A cikin duniyar zamani, aikin injiniyan injiniyar na shirye-shirye shine ɗayan da ya fi nema kuma sun shahara sosai tare da matasa. Wannan sana'a tana nuna haɗuwa da ayyukan hukuma biyu na fannoni biyu: mai shirye-shirye da injiniyan injiniya. Yawancin lokaci mai shirye-shirye shine mutumin da ke aiki cikin ƙirƙirar shafuka daban-daban, kuma injiniyan shine wanda ke gudanar da ƙididdigewa da gina zane.
Don haka, injin mai shirye-shirye wani nau'in halitta ne, wanda ya haɗu da gwaninta da kuma ƙwarewar waɗannan yankuna biyu. A cikin labarinmu zamuyi magana game da abin da injiniyin mai shirye-shirye yana cikin, menene ayyukansa, da kuma halaye su sami mutumin wannan sana'a.
Wanene wancan?
Da farko dai, injiniyanci mai shirye-shirye mutum ne mai yawan ilimi mafi girma, wanda ke da isasshen ilimi duka a fagen inikina da kuma a fannonin shirye-shirye. Aikin kwararren kwararren wannan sana'a ya hada da ƙirƙirar sabbin samfuran bayani da fasahar sadarwa da kuma sanya kirkirar da ta cikin rayuwa. Irin waɗannan samfuran na iya zama software, aikace-aikace daban-daban, wasanni na kan layi da ƙari.
Akwai rarrabuwa daban-daban na ƙwarewar wannan sana'a, kowane rukuni yana da halayenta. A cikin sharuddan gaba ɗaya, mafi girma - rukuni na 1, analogy na jagorancin ƙwararrun masana.
Wannan nau'i guda 2 ne, wannan ƙirar babban ɗan kasuwa ne, kuma mafi ƙasƙanci na ɗakuna - kashi na Turanci, sabon kasashe wanda ba shi da ƙwarewar aiki.
Aikin hukuma
Yi la'akari da cikakken bayani abin da aka haɗa a cikin ƙwarewar injiniyan mai tsarawa, a cikin masana'antar da ke cikin buƙata kuma waɗanne ƙwarewa ne mai dacewa da ma'aikaci mai ƙwararru. Yawancin lokaci, ayyukan irin waɗannan ƙwararru ne sun bambanta dangane da nau'in kamfanin ko kamfani. A wasu kungiyoyi, injiniyanci mai shirye-shirye yana haifar da shirye-shiryen sarrafawa na musamman don injunan CNC (sarrafa tsari). Burinsu yana buƙatar ƙwarewa na musamman a injiniyan software. A wasu kamfanoni, ayyukanta suna da alaƙa da ci gaba da gwaji na software.
Gabaɗaya, bayanin aikin aikin injiniyan na shirin ya ce cewa wannan ƙwararren yana aiki ba kawai ta hanyar ƙirƙirar sabon shirye-shirye ba, har ma ta hanyar gabatar da mahimman shirye-shirye. Har ila yau, injiniyan mai shirye-shirye shine kula da duk bayanan fasaha.
Bugu da kari, wannan umarnin bayar da:
- ci gaban algorithm da shirye-shirye daidai da aikin;
- Rubuta lambar shirin ta amfani da ɗayan yarukan shirye-shirye da rajistan ayyukan ta;
- kimanta aikin software na halitta daidai da sharuɗɗan tunani;
- Gyara na kuskuren code software na gano;
- Ingirƙirar musaya don shirye-shirye, haɓaka tsari na sabuntawar bayanai da juyawa;
- Aiwatar da ayyuka na wani lokaci.
Tabbas, a cikin wannan sana'a, kamar a cikin wani, akwai matakan da zaku iya yin hukunci game da cancantar ma'aikatar kamfanin ko kamfani.
- Mafi yawan matakin farko - Audza, wannan sabon salo ne a cikin wannan sana'ar, wanda ba shi da alhakin komai kuma yana koyo daga wasu ƙwararrun ma'aikata.
- Junior Mai shirye-shirye - Yana da matakin ilimi isa ya magance ayyuka masu sauki. Sakamakon aikinsa kuma manyan abokan aiki ne.
- Mai shirye-shirye - Yana da ingantaccen ƙwarewar ci gaba, yana da ikon jure kusan kowane aiki da kansa. Da alhakin bincika sakamakon sauro, kazalika da aiwatar da ayyukansu.
- Babban Jarumin Jaggawa Jagorewa - Mafi girman matakan kwararrun ma'aikatan "masu shirye-shirye", duka biyu sun san yawancin harsuna na shirye-shirye, suna ɗaukar yanke shawara kan fasahar ci gaba. Koyaya, babban malamin mai fasaha kwararru da yawa a wuraren fasaha, alal misali, kan ci gaban lambar, kuma manyan masu shirye-shirye, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, har yanzu suna cikin sarrafa kungiyar da sadarwa tare da abokan ciniki.
Babban malamin dan adam yana da alhakin aiwatar da kayan fasaha na aikin.
Akwai kuma wani sabon cancantar CIGABA: Tsarin mai shirye-shirye . Wannan mutumin da ke da tsarin aiki da kuma wuraren hadaddun aiki da kuma shirye-shiryen rubuce-rubuce zuwa bayanan bayanai, godiya ga wanda kwamfutar ta fara aiki da sauri kuma kawai. Sadarwar suna cikin manyan kamfanoni da kamfanoni a duk duniya.
Saboda gaskiyar cewa irin wannan nau'in kwararru babban rality ne, mutane irin ƙwararrun ƙwararru ba zai zama da wuya a sami aikin da aka biya sosai a cikin ƙasarmu da waje ba.
