A cikin nisa da ya gabata, sana'ar matukin jirgi ya kasance yana halin hadari da babban haɗari don rayuwa. Duk da haka yara da yawa suna niyyar cin nasara da sararin sama. Abin takaici, ba kowa bane ya sami nasarar gane wannan mafarkin zuwa gaskiya. Bayan haka, lokacin sojoji sun zo, lokacin da duk wanda ke son kare ƙasar na iya zama matukin jirgi, da ya zartar da matsatsin yanayin karatu. Iyaye da kakanni zuwa yau sun ba da labarai game da ƙarfin hali, girmamawa, ƙarfin hali na matukan jirgi. Kuma bayan yaƙin, fim ɗin Soviet "ma'aikatan sikila" wanda ke nuna rikicewar aikin matukan jirgi na zirga-zirgar.
A shekarar 2016, fim din "An" jirgin "zuwa hanyar ta zamani, bayan da juyo don shiga makarantar jirgin sama ya karu sau da yawa. Kuma wannan abin lura ne, ba mutane bane kawai, amma kuma girlsan mata sun faɗi cikin adadin matukan jirgi na gaba.
Puliarities
Matukin jirgi dan kwararru ne wanda yake da ilimin ka'idodi da aiki a fagen soja da kuma gudanar da aikin jirgin saman jirgin saman farar hula. A wannan yanayin, muna magana ne game da ƙananan jirgin sama, helikofta da manyan "Boeing". Ga yawancin mutane, kalmomin taurari "da matukin jirgin sama" da matukin jirgi "da alama kalmomin. Amma idan kun yi tunani, waɗannan dabi'u guda biyu suna nuna ƙirar da yawa. Ana kiran matukan jirgi masu ƙwararrun waɗanda ke sarrafa jirgin saman farar hula. Matukan jirgi suna zaune a bayan helm na ƙwayoyin soja.
Gabaɗaya, matukan jirgi sun kasance masu ƙwarewa sosai, daga abin da ba kawai adana kayayyaki bane, har ma da amincin fasinjoji. A wurin matukan jirgi manyan nauyi ne, zai iya jimre wa kowa. A cikin Cibiyar Cemots a Hukumar da ke cikin jirgin, da kuma na gabatar da kwamandan jirgin, da navitator da injiniyan jirgin.
A cikin taron na halin da ake ciki, suna magance matsalar tare, kuma idan ya cancanta, suna neman taimako ga hanyoyin sarrafa zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga da ke tallafawa haɗi daga ƙasa.
Tabbas mutane da yawa sun ji furannin "matukin jirgin daga Allah" ko kuma "maimakon fuka-fukan fikafikan." Wasu sunce suna yabon magana metaphor, amma idan kun yi tunani game da shi, amma idan komai "don" da "a bayyane cewa waɗannan kalmomi ne - bayanin da ake yi na wasu matukan jirgi. Misali, direban don gudanar da motar sa ya kamata ya ji motar. Kuma matukin jirgi dole ne ya ji dukan jirgin ruwan, kowane ɗayan kayan sa, wanda mutane ke karantawa. Don haka matukan jirgin ba sana'a bane, amma kira ne.
Don sarrafa jirgin sama, ya zama dole a san bukatun fasaha da ƙa'idodin jiragen sama. Ka iya maida hankali, bi lafiyar lafiyar jiki, ci gaban kai. Kowane shekara dole ne a bunkasa jirgin sama, kuma dole ne matukin jirgi ya fahimci strest iko. Don wannan, matukan jirgi dole ne a kai ziyarar aiki a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai don karbar takardar shaidar.
Da yawa alama cewa aikin matukin jirgi sun haɗa da jirgin saman jirgin daga wannan batun zuwa wani. Amma a zahiri, sun shirya jirgin sama zuwa jirgin ruwa, bi aikin duk hanyoyin tsarin yayin jirgin, fitar da saukarwa. Kowane na biyu na lokacin aiki yana da alaƙa da matsakaicin taro da haɗin kai, saboda ba su amsa ba kawai don amincinsu ba, har ma da rayuwar fasinjojin da suke zaune a ɗakin.
