Jute (Zithunzi 40): Kodi izi ndi ziti? Kodi chimapangitsa chiyani? Kupanga nsalu ndi canvas, fiber ndi grid zokongoletsa, zosankha zogulitsa

Zipangizo zodziwika kwambiri za nthawi yamakono ndi thonje, lena ndi kusangalala. Wotsirizayo adapeza ntchito yake m'mafakitale ambiri. Kutchuka kwakukulu kwa zinthuzo kumachitika chifukwa cha zokolola za mbewu, mtengo wotsika mtengo komanso mawonekedwe abwino.

Ndi chiyani?

Jute ndi woimira wambiri ya maluwa, yomwe imawoneka ngati chitsamba ndi theka-woyenda ndi kutalika kwa 300 cm. Imakula kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, komwe chinyezi cha mpweya chimafika 60-90%. Zokolola zambiri za mbewu ndi 2 matani a fiber youma pa hekitala imodzi. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale ya nkhaniyi, zitha kunenedwa kuti malo obadwira ndi India. Pambuyo pake, Jute adayamba kuperekera ku China, Amereka ndi Egypt.

Masiku ano, kulima chitsamba ichi ndikotheka m'madera omwe nyengo yonyowa imakhala yotentha kwambiri ndipo gawo lomwe limachitika kuti lipitirire.

Zipangizo zachilengedwe zimagwira ngati maziko opanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani ndi moyo.

Fiber

Kusakhwima kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi 5. Popita nthawi ino, mutha kuyamba kutola. Mukatha kudula, mapesi ake ayenera kukhalabe m'munda ndikuwuluka pa izo masiku ochepa. Munthawi imeneyi, masamba amadzagwera nthambi, pambuyo pake amasonkhana ndikuwotchera kwa masiku 7-14. Njirayi imalola kuwononga tinthu tazodabwitsa za chomera, komanso zimalekanitsa gawo la tsinde.

Kenako, opanga akuchita chakudya, kuyanika ndikusintha zinthu. Njira yayikuluyi ili yotalikizira, penti, kututa. Pambuyo pakukanikiza, mbewuyo imayendetsedwa ndikupanga zikwangwani.

Kuti mumve kumeta, wopangayo amagwira ntchito molingana ndi njira yotsatirayi:

• Gawani zowombera za mbewu zomwe zidalowa mu fakitale;
• Lembetsani zimayambira ndi madzi kapena mafuta, zomwe zimathandizira kuti muchepetse nkhaniyi;
• Zimayambira zimakonzedwa munthaka, ndikuchotsa ziphuphu pasadakhale;
• Zida zopangira zimatsukidwa ndi dothi, fumbi, pambuyo pake iwo amalekanitsidwa, akuwongoka ndikupinda ndi nthiti;
• Matikiti a Jute amapangidwa m'matepi angapo;
• Zinthuzi zimathandizidwa pamadzi opondera, pambuyo pa njirayi zimakhala ulusi.

Katundu woyambira

Maziko a jotebe ndi gawo la masamba, ndiye: cellulose ndi lignamin. Ndi yayitali, yofewa, yowoneka bwino, imakhala ndi kutalika kwa mita 4 ndi makulidwe pafupifupi 20 mic. Pakhoza kukhala kuchuluka kosiyana ndi minofu mu mpukutuwo. Zingwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso mawonekedwe ambiri, chifukwa chomwe chapezapo pafupifupi kulikonse.

Nthawi zambiri, minofu ya jut imapangidwa ndi ulusi wa ulusi. Pankhaniyi, chakudyacho chimatha kukhala chiberekero, komanso kapangidwe ka thonje ndi thonje, fulakeni, silika, lyre7, ulusi wa polymeric.

Zogulitsa zopepuka ndizopepuka komanso zopepuka pakati pa ulusi. Kuchulukitsa kwake kumatha kuyambira 190 mpaka 420 g / sq. m.

Katundu wamkulu wotsimikizira kuti walumpha uja akhoza kutchedwa:

• Hygrosophicity;
• Mphamvu zabwino mukamaphwanya;
• Kukana kusokoneza;
• kuthekera kodumpha mpweya;
• zabwino zokomera;
• Kuchokera ku kapepalako;
• chitetezo chachilengedwe;
• mtengo wotsika mtengo;
• Kuthekera kobwezeretsanso.

