Zithunzi (zithunzi 58): Zimawoneka bwanji? Minyo ndi miyeso ina. Gebirit, villeroy & Boch ndi Roca. Ntchito ndi chipangizo. Ndani adapanga ma bishot?

Maiko aku Europe amapezeka m'mitundu yambiri. Pa gawo la Russia zinthu izi sizofala kwambiri, chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kupanga chisankho choyenera. Kukhazikitsa kwaluso ndi mabizinesi nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa mavuto ambiri kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. M'nkhani yathu, tikambirana zomwe zidazi zikuimira zida izi ndi zomwe ntchito zawo zazikulu ndi.

Ndi chiyani ndi omwe adapangidwa?

Chaka chilichonse kutchuka kwa bodiyo m'dziko lathu kumangokula. Masiku ano, zida izi zimapezeka m'nyumba zochulukirapo kuposa zaka zingapo zapitazo. Tisanafikire kuti tidziwe zinthu zonse za bisi, ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti zinthu izi zikuimiriridwa ndi ndipo omwe adawayambitsa.

Bungweli ndi kukula kochepa kakang'ono ka bafa, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayikidwa kutali kwambiri kuchokera kuchimbudzi pamalopo. . Cholinga chachikulu cha zamkhutu izi, koma chida chothandiza ndi Pakutsuka mwachangu pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi. Binds muyenera kusangalala molondola. Zipangizozi sizimapangidwa kuti ziponye pepala la kuchimbudzi kapena zinyalala, ziyenera kuyikidwa m'malamulo onse.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, zinthu izi zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi zaka 300 zapitazo ku France. Koma kupanga kwakukulu kwa bishon ndi kufunikira kwa achi Japan. Poganizira mbiri ya zisonyezo izi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti tsiku lenileni kapena dzina lawo silikudziwika. Mwadzisafunikira Mlembi wa chitukuko ndi Kristina Merkolov, mipando yaumwini yaumwini ya banja lachifumu ku France.

Mitundu yamakono ndi yayikulu kuposa "misonkho" yawo. Masiku ano ali okonzeka ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, sensor), khalani ndi malingaliro oganiza bwino, osangalatsa. Zopangidwira malo osiyanasiyana.

Zida zosankhidwa bwino zitha kuperekedwa, kongoletsani zoyenerera za bafa.

Zabwino ndi zovuta

Ma supuni ndi chipangizo chotchuka, chifukwa cha iye anthu ambiri adasiya kugwiritsa ntchito pepala la kuchimbudzi. Mwachitsanzo, ku Turkey, mchitidwewu umadziwika kuti ndi wabwinobwino. Nzika za dziko lino nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito bondo posunga ukhondo. Ndikofunika kukonza mosamala kukonza zabwino zazikulu za zida zotchulidwazo.

• Bindot pagawo lalikulu logwiritsa ntchito, Kodi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali nawo m'nyumba zawo ali nawo kale.
• Chidacho chimadziwonetsa kuti ndi ukhondo kwambiri.
• Chifukwa cha manja amtunduwu Khungu pa genetitalia silinagonjetsedwe, osasangalatsa pamapepala a toirce, omwe ali kutali kwambiri ndi nthawi zonse amakhala ofewa.
• Ma Sheets amatha kugwirira ntchito pambuyo pa pepala la kuchimbudzi - Sinthani kwathunthu zizolowezi zanu siziyenera kutero. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa chiyero ndi ukhondo kumawonjezeka kwambiri.
• Osati template yokha, yosavuta, komanso mitundu yowala, yokongola ya mabizinesi imayamba kugulitsa. Kukhala ndi kapangidwe kake, kolemera. Wogula wamakono ali ndi mwayi wowonjezera bwino kusamba ndi chidziwitso chokongola.
• Mitundu yamakono imakhala ndi magawo ambiri owonjezera. Pogwiritsa ntchito, zosankha zoterezi ndizosavuta.

Ganizirani zonse ziwirizi.