Ba za a iya ƙalubalantar da aikin matukan jirgi ba. Kuma wannan babban nauyin ya shafi biyan ma'aikata. Ko da matukan jirgi masu ƙarancin lokacin da aka yiwa adadin simbin sakandare suka karɓi albashi mai mahimmanci, sau da yawa sama da matsakaicin albashi na injiniyoyi na yau da kullun.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Ma'aikatan matukin jirgi ne - mai ban sha'awa, amma hadaddun. Ba kowa bane zai iya jimre wa ayyukan da aka sanya wa matukan jirgi. amma Tare da sanin mai hankali da wannan sana'a, zaku iya rarraba duka bangarorin da marasa kyau. Fa'idodin suna nufin martani. An yaba da matukan jirgi a kowane birni a kowace ƙasa. Suna da babban matakin samun kudin shiga. Matukan jirgi koyaushe suna cikin buƙata a kasuwar ma'aikata. An samar musu da cikakken kunshin zamantakewa. A shekarun su na yin ritaya na zuwa ne, maimakon samar da daidaitattun ka'idodi.
Rashin daidaituwa babbar hakki ne, tsananin tsaurara, ci gaba da tallafi ga lafiya da yanayin jiki, hadadden cikin ƙirƙirar dangi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, matukan jirgi kusan kullum a sararin sama. Ana iya aika su zuwa jiragen saman ƙasa na ƙasa da daɗewa ba tare da shigar da tashar jirgin saman Node fiye da wata ɗaya ba. Dangane da haka, kowace mace zata iya jimrewa.
Fannoni
Zuwa yau, akwai wasu nau'ikan hanyoyin sufuri, waɗanda mai nema dole ne ya zabi abin da ya fi ƙarfin. Nationaramar jirgin sama yana cikin babban buƙata. Ana horar da matukan jirgi mai zuwa, bayan kammala karatun suna karɓar lasisin kasuwanci, godiya ga abin da zasu iya samun aiki a cikin kowane jirgin sama. Ba tare da haukan jirgin sama ba, matukin jirgi da farko ana ɗaukarsu wani waje da aiki a matsayin mataimaki. A madadin haka, zaku iya ɗaukar hanya ta karatu a cikin motar jirgin sama. Amma a wannan yanayin, kwararre zai sami hakkin gudanar da karamin kotunan.
More hadaddun hadaddun shine jagorancin zirga-zirga na soja. Sabis a cikin Sojan Sama ya ci gaba da muhimmanci sosai kuma yana da haɗari fiye da zirga-zirga na kasuwanci. Wadanda suka zabi aikin soja za su yanke shawara a kan jirgin. Wani ya fi so, wani bamber, yana sha'awar jirgin sama na leken asiri, da na hudu zabi yabbai a duk. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole don tantance a gaba, tun yayin da karatun zai fahimci abubuwan da ke cikin jirgin sama. Don samun sana'ar jirgin jirgi, ya zama dole a yi amfani da ɗayan hanyoyi da yawa. Na farko yana nuna hidimar a cikin sojoji. Bayan wucewa Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya, Kwamfutar hannu tana karbar alkibun zuwa sashi. Amma wannan hanyar ba koyaushe take dacewa ba, tunda an nuna nau'ikan sojoji daban daban a cikin shugabanci. Na biyu shine mafi aminci. Ya nuna kasawa ga makarantar jirgin sama.
Mai ban sha'awa shine jagorar gwajin jirgin. Koyaya, ƙwarewar wannan yanki ƙanana ne a yau. Wannan ba a haɗa shi da haɗarin sana'a ba, amma tare da karamin adadin jirgin ruwan soja da aka halitta. Soja na soja ya fi son bayar da damar gwajin sababbin kayayyaki masu tabbatar da ingantattun kwararru, kuma ba sauran sababbi ba, kawai suna tare da karatun su. Babban aikin matukan jirgi shine gwajin sabon jirgin sama. Sun bayyana ribobi da kuma tsarin kamfanoni, nuna yiwuwar kasawa da masu zanen kaya dole su yi daidai. Kuma kawai bayan ƙimar kimantawa na hukumar, jirgin ruwan soja sun ƙaddamar da su cikin samarwa.
Ana buƙatar inganci da fasaha.
