Moyo wokhala ndi biotechlogy ndikukhala katswiri wochita bwino m'munda uno akhoza kupita patsogolo pazasayansi ngati chemistry ndi biology. Iyenera kukonzekera ntchito yamtsogolo pasadakhale, koma musanayambe kuthana - yemwe ali biotechnologist komanso zomwe zikuchitika.
Mawonekedwe a ntchitoyi
Achinyamata ndi atsikana ambiri sayansi amakopa mfundo yoti iyi ndiye ntchito yamtsogolo. Pali mwayi waukulu woti zinthu zitheke, zimathandizira kukula kwa gawo ndipo kumangochita chinthu chosangalatsa komanso chokondedwa. Amakhulupirira kuti ntchitoyi ndi yamakono ndipo imakhala ndi ziyembekezo zabwino. Koma mbiri yazomera ya akatswiri iyi imakhazikika m'mbuyomu.
Mafotokozedwe ake akuwonetsa kuti lingaliro la "biotechnology" limamveka kuchokera mu 1917 kuchokera mkamwa mwa injini ya Hingary ya Charles Ereki.
Sayansi iyi imaphatikizanso njira mwatsatanetsatane miyoyo yathu, chifukwa zimayang'ana mbali zambiri - mankhwala, ukadaulo, luso, mafakitale. M'malo mwake, subiteknology imatha kudzipeza m'malo osiyanasiyana a moyo wathu, zonse zimatengera kuti zimakopeka kwambiri komanso zomwe angakwaniritse luso.
Katswiri wotereyu amatha kupita patsogolo m'malo osiyanasiyana:
- Microbiology;
- ma genetics;
- chemistry;
- Mabizinesi a maselo ndi ma cell;
- chilengedwe;
- Makampani azakudya;
- mankhwala.
Zochita za akatswirizi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi njira zatsopano zothandizira zakudya zosiyanasiyana, kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zodziwika m'maphikidwe atsopano, ndikupanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kufunika kofunikira kwa mbiri iyi kumachitika ndi mankhwala komanso zingapo maphunziro okhudzana ndi dera lino. Makamaka, chifukwa cha njira zina, mutha kuyika matenda olondola panthawi.
Maudindo
Ntchito zaukadaulo za akatswiri azachipatala zimatha kusintha kwambiri kutengera komwe katswiriyu amagwira ntchito.
- Ngati izi zimalumikizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, zikuchitika pakupanga maganizidwe, kusintha kwawo, kusintha, ngati kuli kotheka. Mwanjira yabwino - kukhazikitsa matekinoloje atsopano opanga, kusintha kwa m'mbuyomu. Ikupanganso malipoti onse ofunikira pakupukutira. Popeza iyi ndi njira yodalirika - kupangidwa kwa mankhwala, mavitamini, zowonjezera zakudya, sulichnologist ilibe ufulu wolakwika. Ndikofunikira kumvetsera mwachidwi komanso ndi udindo m'derali.
- Tidapereka kuti biotenogy idadzipereka pakufufuza, amatenga nawo mbali m'njira zosiyanasiyana, amakonza zolembedwa. Pakachitika zolakwika komanso zolakwika, zimagwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kugwiranso ntchito zokhudzana ndi.
- Gootechnologist imatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi chilengedwe. Kenako amatsatira chilengedwe, kuwongolera kutaya zinyalala, kumawunikira mpweya ndi madzi, kukulitsa zochitika zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusintha kwachilengedwe, komanso kuwunikira zomwe akuphedwa.
- Katswiri wazachilendo amatha kudzipeza yekha m'makampani azakudya. Ndipo kenako udindo wake ndi monga momwe zimagwirira ntchito bwino kwambiri pazomangira ndi zinthu, kutsatira njira zonse zabwino, komanso kukula kwa maphikidwe atsopano ndi matekinoloje, kuwadziwitsa ku moyo wonse.
- Ndipo katswiri uyu akhoza kufunidwa. Pankhaniyi, amatenga nthawi yobereketsa, kusiya ma hybrid atsopano, zotukuka kumatanthawuza kuthana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, komanso njira zopangira zokolola zambiri.
Chidziwitso ndi Luso
Ntchito ya biotechnology imafuna kudziwa zambiri m'minda yosiyanasiyana. Ndipo izi ndi izi, zoyambira zamankhwala zamankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, chilichonse cha madera amafunikira chidziwitso chake. Ngati katswiri wa zamankhwala, ndiye kuti ukudziwa thupi la munthu, kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalozo. Pakugulitsa zakudya, ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse bwino zomwe zidapangidwazo, zigawo zawo, zomwe zili zofunikira komanso zovulaza, dziwani ukadaulo wonse wophika mbale zambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa chidziwitso chochuluka m'minda yosiyanasiyana, katswiriyu ayenera kukhala ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yomwe ingamuthandize komanso pantchito, komanso yomanga ntchito. Izi ndi monga:
- makamaka;
- Kuleza mtima;
- Zoyipa kwambiri;
- Kutha kupenda mfundo zingapo;
- kuthekera kuwongolera nkhaniyi;
- Kuyesetsa kudzilimbitsa;
- Kutha kuteteza malingaliro awo;
- Kufuna kukonza dziko lapansi ndi moyo wa munthu;
- Chikhumbo chofuna kufika nthawi zonse;
- Kuleza Mtima;
- Kutha kupeza kulumikizana ndi anthu.