• Osati m'bafa lililonse pali malo aulere kuti akhazikitse ma boti. Masiku ano, anthu ambiri okhala m'matauni atadwala kwambiri. M'malo oterowo, sankhani ngodya ya mabizinesi ikhoza kungotheka.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi ndi nkhani yokoma ndi zizolowezi. Sikuti munthu aliyense amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowonjezera ya mikono yokhazikika atathamangitsa kuchimbudzi.

Ntchito ndi malamulo ogwiritsa ntchito

Bind ndikofunikira kusangalala molondola. Ganizirani malingaliro osavuta ndi malamulo okhudzana ndi ntchitoyi.

• Musanagwiritse ntchito bongo, Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kutentha kwa madzi osokoneza bongo kuchokera osakanizira pang'ono. Moni madzi ayeneranso kuthandizidwa mwangozi samanyowa.
• Kuti mumveke bwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika matawulo angapo. Zitha kukhala zosankha zapadera zogulitsidwa m'masitolo ambiri.
• Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti pepala la kuchimbudzi kapena zopukutira, matawulo kapena matauni a pepala amaponya mu bindot - Chipinda chofanana, chiri ndi kukula kocheperako.
• Ngati chipangizocho chimapereka gawo lapadera la chowumitsa tsitsi, Mawolo amenewo sangathe kukolola.
• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito bongo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito oyeretsa oyeretsa. Sopo kapena mawonekedwe apadera a dyagiene ali oyenera - madzi wamba sichokafuna kujambulidwa ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri.
• Konzani zonse zomwe mukufuna, muyenera kukhala pa shadit. Mwachitsanzo, nthumwi za kugonana mwamphamvu, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, ndizosavuta kukhala ndi chipangizocho.
• Amayi amatha kukhala pa bisi, chifukwa ndizovuta. Muzimutsuka mokwanira mafeseche a kumatha kusankha malo omwe ali ndi vuto. Mfundo yogwiritsa ntchito njirayi ndi yofanana ndi amuna amuna.
• Zipangizo zina pali shawa yapadera, Gwiritsani ntchito zomwe zili zosavuta.
• Muyenera kudikirira mpaka chipangizocho chikumalizidwa. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito thaulo kapena kuthamanga ntchito yopangira Fenyal yomwe imaperekedwa mu bubing (ngati ilipo).

Palibe china chovuta pakugwira ntchito kwamakono kwa mabizinesi. Chinthu chachikulu ndi cholondola komanso chosavuta kukhala pa iwo, gwiritsani ntchito cholinga chake chachikulu.

Sikofunikira kuganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mutu wa ndalamazi kumakupatsani mwayi wosiya moyo wamba kapena bafa. Bizinesi siyingakhale yolowa m'malo mwathunthu.

Maonedwe

Ogula amakono amakhala ndi mwayi wodziwa mitundu yambiri komanso yoganiza bwino ya bishot. Amasiyana osati mu kapangidwe kawo, komanso mwa kupanga, mtundu wa ma jet a ndege yamadzi, mwachindunji. Sankhani njira yoyenera idzatheka pazinthu zilizonse.

Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane za mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma sunda yomwe imapangidwa ndi opanga zamakono.

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe opanga

M'masitolo apadera omwe mungapeze mwayi wapamwamba womwe umasiyana wina ndi mnzake m'mapangidwe awo. Zachikhalidwe ndichikhalidwe kuti zilumikizidwe komanso pansi variants of zida. Amakhala ndi zinthu ngati izi:

• mbale;
• chosakanizira.

Pa sitolo yamasitolo, mutha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakampani apamwamba, omwe amapangidwa mu mawonekedwe achikuto wamba, amapangira mawonekedwe odalirika opangidwa ndi madzi. Ndi izi mutha kupeza chimbudzi chambiri chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati bishot.

Kutchuka kumapeza fayilo yomangidwa . Zitsanzo za kapangidwe kake kameneka nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi bolodi yapadera yofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zogwirizanitsidwa ndi opanga. Pazinthu zingapo pali zowonjezera mu mawonekedwe a chowuma tsitsi ndi chotenthetsera.

