Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm XIX xyoo pua, nws xaws ib yam kom xaj lossis kho nws tsis yog rau txhua tus tos txais tus nqi txuas ntxiv. Hmoov zoo, lub tshuab xaws ko taw ko taw tau tshwm sim, uas ua rau lub neej ntawm ntau lub hostesses. Sij hawm dhau los, nws pib txhim kho, uas pab tsim cov tswv yim tiag tiag.
Zaj liv xwm
Lub tshuab xaws khau tsis tau muaj ntau nta thiab kab los siv nws hauv lub studio tshwj xeeb. Tab sis ua haujlwm hauv tsev, xws li lub tshuab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Ua haujlwm nrog tus taw taw, ob txhais tes nyob ywj pheej, uas tau tso cai kom ceev cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.
Nws tau paub tias Tus tsim ntawm tus qauv no los ua Yiac tus hu nkauj Cov. Nws yog nws uas tau ua li ntawd cov kws xaws khaub ncaws tuaj yeem txav cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov lus qhia sib txawv thiab tsim cov lus txawv txawv. Nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm tus taw tsav, cov nqaws tau pib kom zoo dua, uas nrawm dua txoj haujlwm.
Thiab nws kuj tau paub tias Muaj lwm tus tsim ntawm tshuab xaws nrog ko taw ua yeeb yam, tab sis lawv tsis poob rau keeb kwm. Qhov tseeb yog tias rau kev pom zoo tso cai ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los them tus patent uas Isaac cov neeg txhawb nqa tsis tau tsim cov qauv tshiab.
Tus tsim tawm ntawm lub tshuab tau ua kom cov koob txav ntsug ntsug, thiab tsis tav toj, zoo li nws tau nyob rau hauv cov qauv yav dhau los. Tom qab ntawd nws txhim kho lub cuab yeej nrog lub paw tshwj xeeb, uas Kell Kelned. Vim tias cov txheej txheem no, daim ntaub tau sau thiab tsiv tawm dawb rau hauv cov kev coj ua uas cov Tailors yuav xa nws.
3 xyoos tom qab tsim cov thawj tus qauv, Zinger nrhiav nws lub tuam txhab Qhov twg cov qauv siab tau tsim tau lawm, nrog kev pab ntawm uas cov seams uas ua tau thiab nws nrawm dua. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov tshuab luam ntawv pib muag hauv kev teeb tsa, nws tau ua rau lawv them tsis taus tsis yog kev nplua nuj xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov neeg ib yam nkaus xwb. Yog vim li cas lub tuam txhab tau txais cov koob meej loj, thiab tom qab ob peb xyoos tom qab qhib ntawm thawj lub Hoobkas, lwm tus tau tshwm sim, thiab nyob rau txawv teb chaws.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau tseg tias ISAAC sim lub koob meej: Tom qab tag nrho cov tshuab xaws nrog ib txhais taw tsav tshwm nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm XIX xyoo, thiab qee cov qauv tseem ua haujlwm.
Tus Neeg Siv Phau Ntawv
Ntau tus tswv tseem nyob ko taw tshuab xaws, Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub nws cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
- Txhawm rau pib nrog, nws tsim nyog tau lub tshuab nws tus kheej, uas yog ua rau hauv lub rooj-txee Cov. Rau qhov no, pem hauv ntej valve nce, lub tshuab taub hau tau rub tawm, thiab tias nws ruaj khov, lub valve yog qis dua.
- Muaj ib lub npoo ntawm lub log pib, uas mus nrog rau qhov khoob Cov. Nws muab tso rau ntawm nws txoj siv sia txuas txuas rau lub pulley ntawm flywheel nrog lub launcher. Vim qhov no, kev sib hloov tshwm sim.
- Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nws yog tas li nias ntawm ko taw pedals , ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm qhov kev txav ntawm oscillatory tshwm sim. Qhov no pib tig tus pas nrig sib txuas thiab crank, lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, siv lub log launching.
- Txhawm rau sau cov xov, koj yuav tsum tau rewind nws los ntawm cov kauj hla ntawm Bobbin Cov. Rau qhov no, chev yog ntsia rau saum lub tshuab. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum qhib cov xov qaum, sau thiab rub tawm cov xov hauv qab. Thaum kawg ntawm cov xov sab saud thiab qis dua koj yuav tsum pib qab lub paw.
Ua haujlwm rau cov tshuab luam ntawv xws li tsim nyog ua raws li kev nyab xeeb.
- Saib xyuas qhov txav ntawm tes thiab txhais ceg. Yog tias kev taw tes yog qhov tsis nkag, ces koj tuaj yeem lwj cov khoom.
- Tom qab ua tiav txoj siv sia, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tua nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb cov saw, thiab Nws yog tau los hnav nws tsuas yog ua ntej pib xaws. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tuav nws kom tsis txhob raug mob.
- Txhawb nqa xov rau rab koob, ua raws li ceg - Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ntawm lub pedals.
Yog tias koj ua raws li txoj cai kev nyab xeeb, ces qhov tiav lawm tuaj yeem sewn hauv lub sijhawm luv.
Tus tshiab no ua ntej yuav nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab xaws nrog tus taw tsav. Yog vim li cas Txhawm rau kawm seb yuav tswj hwm cov kev txav ntawm tes thiab txhais ceg, pib nrog nws sib ntaus, tsuas yog ua haujlwm tawm ntawm lub pedals.
Kev kho
Lub tshuab xaws khau yog heev cumbersome, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm kev rhuav tshem, nws tsis yooj yim rau luag mus rau hauv lub rhiav. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg uas tseem siv tus qauv no yuav tsum paub kho nws nyob hauv tsev.