Milungu ya chilombo chotere chikuyembekezeredwa:

• maulamuliro;
• kuwuma;
• kufooka;
• kusowa kwa kukana kuvunda;
• Nthawi yochepa.

Makhalidwe oyenerera a zinthuzo amakhudza zowonjezera zomwe zilipo:

• Thoko amathandizira kufewetsa nsalu;
• Len imapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba.

Pankhani yomanga zowonjezera, fiber kuchokera ku nsanje itha kuwerengedwa pa kuvala kwake, komanso kusungidwa bwino kwa mawonekedwe ndi kukana kwa mawonekedwe. Chovalacho chili chotsika bwino, ndipo ngakhale pa gawo la mtunduwo limakhala lodzaza.

Sonkhanitsani m'makampani

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito jute pakupanga zovala zamitundu, grids, chingwe. Ndi chitukuko cha matekinologinologies, malo ogulitsira akhala okulirapo, motero mumsika mutha kupeza zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite. Opanga amapangidwa kuchokera ku malo opangira thumba la masamba fiber, zinthu zambiri, linoleum ndi mapeka.

Jute ndi wabwino kwambiri womwe wapeza kuti amagwiritsa ntchito pomanga. Filibe ili ndi kuthekera koyamika, kotero imadziwika ndi kukana chinyezi, komanso kutentha kutentha. Kuphatikiza pa izi pamwambapa, mankhwalawo amatha kuteteza motetezeka ku mphepo.

Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kusokonekera, wogula amatha kuwerengera chinyezi munyumbayo, amatenga madzi owonjezera, komanso kuchira kwa zosowa.

Wotenthetsa uja ali ndi mawonekedwe a tepi yolumpha, yomwe ili ndi kukula kwakukulu. Kuyika kwa malonda ndikosavuta - kuyenera kukhala kolunjika mwachindunji pa kudula. Vesili limadziwika ndi mabatani, limatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri pomata. Izi zimawonedwa ngati njira yoyenera yopangira mitengo kuchokera ku mitengo ndi mipiringidzo. Chitsamba chachilengedwe cha masamba amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mafilimu ophatikizika. Pankhaniyi, zinthuzi zimatha "kupumira". Polymer uyu wapeza kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa za khofi, tiyi ndi chakudya china. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zophatikizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale.

Jute angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zingwe, twine, zingwe ndi mphamvu yabwino. Zingwe zotere zimadziwika ndi kukana ultraviolet, kutentha, kukopa kwa makina, kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale komanso m'mavuto. Zingwezo nthawi zambiri zimakongoletsa malo ndi mitengo.

Nsalu

Zovala zazing'ono zimadziwika ndi hygroscopic, mphamvu, zachilengedwe. Zinthu zoterezi sizimakonda kutambasula, zimatha utoto mosavuta kunyumba. Kuyambira jute yokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukhwima, mutha kupanga burlap, yomwe pambuyo pake imakhumudwitsidwa ndi mipando ndi kupanga wopanga. Izi zitha kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yogona ndi fyuluta.

Zovala pansi

Kuchulukitsa kwambiri kwa jute kumalola zokutira zokongoletsedwa kuchokera pamenepo, mphasa. Zotsatira zake, zinthu zolimba komanso zothandiza zimapezeka, zomwe zimakhala machitidwe otsatirawa:

• chiyambi;
• mtengo wotsika;
• chilengedwe;
• chitetezo chachilengedwe;
• kusowa kwa zonyansa zomwe zingayambike chifukwa cha ziwengo;
• kukhwima kwakuti chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe sizinawonongeke;
• Kuthekera kowonjezera ndi zinthu zina.

Zipangizo za kunyamula

Zojambula za jute zopangidwa zimapezeka kuti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zofewa komanso zokhazikika. Ziwerengero zambiri zoterezi ambiri timagwiritsidwa ntchito pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa cha kupweteka kotsika kuchokera ku jute, mapaketi apamwamba kwambiri amapezeka, omwe amatha kupezeka m'malo osungiramo nyama, ubweya ndi thonje.

Zosankha za kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe mu singano

Popeza mtundu wa garate Jute Juteger ndi yayikulu kwambiri, imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ku zikalata, kuti: Mu zopangira zokolola. Mumkatikati, zinthu zopangidwa ndi zomera kuchokera ku ulusi wazomera zimawoneka zoyambirira kwambiri. Mtundu wachilengedwe wa fiber ndi udzu, ndipo chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka zinthu zapakhomo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ofiira, obiriwira, abuluu ndi zingwe zina.