Matukin jirgi mai wahala ne. Aikinsa sun hada ba kawai isar da fasinjoji daga maki daya zuwa wani, amma kuma cikakken bincika tsarin jirgin sama da jirgin sama da lokacin saukarwa. Jerin Motocin Parin Parminots sun haɗa da waɗannan buƙatun:
- Ikon tsara shirye-shiryen gaba ɗaya zuwa jirgin.
- Ilimin tb;
- Aiwatar jirgin sama a cikin mummunan yanayi;
- da ikon gudanar da bincike na meteorologic;
- ikon dakatar da ayyukan barazanar da fasinjoji;
- dacewar bayanai;
- Don in iya watsa abubuwan da ke cikin jirgin tare da ma'aikatan jirgin.
Tare da matukin jirgi na farko, matukin jirgi na biyu yana cikin jirgin saman farar hula. Dole ne ya san ka'idodin shirye-shiryen shirin don tashi, don fahimtar shirin jirgin, ku san lokacin kewayawa, zai iya yin kewayawa kewayawa da sauran kayan aiki a cikin koko. Matukakkun jirgi na biyu ya kamata ya san sassan jirgin sama ta amfani da atomatik da kuma ƙwarewar Naxigator, tun lokacin da ba ya haifar da matukin jirgi na biyu.
Gabaɗaya, sana'ar matukin jirgi bai dace da kowa ba, amma kawai waɗanda ke da maganganu, sun bambanta cikin nutsuwa, a cikin yanayin mahaukaci. Matukin jirgi dole ne ya sami babban matakin hankali da kyakkyawan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kyakkyawan hangen nesa da yanayin lafiyar jiki. Haihuwar matukin matukin jirgi ya ƙunshi daidai daidai da ikon dan lokaci don yin ayyukan guda. Wannan sana'a ana karni ga mutane masu cin zarafin kayan aikin da ke tattare da kayan kwalliya, juyayi, hankali da cututtuka.
Baya ga abubuwan kiwon lafiya, matukin jirgi a cikin wani yanayi ya kamata ya sami rikodin laifi, hukuncin gudanarwa. Bai kamata a cinye abubuwa na giya ba kuma narcotics abubuwa.
Na kai
An gabatar da matukan jirgin sama ba kawai ta hanyar ƙwararru ba, har ma da na mutum. Jagoranci, zai dauki wajan aikin hukuma, a hankali na yin karatu a hankali a hankali, kamar yadda kimantawa ta jihar ta zama daya daga cikin mahimmin aikin dan kwararrun matasa.
Bugu da ari, babban jerin halayen mutum da ake bukata domin kowane matukan jirgin da aka haɗe:
- taro;
- da sauri dauki;
- Soyayya ga tsayi;
- rashin claustrophobia;
- jagoranci;
- bincike tunani.
Gwani
Ana daukar kwarewar matukan jirgi masu mahimmanci:
- Manufar settlutes na inji da injiniyan lantarki;
- Ilimin fasahar injiniya;
- Fahimtar na'urorin rediyo-lantarki;
- Tsarin Airfield, Filin jirgin saman da kuma saukowa na sauka;
- Fasali fasali na jirgin sama;
- Ka'idar da aiki a fagen injunan jirgin sama;
- Ilmi na Kotun Kotun Kotun Kayan Aiki.
- Sanin lokacin zirga-zirgar iska.
Yaya ake zama?
Skanin Gudanar da Jirgin Sama na faruwa ba haka bane. Kuma an yarda da tsarin ilimin kai ne kawai don sanin ɓangaren ɓangaren asalin. Don samun ƙwarewa masu amfani da matsayin matukin jirgi, ya zama dole don kammala cibiyar ilimi. Lokacin zabar jami'a, mai nema dole ne ya fahimci yadda yake so ya tashi. Ko dai waɗannan sune jirgin ruwa na talakawa don zirga-zirgar fasinja, ko soja ko kayayyakin gwada. Ta hanyar zabar ƙwarewa, zaku iya zaba makaranta. Babban abu shine tuna cewa horo na wucewa kuma tunda ya sami difloma, kuna buƙatar tashi wani adadin sa'o'i da samun nasara a lokacin gwaji. Kuma bayan matukin jirgi na iya fara gina tsare-tsaren don taken jirgin jirgin.