Umarni na Musamman don Kariyar aiki, babban abubuwan su kamar haka ne:
- Don samun aikin mai shirye-shirye, ya zama dole a sami shekaru akalla shekaru 18 kuma cancantarsu;
- Don yin aiki a kwamfutar, kwararre dole ne ya san kansa da umarnin a kan aikinta, da kuma samun 1 na rukunin aminci na lantarki;
- Aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowace watanni shida, mutumin wannan sana'a yana wucewa ya sake koyar da amincin amincin aiki.
Buƙatu
A masana'antu daban-daban akwai buƙatun daban-daban game da wanda ya yi da'awar matsayin mai shirye-shirye. A wasu halaye, mutane na iya ɗaukar mutum ba tare da ƙwarewar aiki tare da isasshen tsarin ilimi na musamman ba. Koyaya, don samun injiniyanci injiniyan, kasancewar ilimi ya zama dole. Hakanan, yawancin masana'antu sun gwammace su hayar mutane da kwarewa daga shekaru 1 zuwa 3.Halin ƙwararrun mahimman mahimmancin aiki da halaye na irin waɗannan masu nema. Bari mu mai da hankali kan wannan abun.
Kwarewar kwararru
Wannan yana nufin anan:
- Ilimin harshe na shirye-shirye;
- jawo takardu na ci gaba;
- zabin da ya dace na bayanan da suka dace;
- ikon aiki da kayan aiki;
- Aikace-aikace na ka'idodi na aiki a aiki;
- amfani da fasahar cigaban Rasha da ƙasashen waje;
- Sanin lambar kwadago da dokokin aminci.
Hakanan, masu aiki na mutum na iya yin ƙarin buƙatu don masu neman aiki, wato:
- sanin wasu shirye-shirye;
- da ikon yin babban adadin aiki a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci;
- San takamaiman wannan kamfanin.
Sanin harshen Turanci shima ya zama tilas ga mutum na wannan sana'ar.
Inganci
Don aikin nasara Injiniyan mai shirye-shirye yana buƙatar samun irin waɗannan halayen kamar:
- tunani mai hankali;
- m;
- wani nauyi;
- Haƙuri haƙuri;
- koyo;
- kwarewar aiki.
Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa shirye-shirye na yanzu yana cikin sauri, sababbin harsuna sun bayyana da kuma sabbin fasahar, Wani muhimmin fasalin kwararren kimiyyar kwamfuta shine sauƙin daidaita da yanayin canza cikin sauri, nazarin wani sabon abu da kuma amfani da waɗannan ilimin a aikace. . In ba haka ba, irin wannan ƙwararren masani zai iya jimre da ayyukan.
Ilimi da aiki
Gwanin Injiniyan mai shirye-shirye ana ɗaukar ɗayan da aka biya sosai kuma mai martaba. Kwararru wadanda suka kai babban matakin ilimi a fagen kayan aikin zamani kuma suna da matukar bukatarsu duka a kasarmu da kuma kasashen waje. Koyaya, akwai babbar gasa a kasuwar ma'aikata, kuma ciki har da tsakanin mutanen wannan sana'a, saboda haka, don ciyar da lokaci mai yawa don horo, kuma daga baya a kan ci gaba na ilimi ya samu da dabaru.
Don zama mai shirye-shirye, zaku iya kammala karatun karatun da ya dace. amma Lokuta yayin da maigidan ya ɗauki aikin injiniyanci mai tsarawa wanda ke da darussan da ke kan kafada, har yanzu da wuya . Horon a cikin irin wannan darussan an gudanar da shi cikin watanni daya zuwa uku; Domin a yi rajista a cikin rukunin ɗalibai, ya zama dole a sami mafi girma ɗaya ko na biyu. Hakanan akwai darussan nesa a ƙarshen abin da aka ba da difloma ta bayyana, amma matakin horar da irin wannan kwararrun ya rage a matsayin.
Mafi dama Samun aiki mai kyau a cikin na musamman "Mai watsa shirye-shirye Injiniya" suna da waɗanda suka yi karatunsu daga kwaleji kuma sun sami ilimi na musamman . A zahiri, kwalejin ita ce matakin farko don gano wannan sana'a. A yayin karatunsa, saurayi yana samun isasshen tsarin ilimi akan tsarin ilimin lissafi daban-daban.
Bayan kammala karatu, zai iya shiga jami'a, amma a lokaci guda ya riga ya sami ikon yin aiki don wannan sana'a.
Duk da haka, don samun cancantar injiniyar mai tsarawa, ya zama dole a sami babban ilimi, tunda yawanci kwararren kwararre ne na wannan sana'ar ta gabatar da bukatun mai ƙarfi. Wannan yana haifar da muhimmancin ayyukan da ke hade da shi yana fasahar, da kuma babban mataki na bayanan da samfuran bayanin bayani.
Don samun ƙwararru na musamman a Rasha, ya zama dole don kammala mafi yawan cibiyoyin ilimi a fagen injina "," Tsaro "ko makamancinsu. Wannan yana yiwuwa a kowane jami'in jiki da na lissafi ko fasaha. Anan ga wasu ɗalibai suna samun ilimi a cikin bangarorin da ke zuwa:
- lissafi da injiniya;
- Informatics, Fasaha da kayan aikin ci gaba;
- ci gaban software;
- yin zane da bayanai;
- ayyukan shirin;
- Takaddun shaida da Tabbatar da Software;
- kuma a cikin wasu masu sana'a na sana'a.
Don haka, mafi ƙwarewa da ilimi yana da kwararru a fagen sa fasaha, manyan manyan ƙwararrun zasu iya cimma.
Injiniyan mai shirye-shirye a Rasha na iya samun daga 25 zuwa 200 dubu saukar da aikin hukuma, amma ya zama dole a fahimci cewa albashin yana da bambance-bambance dangane da yankin.
