A factory a birnin Semenov, located 70 kilomita daga Nizhny Novgorod, sa Matryoshek shahara a duk duniya. Ta hanyar da m Rasha tsaraba, Semenovsky zanen da aka yi da kasa al'adu. Kuma da wurin haihuwa ya zama kauyen Merinovo, ba da nisa daga Semenov. Game da yadda za a Semenov Matryoshka tashi da kuma zanen, game da yau matsayi na sana'a, da kuma a Bugu da kari, game da bayani dalla-dalla na zanen m - mu gaya mana a cikin labarin.
mahanga zanen
Semenovsky Matryoshka tsaye kuma daga cikin sauran na da cewa shi ne Multi-girma kuma ya hada da 15-18 Figures iri dabam-dabam a cikin launi. Wannan matryoshka da fure dress da fentin zanen aljihu. Magatakarda Semenov Matryoshka, ba wadannan wasu sharudda.
Dalili na Semenovsky zanen ne m, ma'ana, manyan furanni da cewa lashe Rowan berries, bakuna, da maki kuma kananan flower. Sau da yawa, Matryoshka daga Semenov ne idan aka kwatanta da Sergievskaya: su ne irin wannan, amma da kaskanta kayayyakin daga Semenov ne mafi ornamental.
A Master of Nizhny Novgorod mayar da hankali a kan abin da ake kira grassy tsoho Rasha ado.
Domin Matreysk Semenovsky zanen peculiar:
- gagarumin girma na inoperated itace;
- Front da 'yar tsana da a kan wanda manyan furanni suna kõma.
- Blue, rawaya da kuma jan - da launi dominance na abin da ya kamata daidaituwa shige zuwa cikin rajista na shawl, da gaba-gaba na matryoshki, sundress.
- da jeri na bangaren na wurin da furannin a kan gaba-gaba da kadan biya diyya a gefen dama.
- Kunna aiki a da matryoshka jũya daga cikin mafi haƙƙin na dokokin ƙa'idar (idan aka kwatanta da Sergievskaya), tare da mun gwada bakin ciki a kan dabbobi.
Har 1953, Semenov Matryoshki yana cikin inuwa daga cikin Zagorskiy da Sergievsky, amma a karon farko bugawa da iyaka, suka fara gasa da mafi shahara samfurori. Kuma kishi ya m - m, m kisa da Semenovsky zanen taimake tsana kara mabukaci bukatar.
Tarihin asali
Semenovsky Matryoshka da Merinovskaya ne guda? Masana kimiyya tsunduma a gudanar da bincike a fagen art tarihi har yanzu jayayya da bai zo guda yanke shawara. Amma a gaskiya wannan irin kamun kifi ne babu shakka.
A ƙarshen XIX karni, da Rasha Movie artist S. E. Malyutin kawo daga birnin Honshu (Japan) zuwa Rasha Figurine na Friendly Balded Old Tag hikima Fukurum. A Abramtsevo, S. E. Malyutina bayyana a m shirin. Ya tuna game da na'ura-sanya Easter qwai (sunan qwai yanke daga itace), wanda aka saka cikin daya zuwa wani. Malyutin gayyace zuwa aikin Tokary V. Star, kuma suka hade sanya wani itace 'yar tsana, wanda a yau a duniya da aka sani a matsayin mai matryoshka. Yana da aka yi a cikin image na uwa, a cikin kogo na da 7 'ya'ya mata boye, kuma na karshe, 8th, ya wakilta mai daskarewa baby.
Matrena girgiza kowa a 1900 World Paris Nunin. Masters na gargajiya sana'ar kamun kifaye zama da ban sha'awa sosai ga wannan abun wasa. Rasha ya kafa yawan cibiyoyin ta samar. Daya daga cikinsu shi karamin gari na Semenov, located 70 kilomita daga N. Novgorod.
A kurãme Nizhny Novgorod Forest bawul, da mazauna na Old Muminai, wanda sai ya zama birni. Ya ya shahara ga zanen a kan wani itace, da ake kira "Golden Khokhloma".
Daga baya, kamar a 1924, a Semenov fara wasa daga itace da fenti da yar tsana, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin Semenov Mattushka, domin shi za a bambanta daga Polykho-Maidan da Zagorskaya.
A kauyen Merinovo aka located kilomita 8 daga Semenov. Sipter Tokary A. Vigina aka kawo daga Sergiev Posad Katako yar tsana (wani mutum da wani gashin baki da kuma gemu), fentin a wani ma'auni launi. The master nan da nan ya yanke shawarar kaifafa 'yar tsana ya kunshi 2 abubuwa saka a matsayin Easter qwai, daya a cikin wani. Saboda haka suka fara da haihuwar Semenov Matryoshka. A farko ta fentin a wani m launi, sa'an nan da Turner sanya wani m, kyawawan kuma bearded baƙauye da wani m mutumin a cikin hula da kuma gashi.
