Lrack - Zaj Lus Qhia Zoo rau ntau yam txij li thaum yau. Thiab nyob rau hauv neeg laus, nws tuaj yeem kawg thiab txawm tias ua lub peev txheej ntawm cov nyiaj tau los. Nws tsis tas yuav siv cov qauv yas ntawm txhua qhov, vim cov khoom lag luam rau muaj tswv hnub no muaj qhov sib txawv. Piv txwv li, nws muaj peev xwm siv txias Suav - maj, mos, ua yeeb yam, tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev pom zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev sib txawv.
Dab tsi ua rau Suav?
Txias plooj (veethain yog hu ua yas loj rau kev ua qauv, uas yog raws ntawm pob kws lossis qos yaj saub, raws li pva lo. Vim tias sab nraud sib xws nrog cov plooj (veneers), qhov no tau hu ua.
Tsuas yog tias koj piv cov nplaum loj nrog tus thawj, nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias daim phiaj hniav txias txias, thiab nws solidifies nws nyob rau hauv chav tsev sov li qub.
Thiab nws yog qhov zoo, vim hais tias txawm tias tib lub hnab yas tseem khaws cov plasticity, txawm tias muaj kev ua kom pom tseeb.
Dab tsi yog cov khoom haum ntawm cov plooj corcelax:
- Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los npaj, yog li ntawd nws tuaj yeem npaj tom tsev;
- Tag nrho cov khoom siv pheej yig, vim hais tias cov kev nyiam ua yog twv yuav raug hu tsis hu ua kim heev;
- Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj kev nyab xeeb txawm tias menyuam yaus - koj tuaj yeem faib cov kev nyiam ua nrog lawv;
- Cov ntawv sau tau ntawm yoog raws li nws khov;
- Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj kev ntxhib thiab zoo nkauj;
- Tsuas yog ua haujlwm nrog nws;
- Nws muaj me ntsis shrinkage thaum ziab;
- Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj cov plasticity siab.
Keeb kwm ntawm cov cell (veecel) qub Nws ntseeg tau tias nws tau tshwm sim hauv lub xyoo pua XIX hauv Argentina. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw post-Soviet, xws li nco tau ntau cov muaj koob meej hauv ntau xyoo. Cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus ua haujlwm nrog nws. Nws tsim tshwj xeeb cov khoom lag luam paj ntau. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tus tswv uas tus tswv ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov zaws ntawm Mass nws: nws tsis yog yuav cov ntawv npaj txhij ua hauv lub khw, tab sis siv ib qho lossis lwm daim ntawv qhia. Daim ntawv qhia classic rau cov kab mob txias rau txias zoo li no:
- 200 cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab (pob kws / qos);
- 200 g ntawm pva kua nplaum (qee zaum hloov los ntawm wallpaper kua nplaum);
- 1 teaspoon glycerin;
- 1 teaspoon ntawm Vaseline;
- 1 teaspoon ntawm txiv qaub kua txiv.
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tuaj yeem nqa ib qho, tab sis cov khoom ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev xaiv uas koj tau xaiv. Piv txwv li, ntxiv pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, koj yuav ua kom haum du, homogeneous, visually creamy yog cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws. Tab sis thaum siv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, qhov sib xyaw yuav kis tau pob tshab, thiab nws yuav yog kev ntxhib los mos. Yuav muaj kev xav tias cov suab thaj nplej tau ntxiv rau hauv av. Xws li kev sib tov, los ntawm txoj kev, tab tom npaj sai.
Zoo meej yog tias koj siv ob hom hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Yog li koj yuav tau txais 2 txoj kev xaiv: rau cov xim, pleev xim rau ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tab sis lub ntsiab kev sib xyaw ua ke tau ua los ntawm av nplaum nrog qos hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Cov kua nplaum tseem tseem ceeb, ntau tus masters nyiam yuav cov kua nplaum nrog lub tshuab yas.
Glycerin yog siv vim tias nws hygroscopicity, nws txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem rub ya raws. Yog li ntawd, nws tau yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog kev sib xyaw, nws yuav tsis lo rau daim tawv nqaij. Thiab glycerin zoo kawg copes nrog lub luag haujlwm ntawm emulsifier thiab tuab. Vaseline xav tau los txhim kho cov tshuab ua khob noom cookie. Yog tias tus tswv tsis kam lees paub xws li, tom qab ntawd thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qhov loj yuav tsuas tawg.
Yog li ntawd cov av (porcelain) tsis yog pwm, coj me ntsis rau dej kua txiv qaub.