Ntchito izi ndizosavuta pakugwira ntchito kwa bishot, mutha kukana mawulo kapena mapepala. Ma supuni omwe adapangidwa pachikuto cha mbale ya chimbudzi ndi yovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito bwino.

Pachifukwa ichi, zida zotere sizingatchulidwe ntchito kwambiri - sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kumira kapena kusamba kwa phazi.

Mu mtundu wamadzi

M'magawo osiyanasiyana a chipangizocho, mabizinesi amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamadzi. Pali mitundu yogulitsa, komwe Madzimadzi amachokera pachifuwa chapadera, kuchokera pachimbudzi cha chimbudzi, chosavuta-chofanana, kapena kasupe kakang'ono kokhazikika pansi pa mbale.

Makope onsewa adzitsimikizira kuti omasuka monga momwe angathere. Kusankha kwachitsanzo china kumatengera zopempha ndi zofuna za ogula. Mapangidwe omwe ali ndi mphuno amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito amuna, akazi, chifukwa chinthu ichi chitha kufalikira kwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana.

Patsamba la kukhazikitsa

Monga momwe zimbudzi, mitundu yamakono ya bongo muli mwayi kukhazikitsa pansi, ndikuyika khoma lokonzedwa. Zosankha zoyimitsidwa Chivindikirocho chimakhala ndi kuyika kobisika mkati mwa khoma - zosinthitsa izi kuchimbudzi ziyenera kukhala malo aulere okwanira. Khoma lokwera Mapangidwe ndi abwino chifukwa Zida zawo zonse zolumikizidwa zabisidwa kuseri kwa khoma, musadutse "kumaso.

Pamwamba pa pansi zimakhala zaulere kwathunthu, chifukwa chomwe njira yotsuka m'nyumba ndiyosavuta. Koma mtengo wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ili pamwambapa, m'malo mokhala pansi. Zosiyanasiyana zakunja za bongo, ngakhale zimangowoneka, koma zokhazikitsidwa popanda mavuto ndi zovuta . Mutha kuthana ndi izi popanda kukopa chifukwa cha masters.

Mtengo wazosankha zakunja womwe uli pansipa, osati khoma lokhazikika.

Zipangizo ndi mitundu

Mukamasankha mtundu wa zinsinsi za bafa, ndikofunikira kuganizira osati mapangidwe ake, kupanga ndi magwiridwe antchito, komanso kupanga zinthu. Zambiri zimatengera gawo ili: moyo wa chipangizo, kudalirika kwake, mtundu wake, kuvala kukana ndi mtengo womaliza.

Zopanga zopangidwa ndi:

• porcelain (vuto);
• pulasitiki;
• ma ceramidi;
• chitsulo;
• Galasi.

M'malo ena, mutha kupeza zokongola zopangidwa ndi golide. Chodziwika kwambiri komanso chofunikira kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali amakhalabe apamwamba a porcetaly ndi cifundo. Mtundu wa Porinwo sudula zambiri chifukwa kupanga kwake kumakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Zinthu zoterezi ndi zodalirika, zolimba komanso zosagwirizana.

Poyang'ana koyamba, Fayans ochokera ku purour ndi ovuta kwambiri - akatswiri wodziwa ntchito yekhayo amene angathane ndi izi. Mitundu ya Faiadov ndi yolimba. Moyo wapakati pa ntchito yawo ndi pafupifupi zaka 35. Zosankha za porcelat zimatha kutsekedwa kuyambira zaka 45 mpaka 55.

Ma sudenti a ceramic ndi odalirika komanso okhazikika. Ndiosavuta kusunga ndikuwoneka okongola. Nthawi zambiri zinthu zoterezi zimakhazikitsidwa mu gawo limodzi ndi chimbudzi. Ceramics, monga chitondo, chikuopa kutentha kokha kutentha, kuwomba kwamphamvu. Zambiri zimatengera momwe amathandizira okha.

