa mipando mu kalembedwe ka m'ma 100 kapena zojambula ndi mafuta. Dera lopapatiza. Kuchulukiridwa nthawi zonse kumadalira dera losankhidwa: Artious aluso, ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma nthawi zina muyenera kuphunzira luso. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito pakubwezeretsa nyumba zachitsulo, zolembedwa, mawindo owoneka bwino, zibowo, mipando.
Ntchito Zina
Ophunzira achichepere nthawi zambiri amayamba zochitika zawo m'malo osungirako zinthu zakale komanso mitundu yonse ya malo ogulitsa. Awa ndi malo abwino kudziwa, onjezani zotulutsa. Choyamba, wogwira ntchitoyo amalola kuti ntchito yodziyimira pawokha, ndiye kuti angayang'anire antchito ena. Ngakhale wobwezeretsanso ali ndi mwayi wogwira ntchito. Pamapeto kwambiri, amakhala mutu wa kafukufukuyu kapena malo osungirako zinthu zakale.
Akatswiri ambiri achichepere amasankha ntchito m'mabungwe azamalonda. Mbuye wabwino nthawi zonse amakhala wofunikira m'malo ogulitsira kapena mbiri yakale. Ngati mabungwe ali nawonso mndandanda wa zabwino, ndiye kuti mutha kutsegula bizinesi yanu. Anthu otere amagula zojambulajambula, kuwayika mu dongosolo, kenako kugulitsa.
Malipiro
Anthu ena amaganiza kuti maudindo a wobwezeretsa satha kupeza ndalama zambiri, koma izi sizili choncho, popeza malipirowo amadalira mwachindunji pa zomwe zikuchitika komanso luso la katswiri. Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira komwe dzikolo kapena ngakhale mzindawo muyenera kupeza ntchito. Ngati pali gawo lapakati pa oyimira ntchitoyi ndipo sakufika ma ruble 30,000, ndiye kuti sikofunikira kuwerengera ndalama zambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri a ku Moscow amalandila ma ruble 100,000, pomwe pafupifupi nthawi yamdzikoli amalipira ndalama zobwezeretsanso ma ruble 45,000. Masters aang'ono popanda chidziwitso samalipira ma ruble opitilira 25,000, m'mabungwe azamalonda izi zitha kukhala zapamwamba, koma pang'ono.
Ngati mupita kuntchito pawokha, ndizotheka kuwonjezera zomwe mumapeza rubles zokwana 50,000, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zokulirapo.
Ena amapeza ndalama zambiri, koma ili ndi funso la ulamuliro wa Master. Palinso mapangidwe ocheperako. Pezani katswiri m'malo oterowo sikophweka, motero, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kokulirapo.