Duk da haka, da gaske tabbata da Semenov Matryoshka da kuma gano ta image na iyali na Masters A. Majorov. Ya labarin ne irin wannan. Master, ziyartar N. Novgorod, ya kawo wani marsa wanki katako yar tsana-blank daga gaskiya. 'Yarsa da Lyuba, ta hanyar da gashin tsuntsu, ya bugi duk contours mata, da kuma bayan zanen da tassel da aniline dyes. A kai, ta fentin Rasha Kokoshnik, kuma a tsakiyar sanya wani haske da ban tsoro flower, kama da chamomile. A gaskiya, da makamai ya juya talakawa m yar tsana daga gaskiya zuwa Great Rasha alama. Sai ya zama a irin wannan hanya da kuma fara ci gaba da cin Semenov Matryoshka.
City Matryoshka
Daga kauyen Doll motsa zuwa birnin Semenov. Shuffosleman da Birzhevik D. V. Sirotkin sansanonin da School of Artistic jiyya na Wood (Skach). Yana tana da sana'a artist, a master of art Crafts na P. Matveyev. A shekara ta 1925, Matrechny Artel fara aiki, a cikin abin da masu digiri suna aiki. A artel farko sõyayya ba fiye da mutane 20, akasarinsu a dunƙule. Sa'an nan kuma, a kan tushen da artel, jama'a nazarinsa suna kafa. Matryoshek samar ƙaruwa. A shekara ta 1929, da artel na wasan yara Masters zama m. A 1932, sai ta fara da za a kira da Art Factory "Semenovsky zanen".
Mutane da yawa Matren aka sanya tun wannan lokacin, amma akwai da daya kadai da cewa babu wanda ya zarce. A shekarar 1970, sun yi wani voliv ruwan inabi da kyau na mita tsawo, diamita 0.5 mita da kuma wani bango kauri daga 0.5-0.6 millimeters, ciki har da 72 tsana. A taro na wannan neposk ne kimanin 30 kilo. Artists a zanen da ya zama da wuya sosai. Ta aka jera a cikin Guinness Littafi na Records, da kuma a yau ta tsaya a Jamus. Wannan ba tsororuwar ga shugabanninmu. Daga kasar na rãnã tanã bayyana, an aikace-aikace da aka amfani ga Volga Beauty tsawo na 180 santimita.
Semenov ta Masters zai yi da shi, bayan da suka sami wani roving itace.
Matryoshka a cikin zamani duniya
A halin yanzu, da Semenovsky factory karkashin sunan "Trading House Semenovsky Zanen LLC (da sunan da aka sau da yawa canza saboda m rikirkida) da aka samu nasarar aiki da kuma ƙera, tare da wani iri-iri kayayyakin, a manyan tsari selection na matryoshek. Designers, kuma artists wannan factory halitta quite mai yawa m, sau da yawa m tsana.
Cikin siffar wani zamani katako wasa, a auna kira Matrychka, a yau da fasali na Khokhloma, Merinovskaya da Fedoseevsky Mutane ta Rospis aka tattara. Matryoshki, kerarre a Semenovsky Fentin House LLC, diverge a sassa daban daban na duniya - a cikin UAE, Ingila, Jamus, Faransa, Canada, da sauransu.
Masters daga cikin shahararrun factory sanya babban amfani ga mayar da hankali a kan muhalli kayayyakin: high quality-itace (Birch kuma Linden), aniline, gouache, m, da ciwon takardar shaidar da varnish. Wajibi ne a designate cewa lacquer ne mafi muhimmanci kashi na nestres, domin Semenovsky factory an samar a kan wani musamman domin. A sakamakon, Semenov Matryoshki saya da wani musamman kwanyarsa, arziki da kuma m ga tabawa irin zane.
A shekara ta 2017, da Museum Museum da kuma na gargajiya toys suka buɗe. A gidan kayan gargajiya ya ƙunshi classic samfurori, yana nuna yadda Visdino Semenovsky zanen, kazalika da ɗan littafinsa matryoshka da tsarabobi, Sabuwar Shekara ta kayayyakin. Za ka iya saya da wata azãba, mai marmaro alkalami, a vanka-tsayawar, kyauta abun da ke ciki "Teremok" da sauransu.
Rasha matryoshka ne mai real mu'ujiza na duniya. A halin yanzu - domin dalilin cewa shi ne, akwai, da kuma za su kasance wani mutum hannuwanku. A mu'ujiza haske - saboda ban mamaki abun wasa alama ce kasar mu tafiya a ko'ina cikin duniya, kuma babu kan iyakoki don shi.
Tarihi gagarumin kamun kifi, girmama da shekaru, ya zama Kada ka zauna kawai a archives da kuma tarin na gidajen tarihi. A saboda wannan dalili, an buɗe wurare da yawa a kasarmu da ke nufin koyar da zanen katako na gargajiya. Kuma wannan babban gudummawa ga adanawa da rarraba al'adun fasahar fasahar.
