Odziwa anthu ali ndi siliva ali ndi zaka chikwizikulu: migodi yaphokoso kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko omwe analipo kale n. NS. Ndipo lero, siliva umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani, mankhwala, popanga zodzikongoletsera. Zogulitsa zopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe a siliva a siliva mokongola komanso mokweza. Tsoka ilo, Amatha kuphimbidwa ndi chiwongola dzanja choyipa.
Zifukwa zazikulu
Siliva ndi m'gulu la zitsulo zabwino, zomwe zimadziwika chifukwa sizimagwirizana ndi zinthu zina za tebulo la Mendeleev. Komabe, ichi ndiye chitsulo chosakhazikika kwambiri. Kucheza ndi chilengedwe, polumikizana ndi thupi laumunthu ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, Siliva amadziwika ndi mankhwala payekhapayekha, chifukwa chake, amadabwitsa. Njirayi imachedwa, yomwe imathamangitsidwa m'mikhalidwe ya chinyezi chachikulu, kutentha kwambiri, mothandizidwa ndi kuwala.
Osachita hydrogen, nayitrogeni, kaboni, chitsulo chimakhala ndi chidwi ndi mankhwala osasunthika, mwachitsanzo, ku hydrogen sulfide.
M'mikhalidwe ya mpweya wabwino woyera ndi siliva sunachitike. Koma zenizeni mlengalenga pali mitundu yambiri ndi zinthu. Sichoncho.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zake ndi ntchito ya anthu. Mwachitsanzo, sulufule daoxide imapangidwa pomwe mahola amayaka, pakukonzekera mabizinesi akufakitale. Chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati gawo la feteleza, pokonzekera zamankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, ilipo mu zakudya zambiri, nyama ndi masamba a masamba, mu katundu wanyumba. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti ndende yaying'ono ya kulumikizana kwa chinthu nthawi zonse kumakhalapo, ndipo sitingathe kupatula kuyanjana kwa zinthu. Zotsatira zake, siliva limatembenuka chikasu.
Ndikosavuta kukulitsa phindu la sulufule chifukwa cha ntchito yofunika ya thupi . Makamaka zimakhala minofu yambiri ya minofu, pakhungu. Ndipo imadziwikanso kuti pali zotupa zambiri thukuta pa thupi la munthu, zomwe zimaperekedwa nthawi zonse zimachitika nthawi zonse. Mwa zinthu zina, limodzi ndi ma sulfur mankhwala akuwonetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, sikuyenera kudabwitsidwa kuti mutavala pang'ono pa chala, mphete yakhala yamkumphuka, ndipo zokongoletsera zam'madzi zomwe zimalumikizana ndi thupi (maunyolo, zibangili) zimayamba kukhala chikasu. Njira ikuthamangira ngati pali zodzikongoletsera zamiyala yolimbana ndi ndalama zasiliva zamankhwala pabanja komanso zodzoladzola.
Siliva wachikasu komanso motsogozedwa ndi bromine kapena ayodini. Izi zimapezekanso mu zinthu zambiri, kukonzekera kuchipatala. A Bromine amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto wa nsalu. Palinso chinthu china chosasangalatsa, chifukwa chomwe malonda angatumize: mwapeza zabodza kuchokera pazitsulo zotsika mtengo, zakunja zimafanana ndi siliva. Zitsulo zoterezi zimasiyidwa mwachangu komanso kusintha mtundu. Kapenanso malonda ake ndi siliva, chitsulo chochepa cha chitsulo chamtengo wapatali chimapepuka ndikudumphadumpha m'maso. Pankhaniyi, mawanga achikasu adzawonekera pakokongoletsa.
Njira Zotsuka
Zachidziwikire, ngati muli ndi zokongoletsera zabodza, palibe njira yotsutsira yomwe ingapatse utoto wasiliva. Ngakhale mutakwanitsa kuchotsa wosanjikiza filimu ya oxide, chikasu chidzabweranso mwachangu. Njira zolimbana ndi vuto lokhumudwitsa kusiliva. Choyamba, mutha kulumikizana ndi zodzikongoletsera za zodzikongoletsera, pomwe mbuyeyo azichita ndewu.
Izi zili choncho makamaka ndi zinthu zodula, zokongoletsera ndi zochokera ku miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi theka.