Masters ena kuti adutse ulusi ulusi amatha kupanga rug wokongola, zopangidwa kuti apemphe zomwe akufuna. Kuwala kwa chingwe sikovuta, kumafunika kusamalira ntchito kuti mukhale oleza mtima komanso makamaka. Mothandizidwa ndi tsamba fiber ya masamba, mutha kupanga mabotolo okongoletsedwa, zokongoletsa pansi pamoto, zokongoletsedwa ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera.

Kuti mupange bwino malonda kuchokera ku ulusi wolunjika, muyenera kuganizira nthawi ngati imeneyi:

• Pangani chimango chokhacho chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chingwe chozama kwambiri chidzafunikire;
• Zinthu zothandiza pantchito zitha kukhala guluu, awiri, lumo, mpeni woyamwa;
• Kupanga zinthu zolekanitsidwa ndi singano, kuluka mbewa, acrylic varnish;
• Monga dokotala wowonjezera amene mungagwiritse ntchito ma rhinestones, mikanda ndi sequins;
• Ulusi ukhoza kuthandizidwa ndi utoto wa acrylic.

Asanayambe ntchito yopanga luso la ku Julate, ndibwino kukonzekera zolemba pasadakhale. Kuti mupange, muyenera kusankha njira yoyenera, kapena kujambula zanga.

Chochita Chopanga Cholengedwa:

• Chingwe chimakulungidwa ndi mphete, radius ya kameneka ndi 5 cm;
• Mphete imakhazikika ndi mawonekedwe;
• Kuchuluka kwa mphete kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi 12;
• Timaziphatikiza awiriawiri;
• Timapanga bwalo la twine ndi mainchesi 5 masentimita;
• Gawo lotsatira - Timatulutsa malupu ndi thupi lopindika;
• Chingwe chotsalacho chimasonkhanitsidwa m'chiuno ndi chibale ndi kuzungulira mphete;
• Kutsogolo kwa kukhetsa mzere wokutidwa;
• Zingwe zimawombedwa mozungulira kunja kwa chiuno;
• Masitepe okhazikika pa tepi.

Komanso kuchokera ku Jute, maluwa okongola amapezeka, omwe amatha kupangidwa mosavuta malinga ndi dongosolo lotsatirali:

• Sindikizani njira zosindikizira ndikufuula ndi guluu;
• Yang'anani mosamalitsa maluwa ya stot, ndiye kuti malo okhala amapanga imvi, yomwe ndi yobiriwira.

Chotupa chotere chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa chikondwerero cha banja. Pakupanga bokosi lokongoletsera, muyenera kukonza bokosi laling'ono la makatoni. Cholembera chimakhazikika pabokosi ndi guluu wamadzimadzi, mafuta owuma kwambiri okhala ndi thonje. Pambuyo pa bokosilo likamauma, muyenera kujambula ndikupaka utoto womwe mumakonda. Kongoletsani malonda kumawononga mikanda kapena nthenga.

Rute chingwe chimawerengedwa kuti paliponse, zachilengedwe komanso zochezeka kwathunthu. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zamkati mnyumba.

Njira Zosankhidwa

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, Jute imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri amunthu. Ngati mukufuna kugula mtunduwu kwa wogulayo kuti azimvera mfundo zingapo.