- Qhia screws Cov. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tsis muaj zog lub xauv ceev - lub Horn tseem ceeb yog qhov haum. Tom ntej no, tus tswj kav hlau ntswj ib ce zoo li yuav raug tsis lees txais los ntawm cov ntsia hlau txais. Yog tias kev kho tsis tau tsim tawm tau ntev, tom qab ntawd tsis muaj 6 lub ntsej muag tus yuam sij, nws tsis zoo li yuav ua rau cov ntsia hlau, feem ntau yog, nws yog qhov zoo rau lub txaj vim tias cov roj thiab hmoov av. Cov xwm txheej tom ntej yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav kom huv cov ntsia hlau cane ntawm cov ntsia hlau, ntub nrog roj thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw.
- Kho cov ntshav. Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov khob, uas los ntawm tus taw tsav, koj yuav tsum tau nruj clamp ib lub khob hliav qab. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua ncua ntau vim tias qhov teeb meem yuav tshwm dua. Yog tias, tom qab clamping lub khob hliav qab, lub khob tsis ploj, nws yuav, nws los ntawm lwm cov ntawm cov flypheel uas txoj hlua ntawm txoj hlua txuas. Muab cov node yuav tsum ua kom zoo zoo, vim tias cov pob khawm no yog cov kabmob. Yog tias nws yog tag nrho, tom qab ntawd koj tsuas yog yuav tsum ntub nws nrog cov roj nplua nyeem tshwj xeeb, kho qhov sib txawv. Txwv tsis pub, cov kabmob yuav tau hloov lub tshiab.
- Hloov cov tsav tsav. Rau ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, txoj siv sia yog hnav, yog li nws yog feem ntau. Txoj siv sia tiag yog ua los ntawm cov qoob loo nyoos, tab sis nws tuaj yeem hloov nrog cov hlua khi loj lossis tawv tawv. Yog tias koj tsis xav tau mess ib puag ncig, txoj siv sia rau tus taw ko taw muaj ib txwm yuav tau tom hauv khw tshwj xeeb. Yog tias txoj siv tawv tawg, thiab yam tsis tau ua tiav, nws tuaj yeem xa nrog cov ntawv sau tseg.
Qhov tseeb, txhua yam yog yooj yim heev, yog li muaj kev sib tsoo koj tuaj yeem tiv taus koj tus kheej.
Ntau yam
Muaj ob peb lub tshuab xaws zoo-ua qauv nrog tus taw tsav.Singer.
Cov qauv antique no yog thawj zaug uas tau thov rau tsav ko taw. Nws tau hais tias cov khoom siv hlau tau siv rau kev tsim khoom. Los ntawm txoj kev, yog tias ib tug neeg muaj cov ntawv luam xws li, ces koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas seb cov hlau puas muaj tiag Cov. Ua li no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog coj cov hlau nplaum rau cov hlau hlau. Yog tias cov hlau nplaum tsis yog cov nplaum, tom qab ntawd muaj qhov tseeb ntawm cov hlau (kub, nyiaj lossis palladium). Tus nqi ntawm Singer Xaws Machine yog siab, tab sis ntau ntawm lawv tau txais kom ntxiv retostil.
Soviet tsheb nrog ib tab
Hauv USSR, ntau txoj kev xaiv rau ko taw ideuat tau ua. Xws li tus qauv yooj yim vim hais tias Nyob rau hauv chav tsev nws tuaj yeem pab tau raws li ib lub rooj noj mov ib txwm muaj. Thiab yog tias koj xav tau xaws ib yam dab tsi, tom qab ntawd lub txee yooj yim daim quav. Thiab tseem koj tuaj yeem ntxiv txhua yam koj xav tau ntawm xaws.
Los ntawm txoj kev, lub tshuab footing nrog ntau hom ntawm cov ntaub (flax, cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom siv hluavtaws, cov kab xev - ncaj qha thiab zigzag.
Tshuab xaws hom "seagull". Nws tau txais kev pab tsuas yog ncaj qha thiab zigzag kab. Nws tsis tau siv cov muaj koob meej heev, vim tias muaj lawv cov teeb meem - qhov tsis muaj qib tshwj xeeb rov qab.
Lub npe paub Soviet Soviet "podolsk" yog cov nyiam ntawm ntau yam kev deb. Ntxiv rau ntawm kab ncaj thiab zigzag, nws yog tau ua kom ua cov kab hniav zoo nkauj.
"Orsha"
Lub feature ntawm cov qauv "SSHA" yog Qhov Nruab Nrab Roj nplua thiab Semi-automat Winding xov ntawm Bobbin.
Npauj npaim.
Cov qauv no yog kev tsim khoom Suav, tab sis nws tuaj yeem yuav hauv txhua lub nroog ntawm USSR. Lub tshuab Suav no tau saib hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub rooj nrog ob lub thawv rov qab. Nws tau ua tiav txoj kev ua tiav ntawm thawj tus neeg hu nkauj ntaus ntawv.
Txog rau hnub tim, xaws xaws nrog tus taw taw tsuas yog muas tau hauv cov khw muag khoom qub lossis lwm tus neeg hauv lub xeev siv. Tab sis, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias daim ntawv xaws cov qauv raug txhim kho txhua txhua xyoo, cov kab sib xyaw kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua ntawm cov tshuab siv tshuab. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog yuav tsum tau nias kom zoo rau lub pedals thiab tswj qhov kev txav ntawm tes thiab txhais ceg.
Hais txog yuav ua li cas thiaj li yuav kawm ua luaj li cas rau lub tshuab ntaus ntawv nrog tus taw tsav, saib cov video hauv qab no.