A Rasha, yana yiwuwa a sami ilimin jirgin sama a fagen sakandare na musamman da kuma mafi girma. Idan kun zo koleji, to, gwajin jirgin sama ". Kuma a jami'a da Cibiyar da aka bayar da yawa, ana bayar da karfin gaske - "Aikin hadaddun jirgin sama" da "sarrafa jirgin" ". Don yin rajista a cikin DSU, ya isa ya nuna takardar shaidar, gasa don karɓar sakandare da girma maki. Kuma don shigar da Jami'ar, dole ne ka bi karamin horo, to, za ka wuce amfani, wanda ya hada da Bayanin Rasha, lissafi da Informics. Tsawon lokacin horo a kowane cibiyar ilimi shine shekaru 5. Idan ka yi karatu a jami'ar a sashen da aka rubuta, zai dauki shekaru 6.
Ana bayar da jerin jami'ai, inda ba za ka iya koya ta wurin matukin jirgi ba, amma ya zama ainihin ASC:
- Mai;
- MSTU ta jirgin saman farar hula;
- Cuuns su. Sake girl;
- Serpukhov reshen.
Matukin jirgin shine kwararren kwararru, don haka babu darussan 2 na watanni 2 don ci gaban wannan sana'a. A matsayin ƙarin horo, zaka iya yin rajista zuwa makarantar jirgin "Aeroflot", wanda ya dauki shekaru 2. Koyaya, Aeroflot ya ɗauki 'yan takarar da ke da' yan takarar jirgin sama mafi girma.
Aiki
Wani ya yi imanin cewa sana'a ita ce matukin jirgi a nan gaba ba zai zama cikin buƙata ba. Wane cigaban fasaha ne a cikin nau'in kayan robotic zai ƙi wadatar da mutane sosai daga koko. Amma ba haka bane. A cikin duniyar zamani, babu abin da zai iya maye gurbin ƙwarewar ɗan adam da ƙuduri a cikin jirgin. Bugu da ƙari, injiniyan ƙira kowace shekara suna haɓaka sabbin ƙirar jirgin sama tare da matsakaicin ɗakin kwastomomi. Don haka, alamun matasa yana da kyakkyawar bege.
Tabbas an ba da tabbacin kowane mai nema ga kowane mai nema, wanda ya kammala karatun cibiyar ilimi. Amma nan da nan sami aiki a matsayin matukin jirgi, ƙwararren ƙwararrun ƙwararru ba zai iya ba. Lokacin da hare-hare ya yi kadan, kuma kowane fice zuwa sama sama ta wuce karkashin kulawar wani malami mai gogewa. Aƙalla ɗan ƙwarewa zai yi aiki a cikin kamfanoni kaɗan da aka san, a fuskar mai aikin horo a kan jirgin ƙasa da ƙananan jirgin sama. Kuma tuni bayan shekaru 2, zaku iya cancanci lakabin kwamandan. Kuma a sa'an nan nassi ya buɗe tsani. A hankali yana ci gaba, zai yuwu ka zama shugaban daya daga cikin sassan kamfanin sufurin jirgin sama.
Amma kan kan kantin sayar da matukan jirgi na iya hassada da yawa na kwararrun furofesan wasan kwaikwayo. Misali, Matukan jirgi na Amurka Airline Air Lines suna samun $ 212 a cikin jirgin sama guda ɗaya, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin farantin farantin sama da awanni 65. A cikin Rasha, biyan kuɗi ne ɗan kaɗan, amma idan kun yi hukunci game da mafi ƙarancin lokaci, matukan jirgin sun yi kyau sosai. Misali, matukan da aka san sanannun kamfanin Aeroflot a hours awanni 85 na plaque sun sami 290 dubu na rubles. Idan matukin jirgi yana yin aiki a kan al'ada, to, suna biyan abubuwa da yawa. Dangane da lissafin da aka gabatar, ya bayyana a sarari cewa matsakaicin albashi na matukin jirgi na Rasha shine 250 Dubun dun-jujoji.
Kuma kar ka manta cewa irin wannan sana'a mai mahimmanci yana tare da cikakken kunshin zamantakewa, inshorar inshora.