• Padziko. Pofuna kusokoneza ndikwabwino kusankha nsalu yagolide. Chotupa chimawonekera pamasitolo osasungidwa osati kalelo. Izi ndizofanana ndi mtengo wotsika komanso makulidwe abwino. Komabe, wogulayo akuyenera kudziwa kuti mtengo wotsika ungasonyeze kupanikizika kosakwanira. Zinthu zotsika mtengo zimatulutsa mankhwala a thermoskleenivia, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangidwa. Kuchulukitsa kumapangidwa malinga ndi ukadaulo wapadera, pomwe amapezeka kwambiri. Izi sizimakonda kukhala ndi mtolo, kudzikundikira kwa manyowa, mpweya woopsa.
• Wopanga. Monga machitidwe akuwonetsera, opanga kwambiri a Jute ndi India ndi Bangladesh.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa malonda. Chizindikiro choyenera kwambiri chimawonedwa kuti ndi 450 - 600 g / m2. Zinthu zambiri zopondera zimakhala ndi zoteteza kwambiri. Mazana ndi otsika kwambiri, popeza palibe zodetsa zina.
• Zosafunikira zosafunikira. Opanga ena amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zabwino ngati zodetsa ku Jut. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kulabadira kusakhala ndi kusowa kwa zinthu zina. Pankhani ya kupezeka kwa synthetitics muzomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu, minofu imatha kuchitika polumikizirana ndi mapangidwe a finus.
• Mtengo. Mukamasankha njira yomwe mukufuna, ndiyofunika kudziwa bwino zinthu zambiri, chifukwa mtengo waiwo ungakhale wosiyana kwambiri. Mtengo wa jute umathandizira luso laukadaulo, wopanga, komanso mawonekedwe a kukhazikitsa.
• Kupezeka kwa fungo. Chingwe chaukadaulo chimaphatikizidwa ndi mafuta apadera, pomwe fungo linalake. Mwachilengedwe, chibebere sichimanunkhira.
• Zinthu zachikale. Julani yopukutidwa imawerengedwa mosavuta. Umboni wodalirika umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a fibrous, kotero wogula ayenera kulabadira m'chiuno.
• Kuchuluka kwa ulusi. Mu chingwe cholusa patha kukhala 1, 2 kapena 3. monga momwe zimakhalira ndikuwonetsa, zingwe zochulukirapo, mphamvu zake. Pofuna kuti apange zinthu zokongoletsera zamkati, chingwe chamitundu iwiri chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zinthu zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuyenera kuganizirana posankha juvase. Ngati mungasankhe bwino, ndiye kuti malonda adzakhala nthawi yayitali.

Kutengera ndi ntchito zokhazikitsidwa, mutha kusankha zinthu za wopanga.

• "Kuthana Ut000000100" Zopangidwa ku Russia. Zoyenera kutukuka nyumba yamatabwa.
• "Twine 93882" Ndinapeza kuti ndimagwiritsa ntchito ponyamula ndi zinthu zowombera, komanso zosowa.
• "Chingwe Chopatulidwa 21962" Belarus wopangidwa chifukwa ndizosatheka kugwira ntchito bwino kugwira ntchito ndi katundu. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda ya m'nyumba, ulimi, masewera ndi zomanga.
• "Chingwe 94013" Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chowonda m'mabuku ambiri azachuma.
• "Chingwe 36820" Ndikosavuta m'malo mwa kukwera kwa chopondera chopanda chosagwira ntchito ndi chokongoletsera cha kanyumba kamatabwa.

Momwe Mungasamalire Zogulitsa?

Jute cavas ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ku minofu ya polymer yokhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri. Zinthuzi zimadziwika ndi chitetezo chonsecho ndipo chitha kukhala nthawi yayitali ngati kuli koyenera kusamalira. Izi zimakhudza izi zimakhudza kuuma kwa malonda. Mawanga nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa ndi kuyeretsa kouma. Pankhaniyi ikatsukidwa ndikungofunika, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma gels ndi madzi ofunda, monga ufa ukhoza kutsatsa ulusi. Kuphatikiza pa zonsezi pamwambapa, zinthu zochokera ku jute ziyenera kulowerera. Chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwa dothi kumachitika. Kuwonongeka kovuta kuyenera kutayika, kufinya, kenako kukonzanso zomwe zili pamalo oyimirira.

Sungani zinthu zotereku potalikirana kuchokera ku dzuwa ndi kuthira zida zotenthetsera. Kugwedeza kumachitika mbali yosinthira. Mabasiketi, maimidwe ndi Jute Masa satha kunyowa komanso mothandizidwa ndi makina. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mankhwala pakuyeretsa kumaphatikizapo kufewetsa kwa ulusi ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu. Ngati zinthuzo zikadalota, zimatha kutsukidwa ndi njira yowuma, imaloledwa kuwononga nsalu yonyowa ndikuwuma pamsewu.

Akatswiri amalepheretsa kusiya zinthu zotere pafupi ndi moto, momwe angathere moto. Malinga ndi ogula ena, kuti ayeretse zinthu kuchokera ku chithunzi cholimba ichi ndalamazo zokwanira.