Tsukani malonda kuchokera ku chikasu amatha kukhala kunyumba . Chabwino ndi njira zapadera . Omwe ali mu ndalama zambiri amapereka mafakitale amakono. Nyimbozo zimapangidwa mwadala kuti zikhale zoyera kuchokera pazitsulo zamtengo wapatali.
Zina mwa izo ndi zothetsera chilengedwe chonse ndikupanga zida zasiliva. Zinthu zodziwika bwino ndizotchuka Taliskan, Amathandiza osati kuyeretsa chikasu, komanso kubwerera ku siliva wasiliva. Ndikofunikira kuti musapitirire nthawi yakuwonekera kwa zinthu mu yankho. Malangizo atsatanetsatane nthawi zambiri amakhala pa phukusi kapena zilembo zamalonda.
Ndalama sizoyenera pazomwe zimayikapo kuchokera pamiyala younikira: Amber, ngale, turquoise, matanthwe. Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito siliva wakuda kapena wagulidwa, chifukwa cha enamel. Chenjezo ili limapezekanso pa zilembo.
Ngati pazifukwa zina sizinachite kuti mugule njira zopangidwira Chotsani Flare mutha kuyesa ndi thandizo la opusa . Mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba iliyonse pali soda, chinthu chotsika mtengo ndizosavuta kugula pamalo ogulitsira. Kuchokera Koloko ndi madzi Ndikofunikira kuphika cashitz, kenako opaka. Ndipo amathanso kuchitika pang'ono kutentha kwa supuni 1-2 ya koloko ndi 500 ml ya madzi, kuyika zojambulazo mpaka pansi pa thankiyo ndikutsitsa madzi Zogulitsa kwa mphindi zochepa. Zogulitsa zomwe zatulutsidwa kuchokera ku Soda The Soda zidasambitsidwa m'madzi ofunda ndikupukuta youma ndi nsalu yofewa.
Chogulitsa china chotsika mtengo - Mafuta kapena ufa. Amayikidwa pazinthu zofewa komanso zasiliva. Zogulitsazi zimatsekedwa m'madzi ndikupukuta.
Komabe, njirayi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, chifukwa zinthu zimatha kukhala zovuta. Kuyeretsa kotereku si koyenera kwa zinthu ndi zokutira rhodium, zakuda, enamel.
Kudziwitsa mawonekedwe a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ammonia. Supuni ziwiri zimasungidwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Njira yothetsera vutonti imalepheretse malonda ndi kupirira pafupifupi mphindi 15. Kenako malonda amachotsedwa ndikuchotsa phokoso lakuda ndi chopukutira pepala.
Njira sizitanthauza kusamba kotsatira ndi madzi. Njirayi ndiyoyenera pazogulitsa zopanda miyala.
Samalani malamulo
Kulakalaka kwachilengedwe kwa mwiniwake wa ndalama zasiliva ndikuti amakhala osawoneka bwino. Kuti achite izi, ayenera kuwasamalira bwino osanyalanyaza upangiri wa akatswiri. Choyamba, zinthu zimafunikira Chabwino . Ndikofunikira kusankha malo owuma. Nthawi zambiri, mabokosi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodzikongoletsera. Ndikofunikira kuti amapangidwa ndi mtengo wophimbidwa ndi lacquer. Mabokosi azitsekedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo pansi wawo uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi thonje kapena nsalu. Ngati palibe malo osiyana mu thankiyo, ikani zokongoletsera mu mafilimu kapena velvet.
Ngati nthawi yayitali kusunthidwa kumaganiziridwa, ndikofunikira kuyika Polyethylene omangirira matumba. Pakuchotsa zowonjezera za mpweya wopezeka pazinthu, amatha kulungidwa m'mapepala apadera, adatsukidwa kale. Malonda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito Nthawi ndi nthawi sambani madzi ofunda ndi sopo, Kenako pukuta bwino ndi nsalu yofewa. Kutsuka bwino, mutha kumwa burashi, Ziphuphu zomwe siziyenera kukhala zovuta kupewa mawonekedwe ake.
Musanachite homuweki iliyonse, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa kuti muchepetse mphamvu yakutsuka. Ndiponso zokongoletsera ziyenera kuchotsedwa musanayendere masewera olimbitsa thupi, malo osambira kapena saunas. Kuphatikiza apo, pewani zinthu zodzikongoletsera.
Za Momwe Momwe Mungayeretse Silina Panyumba, onani kanema wotsatira.