Kugulitsa pafupipafupi mitundu yatsopano yatha. m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Odziwika ndi njira zoyera. Maphunziro ngati amenewa amakangana mwakachetechete pafupifupi iliyonse. White - utoto wosakhazikika, "mafuta" komanso osangalatsa . Imayang'ana mwako oyandikana nawo ndi mapepala osiyanasiyana, ndipo palibe zoletsa zazikulu mu masitayilo a mtunduwu.

Osati kale kwambiri, zachilendo Zogulitsa zakuda. Amayang'ana choyambirira, mawonekedwe ndi amakono. Akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale m'mabafa ambiri, pomwe utoto wakuda sukuvulaza vuto. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupeza njira za beige ndi zonona m'masitolo. Zosiyanasiyana izi zimasiyidwanso, zikuyenera kukhala momwe zinthu ziliri pamakhala chipale chofewa.

Chosangalatsa komanso chowala mchipindacho chidzawoneka Zobiriwira, zachikaso kapena zofiira . Koma zinthu zoterezi tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zikhale zipinda momwe chinthu chimodzi chimakhala chikupezeka munjira yomweyo. Siziyenera kuzisunga bafa ndi ma toni owopsa, apo ayi chikhala chopusa.

Mtundu wa Bixt ndikofunikira kuti mutenge, ndikutuluka pamalo ena onse. Kupukutira kuyenera kukhala kogwirizana ndi mkati mwa mkati, osati kutuluka.

Gabarits.

Opanga zamakono amapereka kusankha kwa ogula osiyanasiyana. Muyenera kusankha mtundu wina, kubweretsedwanso kuchokera kuchimbudzi. Musanapite ku malo ogulitsira, chipindacho chiyenera kuyesedwa kuti chisapange cholakwika ndi kugula kwa chipangizo choyenera. Ma supuni ambiri omwe amapangidwa lero ali ndi kukula koyenera:

• kuzama - 520-560 mm;
• m'mbali - 330-400 mm;
• Kutalika kwa malonda kumatengera mtundu wake: gawo lokhazikika lamitundu yapansi ndi 400 mm, ndikuyimilira, khoma loyera - 300 mm.

Kwa chipinda chaching'ono, simuyenera kugula chida cha kukula kwakukulukulu. Ndikofunika kusamalira mini-suxt - mtundu woterewu sugwira ntchito, koma amatenga malo ochepera.

Brands wotchuka

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugula kokha-apamwamba kwambiri, mafayilo odziwika bwino. Mitundu yabwino imapezeka pansi pa mitundu ingapo.

• Gebirit. Chidwi chodziwika bwino cha Switzer, ndikupanga mabizinesi amtundu uliwonse wapamwamba kwambiri. Mitundu yoyimitsidwa ndi makhadi achimbudzi a wopanga uyu ndiotchuka kwambiri. Zoperekedwa mu mawonekedwe akulu, khalani ndi mtengo wa demokalase.

• Villeroy & Boch. Kampani yayikulu kuchokera ku Germany. Imatulutsa mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri. Zida zam'madzi zokhala ndi madongosolo azokha komanso zowonjezera zikufunika kwambiri.

• Roca. Mphepete mwa Spanish Roca imatchuka chifukwa chosagawika, osiyanasiyana. Zopangidwa ndi zonse zakunja ndikuyimitsa mitundu. Yosavuta, yokhala ndi mipando yabwino ya dala. Bizinesi ili ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo, zimakhala zolimba komanso zokongola.

• Certanthit. Kampani yotchuka ya ku Poland imatulutsa zida zotsika mtengo zotsika mtengo. Amapereka makasitomala kusankha zida zoyera kwambiri zosintha zosiyanasiyana. Mutha kugula zikuluzikulu komanso zazing'ono komanso zazing'ono.

Malangizo posankha

Sankhani bongo kuti chimbudzi kapena bafa iyenera kukakamizidwa ndi njira zingapo zofunika. Dziwani bwino mndandanda wawo.