Qee cov zaub mov qhia pom tias kev tsim cov phiaj hniav raws li cov dej qab zib, hauv qhov no lub dej qab zib yuav hloov cov kua tiv khoom - kua nplaum. Ntxiv mus, qee tus masters muab los xaiv qhov kev xaiv no los tsim cov kev xaiv ntsej muag, vim tias qhov loj raws li cov khoom siv dag ntxias ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv, lawv saib kom muaj tiag.
Yuav ua li cas ua rau microwave?
Cov tuam Tshoj txias koj tuaj yeem rhaub hauv txoj kev txheem, tab sis qee zaum hauv tsev nws yooj yim kom siv lub microwave. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog coj cov thawv uas tsim nyog uas tau tso cai kom sov hauv lub qhov cub microwave. Rau kev tsim cov loj, lawv yuav xav tau:
- Tsim nyog (tsim nyog uas koj yuav tsis siv rau kev ua noj);
- beaker;
- Khoom zaj duab xis;
- Cov hnab looj tes muag hnab looj tes (tuaj yeem hloov nrog polyethylene);
- Scotch;
- Yas Thawv;
- Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce roj (lossis zaub).
Ua ntej, tus Wizard yuav ntsuas cov kua nplaum raws li kev ntsuas tshuaj, tom qab nws ntxiv rau hauv lub thawv huv, npaj-rau-rau-ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd cov me nyuam diav, ntsuas lub glycerin, vaserine, ntxiv rau cov kua nplaum. Tom ntej no, nyem txiv qaub kua txiv txiv qaub, kuj ntxiv rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sib xyaw tag nrho cov kua cov khoom siv zoo heev. Ntsuas cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab raws li daim ntawv qhia, sib tov sib xyaw. Tom ntej no, muab cov thawv ntim rau hauv qhov cub microwave, ua rau lub zog txwv hauv nws. Pib cua sov. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom sov cov muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog ib txoj hauv kev, koj yuav tsum tau coj qhov khoob txhua 15-20 feeb.
Tom qab kev tshawb nrhiav, microwave hloov tawm, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txais, sib xyaw thiab rov tso rau hauv qhov qhab nia. Nws yuav tsum tau rov ua dua kom txog thaum lub khob noom cookie tau mus txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab tsis thicken. Lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb yog qhov nyuaj hais, vim tias nws yog nyob ntawm seb microwave twg nyob hauv tsev (nws lub hwj chim thiab txawm tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm phab ntsa yog qhov tseem ceeb).
Hauv cov chav kawm rau cov pib tshiab, cov kev ua noj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav, tab sis feem ntau tsis tau hais txog ib co lees txog ib qho tau txais cov neeg txom nyem uas tsis zoo rau kev ua qauv.
Cov Lus Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Kev Ua Noj Ntxhua Plua Plua Plua Plua Plav Hauv MICROWERE Rauv:
- Tom qab ua cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm lub micringave, qee tus masters tam sim ntawd muab cov khoom muag muag tam sim ntawd, tab sis yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua kom pom kev yooj yim;
- Qhov ntau koj muaj cov tshuaj nplaum rau ntawm kuv txhais tes, lub pob txha caj dab, daim porcelain yuav tig tawm, cov xim yuav ua rau nws muag;
- Nws tshwm sim hais tias thawj zaug ua noj sib xyaw hauv lub microwave ua rau kev zom - zoo heev cov roj hmab uas tuaj yeem muab pov tseg, tsuas yog los ntawm kev txhim kho cov tes nrog kua nplaum;
- Slices ntawm cov sib tov uas koj coj los ntawm lub microwave cub, yog qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm - qhov kawg ntawm kev ua txhaum, yog li tsis txhob tsoo ib daim hauv celesophane tsis muaj qhov, khi thiab muab tso rau hauv dej txias , kom sov cov ncuav mog qab zib ncaj qha hauv pob.
Yog tias qhov loj tau siav kom raug, nws yuav tsis lo rau ntawm txhais tes, thiab yog tias txhais tes yog lubricated nrog cream, ces daim porcelain yuav swb, racking rau hauv ib txheej nyias nyias.
Pib pleev duab puab, koj yuav pom tias, piv txwv li, cov nplaim paj yuav tsis pib ntswj, yuav ua kom cov duab. Cov ntsiab lus tseem zoo nrog ib leeg, tsis txhob poob.