Munjira yantchito sikungakhale kosalala. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa malingaliro amoyo, gawo lonse lazidziwitso ndi luso la akatswiri, muyenera kukonzekera kuti nkhani zina zizitha kuzimiririka ndi anthu - osati mu gulu lawo lokha, komanso m'malo osiyanasiyana. Makamaka pankhani yasayansi yopeza ndi kafukufuku wazachipatala. Ndipo, zikutanthauza kuti luso lopanga malingaliro awo, momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino kuwafotokozera.
Kudziwa chilankhulo cha Russia ndipo kulankhula bwino ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Mukamalankhula ndi anzanu akunja a akatswiri azopanda, lidzakhalanso osalembedwa komanso Chingerezi.
Maphunziro
Kuti mumvetse bwino ntchito ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, muyenera kumaliza makalasi 11 Chifukwa chake, ndi malo omwe mungalembeko zikhale zofunika kusankha pasadakhale, motero, ndikofunikira kudziwa za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito munthawiyo. Izi zili choncho Biotechnology imatha kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo cha minda yosiyanasiyana . Koma musanachitike mayeso anzeru, ndikofunikira kulabadira nkhani zofunika, dzazani mipata ngati zilipo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pasukulu ndi biology kapena chemirry yomwe panali zovuta, institute kapena yunivesite sizikhala zosavuta. M'malo mwake, maziko a chidziwitso ayenera kukhala olimba. Kusukulu, kuwonjezera pa masamu ndi Russia, monga zinthu zowonjezera, zimadutsa biology, chemistry, Chingerezi. Ku Russia, pa akatswiri akuzungulira, amaphunzitsidwa m'mabungwe ambiri ophunzitsa. M'mizinda ikuluikulu, miliri yam'maderayi imatha kudziwa kuti itheka kuti ithe kupeza luso lofunikira. Mabungwe ophunzitsirawa atha kutchulidwa kuti: mwachitsanzo, izi:
- Moscow State University Lomonosov;
- RESIY DECRARICICA ARRARARILURILINE;
- Woyamba ku Moscow Starcial University. I. M. Mechenov;
- Moscow State University of kupanga;
- Institute of TesticIal Technologies ndi chakudya cha bioioindest;
- Moscow vanico-telcle Institute.
- National Kafukufuku wa Polytechnic University (Tomsk);
- Yul Federal University. B. N. Yeltsin (Yelterinburg).
Goomechtsecidalogist ndi ntchito yovuta, yofunika kukonzekera kwambiri komanso kukonzekera bwino. Chifukwa chake, ataganiza zodzipereka pantchito imeneyi, muyenera kupita ku bungwe lalikulu la maphunziro. Koma ngati zinthu zayamba, ndipo nditamaliza maphunziro, ndidatha kupeza maphunziro ku koleji kapena yaukadaulo, mutha kusintha zapadera komanso kulembetsa ku yunivesite kapena Institute. Koma ndiye kuti mudzafunika kudutsa mayeso omwe amafunikira mukalowa mu bungwe linalake. Chidziwitsochi chiyenera kudziwika patsamba la Universite of University pachaka cholandirira. Itha kukhala masamu, chemistry, biology, fishics, Chirasha ndi Chingerezi. Akatswiri omwe akugwira kale ntchito ku bizinesi kapena kampani yomwe ikuchitika mu ntchito yophunzitsira, pitani pamagawo osiyanasiyana, misonkhano, misonkhano, koma idzalumikizidwa kale ndi gawo lomwe likuchita bwino kupangidwa ndi kukwaniritsa bwino.
Zimagwira kuti?
Ntchitoyi ikufunika, pali chiyembekezo chachikulu kumbuyo kwake, ndipo ngati mukufuna, mutha kukhala ntchito yabwino. Katswiri wachichepere pambuyo pa Institute amatha kugwira ntchito ngati wothandizira labotale mu labotale mu labotale, komwe amapangira zovuta. Kupanga mankhwala, mwinanso kumakhala mthandizi. Ponena za ntchito yonseyo, itha kukhala institute yofufuzira, mabungwe azachipatala, amagwira ntchito, makampani okhudzana ndi kutetezedwa kwachilengedwe, mabizinesi a chakudya.
Malipiro a katswiri woterowo amadalira zomwe zachitika, Rigprise, dera lokhalamo ndipo, inde, mtundu wa ntchito. Wantchito wofunika nthawi zonse amazindikira ndikuthandizira pa ntchito yogwira ntchito mokwanira komanso malipiro oyenera. Choyamba, mphotho ya ntchito ikhoza kukhala ma ruble 25 mpaka 30,000, ndipo atakwera kwambiri. Pafupifupi, ku Russia, malipiro a katswiri amasiyanasiyana ma ruble 25,000 mpaka 50,000. Mu Moscow ndi mizinda ina yayikulu, imatha kukhala yokwezeka kwambiri.