• Kukula kwake. Monga tanena, musanacheze ku malo ogulitsira, muyenera kuyeza malo a chipinda chomwe mukufuna kuyika. Chipangizocho sichiyenera kupititsa patsogolo malo, kuyandikira kwa zinthu zina.
• Malaya . Mugule mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri yopangidwa ndi zida zolimba, zosagwira. Zogulitsa pulasitiki ndizotsika mtengo, koma zolimba kwambiri komanso zodalirika sizingaganizidwe. Njira Yothetsera Universal - Mafayilo a anthu.
• Mtundu. Sankhani pasadakhale, mafayilo omwe mukufuna kugula. Zonse zimatengera kudera la bafa, komanso kuchokera pazokonda zanu.
• Wopanga. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugula ndalama zokhazokha za mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri. Samalani ndi zinthu zodziwika bwino ndi kuponi ya chitsimikizo. Zogulitsa zochokera ku mitundu yayikulu sizikhala zotsika mtengo, koma gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yayitali.
• Kapangidwe. Tisaiwale za zida za zida zosiyidwa. Chipangizocho chimayenera kukhala ndi mtundu woyenera komanso kalembedwe kogwirizana ndi malo ozungulira.

Pokhapokha pokhapokha muzomwezi zitha kuyembekezeredwa kuti zinsinsi zidzakongoletsedwa / kumaliza mkati.

Kutumiza Komwe?

Nthawi zambiri mafoni amayika mtunda waufupi kuchokera ku chimbudzi. Zipangizozi zimawoneka kuti zimapanga unyolo umodzi, kotero makonzedwe awo akuyenera kuyembekezeredwa. Mtunda woyenera pakati pa bisi ndi chimbudzi kuyambira 25 mpaka 30 cm. Ndikofunika kuti musamalire mafelemu awa.

Zovuta pang'ono ndizovuta, zikafika ku bungwe la malo oyandikana kwambiri. Zoterezi, mabizinesi amatha kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi chimbudzi, kugwiritsa ntchito sizikhala bwino. Mutha kuthana ndi vutoli lokha kupeza zida zamakono za mini.

Mu chipinda chaching'ono, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lid-bidet, sheet-boxt kapena hygienic shafa . Ndi zida zonona izi zitha kupulumutsa malo aulere.

Mapangidwe opangidwa mkati

Ma suput ayenera kusankhidwa kutengera mawonekedwe amkati mwa chipindacho. Chida choyenera chimatha kukhala chophatikiza chotsatira chambiri. Ganizirani zinthu zingapo zowoneka bwino komanso zoyenera zomwe muli ma suxts.

Maboditi oyera oyera azungu azikhala yankho lonse. Njirayi idasiya pafupifupi chilichonse. Mwakuti mkati mwake musawonekere kusatopa, mutha "kusewera" ndikumaliza kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zotere. Mwachitsanzo, makomawo amalekanitsidwa ndi imvi yoyera, yoyera yoyikika kuti igonetse kapeti wakuda, kukongoletsa chipindacho ndi mapangidwe ofiira (thaulo) pamunsi wapadera. Kuchokera mumsampha, poyamba, tsatanetsatane wa zodzikongoletsera zosiyanasiyana zidakhala zogwirizana.

Njira yowoneka bwino komanso yamakono - mafashoni akuda okhala ndi zokongola. Kupuula kotereku sikungayang'ane konse kwachikale ndi template. Itha kuyikika motsutsana ndi makoma oyera ndi amuna omwewo kuti akwaniritse zosiyana. Pafupi ndi bidet wakuda, ndibwino kuyika chimbudzi mu kapangidwe ka mtundu womwewo.

Zosangalatsa komanso zowoneka bwino zowoneka bwino. Komanso, zotsalazo sizingakhale kapangidwe konse, koma kokha gawo lake lakunja. Chipangizo choyambirira chotere chitha kukhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi chimbudzi chokongoletsedwa munjira yomweyo.

Neat yoyera ndi chosakanizika pansi pa bronze kapena golide Mogwirizana ndi mlengalenga wa bafa yotsika mtengo.

Kanema wotsatira, mukuyembekezera malangizo opita ndi gawo pokhazikitsa fayilo yoyimitsidwa ndi manja anu.