Cov neeg saintcrall nyiam ua kom zoo nkauj lawv tus kheej. Thaum xub thawj nws tau yooj yim wreaths thiab caj dab los ntawm cov xim qaim, tom qab ntawd plhaub thiab cov zaub mov zoo nkauj. Tom qab ntawd, tib neeg tau kawm yuav ua li cas coj ntuj, feem ntau unbroken muaju kom lawv los ua khoom muaj nuj nqis tiag. Kab lus no peb yuav tham txog sapphires.
Yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
Sapphire yog ib qho zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab kim tshaj plaws ntuj gems, thiab nws yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm, txij thaum ib tus neeg kawm paub yuav ua li cas thiaj li kho cov kua muaj ntuj.
Sapphire, nrog rau nws cov kwv yees ruby, hais txog corundum - ntxhia ntawm cov uas yog cov ees tsis zoo, uas yog pleev xim rau hauv cov xim sib txawv. Paub qhov txawv ntawm cov thiab fantasy sapphires. Thawj pab yog cov muaju ntawm xim xiav ntawm ntau yam ntxoov ntxoo. Zoo, tus thib ob yog ntaus nqi rau txhua lwm cov yeeb yaj kiab, tsuas yog khib-liab - cov no yog rubies.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb muaj nuj nqis yog kwv yees, suav nrog sapphires, yog qhov ntxoov ntxoo, xim xim thiab teeb pom kev. Tus txheem teeb tsa rau cov Sapphires tsis muaj nyob hauv kev sib txuas nrog ntau cov xim. Thiab rau cov muaju xiav classic zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cornfflower - cov xim ntawm sapphires mined hauv Kashmir.
Cov yam ntxwv lub cev ntawm Corunda
| Ntsuas | Lub ntsiab |
| Muaj pes tsawg | Txhuas oxide nrog ntau yam suav nrog |
| Moos hardness | 9 (Thib Ob Tom Qab Pob Zeb Diamond) |
| Rau pob tshab | Sib txawv los ntawm opaque rau pob tshab |
| Ntom ntom, G / CM3 | 3.95 - 4.0 |
| Refractive cem Coefficient | 1.766 - 1,774. |
| Hluav Taws Xob Kev Tshaj Tawm | dielectric |
Sapphires tau txiav txim siab muaj zog heev talismism. Ntau qhov chaw sau uas lawv pab los ntawm qhov muag tsis zoo, puas tsuaj thiab kev dag ntxias, ua rau pom kev txawj ntse thiab siab. Nws tau nyiam hnav Navigators thiab cov neeg ncig tebchaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv nyiam Steria pob zeb (hnub qub sapphires).
Nws tseem ntseeg tias kev coj ntawm Corundum tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm cov neeg muaj kev txom nyem los ntawm insomnia, rheumatism, Epilepsy thiab ntau yam kis tau.
Dab tsi yog qhov ntxoov ntxoo nyob ntawm?
Cov xim ntawm lub pob zeb nyob ntawm nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txawm tias qhov muaj feem me me ntawm cov impurities yuav radically hloov cov xim thiab purity ntawm sapphire.Cov nyhuv ntawm impurities ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntxhia
| Kev tsis loj | Pob zeb Xim |
| Titanium thiab Hlau Salts | Xiav, xiav, Bluish Grey |
| Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm titanium | Xim kab ntxwv |
| Oxide Vanadium | Liab doog lossis liab |
| Cov ntsiab lus hlau ntau ntxiv | Sine-ntsuab |
| Nickel oxide | Xim daj |
| Magnesium, Zinc thiab Cobalt Salts | Xim ntsuab |
| Chromium, hlau thiab titanium ntsev | Paj yeeb, ntshav, lilac |
| Hematite (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lamellar muaju) | Xim kas fes |
| Yuav luag tag nrho tsis tuaj yeem ua txawv teb chaws | Tsis muaj kob, dawb |
Xim xim loj nyob ntawm tus naj npawb thiab feem pua piv ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Raws li cov qauv yooj yim dua, cov xim xiav tau muab faib ua lub pob zeb ci, nruab nrab thiab lub teeb ci. Cov kws tshaj lij yog siv thaum ntsuas cov muaju ntawm 5 degrees ntawm lub teeb yuag thiab 3 pawg ntawm surmation.
Lub ntsiab xim gamma
Cov xim sapphires yog ntawm ntau cov xim, tsis suav, raws li twb tau hais los saum toj no, cov xim liab.
