ERhu - Uwu ndi momwe amatchedwa mmodzi wa mitundu ya mitundu ya violin. Zowoneka bwino ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso mbiri ya chida cha nyimbo, tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kaonekeswe
Erihu ndi valin wachi China wachizungu, womwe ndi wa banja la zingwe za rook zida zoimbira. Imadziwika ngati mtundu wa chida cha Chinese Huzin.
Dzinalo Ehu lili ndi tanthauzo lake. Chifukwa chake, silika "woyamba kumasuliridwa kuti" awiri ", ndi yachiwiri", ngati "kubwerera".
Itanani chida choimbira chonchi ndi riolin yokhazikika, komwe ambiri amazolowera, zovuta. Ili ndi mizere yotsatira mkati mwa 3 ma slatings awiri okha, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku Silka ndipo amasokonezeka ndi woimbayo pamasewerawa ndi zala. Zigawo zake zazikulu zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza zingwe, deck, mitengo imatha kukwezedwa kapena cylindrical, komanso njoka yachikopa.
Kuphatikiza apo, izi zimaphatikizapo khosi la chida. M'mbuyomu, chida chonsecho, kuphatikiza khosi, chinali kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 60. Komabe, tsopano wachulukana pang'ono kukula, popeza kutalika kwa khosi kunayamba kufikira pafupifupi mita yonse, ndi mitundu 80. Ili ndi khosi lomwe limalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito bulaketi yachitsulo.
Thupi la chida limapangidwa makamaka ndi mtengo wowonda, monga pinki kapena ebony.
Uta wokhotakhota, womwe umapangitsa tsinde la bamboo lolumikizidwa ndi chida. Nawo nyimbo imapangidwanso. Uta uta ulinso ndi chingwe chake chomwe chimapangidwa ndi mahatchi okwera pamahatchi. Nthawi zambiri imakhazikika pakati pa zingwe ziwiri zazikulu kuti Herhu ndi imodzi yonse.
Pamasewerawa, valbell uyu amazikatira mu rosin kuti awonjezere kukangana. Izi oimbawo amasamalira mwapadera.
Ngati uta ukunena bwino, sizabwino mokwanira, ndiye kuti mawu a chidani asokonekera, ndipo m'malo mwa nyimbo zokongola padzakhala njira yoyipa, yodula.
Mbiri ya Chida Choimbira
China lili ndi zida zambiri zachikhalidwe zomwe zingatchulidwe kuyerekeza ndi Erhu, indedi. Herhu ndi wocheperako, ali ndi zaka chikwi.
Iliyonse ya mapangidwe a nyimboyi imakhala yovuta kuwola pamashelefu. Kwa nthawi yayitali, adawerengedwa kuti ndi chida cha maungu mwa anthu ambiri, nthawi zambiri amasintha malo ake limodzi ndi magulu a anthu a anthu.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Eliyo adadzilowa m'malo akumpoto kwa China. Chifukwa chachokera, chida chimawonedwa ngati chofiirira.
Komabe, adabwera kwa anthu wamba. Anachita mitate yao zamtundu uliwonse pa iwo, momwe amafotokozera nthawi zonse tsiku ndi tsiku, iwo anati kumeneko komanso zinthu wamba, monga usodzi ndi masitolo a ziweto.
Erihu atangofunafunadi m'nthawi yomwe malamulo a mzera wa Tang, ndiye kuti, mu zaka za VII-X Pazaka zathu kale.
Pambuyo pa nthawi inayake, chida choimba choimbira ichi chakhalabe chovuta kwambiri komanso ngakhale mu orchestra ya opera. Zinakhala ponseponse ku China kulikonse - konse kumidzi komanso kumatauni.
Ngakhale zonsezi, kulemekeza chida ichi sikungatengere mwayi pa izi, zomwe zidachitikanso chifukwa cha "chotupa" chake. Phokoso lake ngati chida payekha chimatha kumveka kawirikawiri.
Amamuyamikira iye chifukwa woyimba nyimbo, monga Liu Tianhua. Zinali chifukwa cha iye Erihu adalandira chida champhamvu chokhazikika. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi nyimbo yokhala ndi mutu wa "kasupe wachiwiri amaonetsa mwezi," tsopano ndi apamwamba.
Erchi amayamba kutchuka kwambiri pambuyo pa chiwonetserochi mu 2004 pa konsati ya TV, yomwe inali yatsopano kwambiri ku Tan ", yomwe idadzipereka kwa chaka chatsopano ku China.
Maganizo owoneka bwino, kuphatikiza nyimbo ndi kuvina kosiyanasiyana, komwe chikhalidwe chenicheni cha Chitchaina, chomwe chidawonetsa chidwi kwa anthu.
Chifukwa chake, mu 2006, makonsati amenewa adalinganizidwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2008, makonsati adachitikiranso, komanso kuchuluka kwa mizinda yomwe adalinganizidwa, kuchuluka, monganso, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adayendera zomwe zidachitikazo.
Zosangalatsa kwambiri zojambulajambulazo zidayambitsa ndendende violin elhu. Pazidazo anachita nyimbo zodziwika bwino za woimba wotchuka, Akazi a Qi Siaochun, omwe adaphunzira masewerawa pa Elhu. Msungwana uyu ndi m'modzi mwa okonda otchuka kwambiri ku Erhu.
Kupatula iye, Kutchuka kwa chipangizocho chinathandizira mbuyeyu pa masewerawa pa EShu ngati George Gao.
Pakadali pano, imvani kulira kwa Erhu sikungokhala pa makonsati oterewa, komanso ku China Opera ndi zisudzo, kuti: Zodabwitsa kwambiri. Kupatula, ERhu imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a nyimbo.
Pomwe zikumveka
Phokoso la Erihu ndi loonda, ngati kuti Shelkovoy. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chida ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito nyimbo zosavuta. Chida ichi mosavuta chimatha kulingalira ndi kulira, ndikuusa moyo, komanso kutsitsa mlengalenga. M'manja mwa Mbuye, amatha kutsanzira mawu achilengedwe, chithupsa cha mbalame, okwera pamahatchi, madontho am'madzi, mphepo zina.
Masewera olimbitsa thupi
Mu omvetsa chisoni kuti muphunzire masewerawa pa chida chotere, monga Erhu, zinali zotheka kuyamba kuyambira zaka 4 zokha.
Mukuchita masewerawa, Erhu ali vertical, ndikutsamira mwendo wake pa bondo lake. Uta uta nthawi yomweyo uyenera kukhala kudzanja lamanja la wojambula, ndi zala za dzanja linalo, ayenera kukanikiza zingwe.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kuti mufufuze zolemba zofunika, zingwe zikuluzikulu zimakomedwa kuti sizigwira gruff.
Takulandila kwambiri masewerawa pa Ehuhu "ndi" traververse ya vibrarato ". Mfundo yake ndikuti mukamachita nyimbo zikuluzikulu zaingwezi, zomwe zimasintha chida cha mawu.
Mutha kumva mawu a Erhu mu kanema wotchulidwa pansipa.