Kev npaj ntawm qhov sib tov ntawm lub phaj
Ua cov khoom muag muag - cov txheej txheem muaj tswv yim nws tus kheej. Alsitation thiab ua noj, hloov zaub mov txawv ntawm tus sau cov qauv yog txaus nyiam. Ntau tus masters nrog kev paub nkag siab tias Ua haujlwm hauv tsev muaj pes tsawg dua li muag cov khoom rau kev muaj tswv yim Thiab txawm tias cov uas muaj cov chav kawm nrov master master. Vim tias cov kev paub ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib piv, hloov kho rau cov zaub mov txawv thiab ntawm kev soj ntsuam kom ua rau koj tus kheej, uas yog tsim nyog rau koj.
Cov ntawv qhia qauv duab nrog ua noj ua haus ntawm lub qhov cub:
- Pob kws Starch - 150 g;
- Dawb tes qab zib - 1 teaspoon;
- Glycerin - 1 teaspoon;
- Dej - 100 ml;
- PVA lo - 150 ml;
- Yias (zoo, yog hais tias rau kev tsim cov khaub noom capalacin koj yuav muaj lub yias cais).
Tus Xib Hwb chav kawm ntawm kev nyuaj tshwj xeeb tsis sawv cev.
- Siv ib saucepan, sib tov tag nrho cov kua cov khoom xyaw hauv nws, do lawv zoo.
- Ua kom sov qhov hluav taws kub nruab nrab hauv qab cov kua ntses, rhaub cov sib tov ntawm nws kom txog thaum muaj kev sib xyaw, ua ntu zus, tsis tu ncua nplawm qhov hnyav.
- Ntxiv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab me ntsis, tsis muaj ceasing los do cov khoom siv.
- Khaws cov sib tov ntawm hluav taws thaum nws tsis thicken.
- Tom ntej no, tau txais cov tshuaj kub muaj pes tsawg leeg, muab tso rau ntawm cov phuam da dej.
- Zoo nkauj qhwv cov ntawv sau hauv phuam, muab qhov sib xyaw kom sib xyaw raws li lub khob noom cookie ib txwm mus txog thaum nws txias.
- Tom qab ntawd, txoj phuam tuaj yeem muab tshem tawm thiab txuas ntxiv sib xyaw nrog koj txhais tes.
- Koj yuav tsum sib tov rau ntev kom txog thaum cov dej sib tov ua mos muag kom txog thaum nws nres nrog txhais tes. Tom qab ntawd, nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv lub hnab yas.
Muaj cov zaub mov teeb meem. Piv txwv li, cov hauv qab no:
- 1 kg ntawm ntaub kua txiv hmab;
- 0.5 kg ntawm pob kws partch;
- 1 tablespoon ntawm sodium benzoate;
- 1 tablespoon ntawm stearic acid;
- 1 tablespoon ntawm kev emulsion rau cov tshuaj dawb ntawm kev sim (nws yog feem ntau hloov xim xim dawb);
- 1 tablespoon ntawm txiv qaub kua txiv;
- 2 spoons ntawm glycerol;
- 3 spoons ntawm vaseline.
Npaj cov sib tov sib xyaw thiab qhov nruab nrab, thiab ntawm hluav taws tsis muaj zog. Tsis muaj ib tug universal pawg sab laj - koj yuav tsum sim thiab sib piv. Yog tias koj rhaub rau ntawm lub qhov kub tsis muaj zog, koj yuav tsum tau do cov khoom sib xyaw nrog rab diav ntoo. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub sijhawm ua noj ua haus yog lub sijhawm thaum lub khob noom cookie pib khawb los ntawm cov pans phab ntsa. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua noj muaj ntau-theem: Ua ntej, cov muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ib qho qab zib, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov tuab dua li cov tuab tuab hauv pawg. Thaum lub khob noom cookie lags tom qab ntawm phab ntsa, tshem tawm ntawm hluav taws. Nteg tawm ntawm Worktop thiab qhov chaw rau lub xeev ntawm smoothness thiab plastonity. Thiab pob tshab, thiab cov kab xev Opaque tau npaj rau ntawm lub qhov cub yuav luag zoo li qub, tab sis muaj pes tsawg leeg sib xyaw yuav txawv.
Chaw ntim khoom
Ib lo lus nug tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv uas cov pib feem ntau yuam kev, cia ntawm corcele corcelain. Thawj thiab tseem ceeb yuam kev yog kev khaws cia ntawm qhov zoo sib xws hauv lub tub yees. Yog tias nws tsoo hauv qhov txias, nws yuav pib tawg, yuav poob nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo (suav nrog viscosity). Tom qab ntawd, txias Tuam Tshoj yog qhov ua tsis tau. Xav txog qhov piv txwv no yooj yim: yog tias koj tso cov kua nplaum pva ib txwm rau hauv lub tub yees, tom qab koj yuav pom tias nws tsis hnov tsw rau dej thiab "tsev cheese." Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv txias hlwb yuav txog tib yam.
Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev xaiv khaws cia zoo tshaj plaws rau hauv tsev nplaum loj yuav nyob hauv pob. Ntim lub khob noom cookie, ua ib pob lossis tig kom tig kom cov cua tuaj yeem ua tau. Yog tias huab cua nkag mus rau hauv pob, daim phiaj porcelain yuav tau sau. Thiab koj yuav tsum tsis txhob khaws cov khw ua khob noom cookie hauv qhov tsaus ntuj - qhov no yog fraught nrog nceb nrog lub tsev. Yog hais tias fungus "yuav tawm tsam" rau Tuam Tshoj, qhov loj yuav ua cov nplaum thiab tsis zoo. Thiab yog tias qhov no tshwm sim nrog kev sim, nws yuav tsis txuag ib qho cream. Cov plooj (porcelain muab qhwv rau hauv polyethylene yooj yim dua xa rau hauv cov thawv yas, kaw kom nruj nrog lub hau. Zoo, ua ntej cov zaj duab xis zaub mov, qhov no tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Nws nco txog huab cua, vim tias nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm hauv nws ntev.
Cov khoom siv txias plooj (plooj (cov khoom siv raj tsom iav yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm:
- ya raws (thaum wets lawv yog ntsiag to thiab tsis tas li tau txais cov hom pib);
- Kev tshav ntuj ncaj qha (txwv tsis pub cov khoom lag luam tsis tau txais kev tawm tsam, thiab cov xim yog tsuas yog tawm hws);
- Frost thiab txias - tsawg kub yuav ua Tuam Tshoj tsis taus, thiab txawm kov nws tuaj yeem ua rau huab;
- Muaj zog ntxiv - thiab nws cov khoom lag luam kev hem, vim nws cuam tshuam, nws tuaj yeem poob lub ntsej muag qub (piv txwv li, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom siv paj los ntawm cov raj txias txias hauv chav dej).
Tab sis kom ntxiv cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev pheej hmoo thiab ruaj khov, nws yuav tsum tau them nrog varsnish.
Thiab nws tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas nws yuav siv varnish: koj tuaj yeem siv kev kos duab, thiab acrylic, thiab aerosol. Tab sis ib lacquer zoo dua yog tsis tau coj - nws tsuas yog ib qho kev raug mob. Qee tus craftSwomen siv cov xim tsis muaj xim ntsia hlau txhuam. Tiamsis Yog tias koj tau them nrog cov khoom siv kua roj varnish, tsoo lub caij yuav tsis muaj kev vam meej , hloov pauv tau ploj.
Txij li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov loj, cov khoom los ntawm cov plooj (plooj plooj (plooj plooj (vee) tuaj yeem txaus siab rau kab - thiab lub sijhawm no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Txawm tias cov tshuaj tiv tshuaj uas tau siv rau hauv cov zaub mov txawv yuav tsis tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kab. Yog tias koj tab tom yuav muag plooj (vencelain, koj xav tau daim ntaub ntswg, ib daim ntaub qhwv lossis txhuam txhuam tawv. Plua hmoov tuaj yeem muaj tshuab nyob rau hauv ib tug hairdryer, tab sis ua tib zoo nrog qhov ntsuas kub. Yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi cia li tuav rau cov khoom, nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau txhuam nws, kev ua qias tuaj yeem ua rau cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib qho xwm txheej, ib daim kab xev nplaum kom tu cov khaub ncaws yog qhov haum.
Ntawm chav kawm, Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem yuam kev tawg lossis lacquered kom tawg ib daig. Cov. Feem ntau, qhov xwm txheej txuag superciles (tsuas yog xaiv cov kev xaiv uas nws txoj kev xaiv yog tsim nyog rau cov yas, thiab tsim nyog pob tshab). Cov khoom tiav yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv ib lub thawv cais tsis muaj sib xyaw nrog lwm cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj.
Txhua cov khoom lag luam yog cov cim los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev nkees nkees, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog hnav cov khoom dai kom zoo los ntawm cov khaub ncaws lossis tshem tawm lub taub hau tshem tawm.
Txog yuav ua li cas ua txias Suav nrog koj tus kheej tes, saib cov vis dis aus tom ntej.