Qhov khoom kim tshaj plaws yog lub pob zeb uas noo, ua raws li los ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm pinkish-txiv kab ntxwv ", uas txhais tau tias" Qis liab muaju. Daj pob tshab sapphires thiab xiav opaque asterias (pob zeb, nyob rau hauv av ntawm ib daim duab ntawm ib daim duab ntawm ib daim duab ntawm 6- lossis 12 lub hnub qub yog pom kom pom tseeb) nyob ntawm qhov thib 4 hauv tus nqi siab. Cov Kauj Ruam Hauv qab no yog txiv kab ntxwv, ntsuab, ntshav gems, raws li sapphires nrog Alexandrit effect - uas yog, hloov xim raws li qhov teeb pom kev zoo. Kev lag luam yog pheej yig dua li cov pob zeb tsis muaj xim, nrog rau cov xim dub thiab lub hnub qub yooj yim. Qhov tseeb, tsis yog qhov tseeb hu rau dub sapphires dub - lawv yog xiav, tsuas yog vim tias lub siab saturation ntawm cov xim lawv zoo li tsaus thiab opaque.
Qee zaum muaj cov muaju, ib feem ntawm cov xim, piv txwv li, xiav, thiab tus thib ob - nyob rau hauv lwm yam, daj. Xws li cov pob zeb no hu ua Polychrome, lossis multicolored, lawv yog qhov txaus siab heev vim yog qhov tsis tshua muaj.
Yuav xaiv li cas?
Thaum xaiv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog cov khoom muaj nqis lossis pob zeb zoo nkauj, xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj lees paub lub ntuj qub ntawm cov ntxhia. Tam sim no, ntau lub pob zeb muaj nuj nqis loj hlob artificially hauv autoclaves. Lub qhov muag liab qab yog tsis yooj yim sua kom paub qhov txawv lawv los ntawm ntuj. Tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv tus nqi, vim tias ntuj sapphires yog kim heev, thiab qhov no twb tau tsim kev cuam tshuam loj rau txhua yam ntawm cov neeg dag ntxias. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab txog daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab cov kis ntawm cov pob zeb loj, tsis txhob tub nkeeg los xaj kev tshuaj xyuas, vim tias nws yooj yim heev rau dag.
Muaj ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los xyuas lub ntuj ntawm lub pob zeb: ncaj qha lub teeb ntawm lub teeb ultraviolet ntawm nws. Ntuj muaj muaj tseeb nyob rau tib lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau ntsuab, thiab hluavtaws - tsis muaj.
Thaum saib daim ntawv pov thawj, them sai sai rau kev ntsuas ntawm pob zeb, piv txwv, 1/2. Thawj daim duab qhia tias cov xim ntawm pob zeb (1 - xiav), thiab qhov thib ob - cov lus qhia zoo (vam txog qib ntawm cov siv lead ua). Cov khoom lag luam zoo ntawm tsuas yog 4. Thawj suav nrog cov pob zeb ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws purity thiab pob tshab, nyob rau hauv uas muaj kev coj tsis xws. Qhov thib ob muaj pob tshab sapphires nrog kev tsis zoo - nrog qhov tsis xws me lossis nrog cov xim muaj ntau. Hauv opaque pob zeb ntawm cov qeb thib peb, qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem pom nrog lub qhov muag liab qab. Zoo, plaub pab pawg suav nrog Turbid muaju nrog cov lus luv luv.
Tsis tas li, tsis txhob hnov qab pom, muaj ib lub pob zeb rau cov ua kom zoo lossis tsis yog. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov zoo, feem ntau ntuj sapphires yog kho mob sov, uas yog, rhuab. Qhov no tso cai rau koj hloov cov xim ntawm lub pob zeb, nce nws cov pob tshab, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lub zog ntawm lub cev ntawm cov ntxhia, qhov kev kho no tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm kev kho lub neej zoo tshaj li kho.
Saib ntawm lub pob zeb ntawm lub teeb, ntuj zoo tshaj. Sab hauv cov siv lead ua, microcacks tuaj yeem pom tau, uas txo tau qhov zoo, thiab, raws li, tus nqi ntawm lub pob zeb. Npaum tus txiav pob zeb txiav. Qee zaum vim kev ua tsis raug cai lossis kev sib tsoo tsis ncaj ncees, cov tsos ntawm lub pov haum zoo li sau, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho nws cov kev zoo nkauj.
Tus nqi ntawm cov muaju kuj yog siab nyob ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm lawv ntau lawm. Qhov uas kim tshaj plaws yog cov pob zeb mined nyob rau hauv Kashmir, ntawm Sri Lanka thiab hauv Tanzania. Burmese thiab Thaib muaju tau ua raws li los ntawm tus thib ob. Tom ntej no - mined nyob rau hauv txhua lwm lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, tsuas yog Australia, raws li Australian sapphires nyob ntawm cov kab ntsuas qis ntawm cov zaub mov no. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias Kashmir tso nyiaj tau raug tsim thiab kaw. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias Federation muaj kuj tseem muaj ob peb daim teb chaws corundov - ntawm Kola ceg av qab teb (xiav, ntsuab, pob zeb (grey-xiav).
Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv Russia, xws li nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, corundes tsim tawm, vim tias cov pob zeb no tau thov tsuas yog hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, nrog rau ntau yam kev lag luam.
Hais txog cov khoom ntawm sapphire yog piav qhia hauv qab no.