Nau'in na tunani: Nau'in a tunani dangane mutum na gani da hotuna da kuma dogaro da kai tsaye ji daga abubuwa. Muhawara

Yi tunani, tunani, don sani, ƙirƙiri - a cikin kowannenmu, yanayi ya dage wannan ikon mai ban mamaki. Daga lokacin kwakwalwar ɗan adam tana bayyana akan haske yana fara karanta bayani daga waje duniya, da hadaddun da mulufi na dogon tunani. Mene ne tunani? Jinsunansa da halayensu zasuyi la'akari da wannan labarin.

Babban ra'ayi

Tun zamanin da, mutane sun yi kokarin fahimtar abin da irin tunani, kamar yadda Ya fãra, kamar yadda yake aiki, yadda wannan m inji ayyukansu. Masana kimiyya, da masana falsafa da kokarin bayyana asirin mutum sani da kuma gano wannan ganuwa imperceptible al'amarin. Yawancin magani, littattafai, ayyukan kimiyya da labaran da aka rubuta akan wannan batun. A iyawarsa ta tunani da wani mutum da aka yi karatu da kuma karatu ya zuwa yanzu ta daban-daban kimiyya tarbiyya, amma zama a ƙarshen unknown . Tabbas, ba za mu iya yin mu'ujiza da bayyana irin wannan sabon abu na tunanin mutum ba. Amma dubi wannan ra'ayi daga mahangar m kimiyya da kuma kokarin fahimtar da yawa iri iri na tunani, kuma su halaye.

A cikin ilimin halin mutumci akwai ma'anar tunani da yawa. Tattaunawa game da wannan batun shine m. Babu bukatar ba duk misalai da kwakkwance kowane daga cikinsu a cikin daki-daki.

Babban abu ne cewa hankali ne na musamman kyauta da cewa shi ne muhimmi ne kawai don wani mutum, wannan shi ne wani shafi tunanin mutum da aiwatar da cewa yale mu mu san duniya kewaye da mu. Kwakwalwa yana karanta bayani daga waje, na bincika shi, yana haifar da lamura, a kan tushensu, mutum yana yin ayyuka.

A farkon rayuwar mutum, aiwatar da abin ƙarfafa yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi da ƙayyadadden kallo (ba shakka, kawai a farkon kallo), amma kamar yadda girma da girma), amma kamar girma da girma), amma kamar yadda girma da girma yana ƙara zama mafi rikitarwa. The bayanai tara a kan lokaci sa ya yiwu a raba da kuma takaita, ƙirƙira da kuma dalilin, zane da kuma kayan, ƙirƙiri kuma haifar da , ƙirƙirar saiti mai iyaka na banbanci da haɗuwa na abin da ke faruwa a duniya. Amma tushen duk waɗannan ayyukan shine damar da za ku yi tunanin wannan mutumin. Kuma a tunani akwai irin wannan ra'ayi kamar yadda wani typology na tunani, a cikin abin da shi ne zuwa kashi daban da kuma iri daban-daban, kasu daban-daban kungiyoyin bisa ga wasu siffofin.

Rarrabuwa

A raba batu na nazari a tunani ne rarrabuwa da kuma halayyar tunani. Akwai teburin gani da yawa waɗanda suka mutu da bayanan bayanai game da wannan batun. A cikin yalwarsu yana da wuya a gane da fahimtar duk jigon wannan hadaddun tsarin. Bari mu iya gano wasu rukunoni da dama wadanda masu binciken suke biyan kulawa ta musamman. Main iri tunani:

Ta hanyar abun ciki

Wannan kungiyar hada da:

• vividly tasiri.
• na gani-siffa.
• batu da kuma tasiri.
• Tsokaci-ma'ana tunani.

Bisa ga yanayin da ayyuka

Tunani zai iya zama:

• msar tambayar.
• Practical.

Bisa ga digiri na gani

Akwai irin wannan iri:

• na nazari.
• ilhama.
• idon basira.
• autistic.
• Egocentric.

Bisa ga digiri na sabon abu

Iya zama:

• m.
• Haihuwa, wani lokacin ake kira introverted.

Bisa ga digiri na arbitrariness

Akwai irin wannan iri:

• sabani.
• involuntary.

A daidai da na sirri halaye

iri:

• namiji;
• mace.
• m.
• korau.
• dabarun.
• ƙunshe.
• m.
• m.
• na nazari.
• Rightphan kuma bar-hannunka.
• roba.

Masana kimiyya tsaya fitar da yawa fiye da iri na tunani, dangane da sakamakon adam aiki, ya shafi tunanin mutum jihar, ganewarsu, gaskiya ji, da dai sauransu

Kowace daga cikin wadannan jinsuna cancanci sirri da hankali da kuma aka dauke a cikin tunani dabam, amma za mu yi la'akari ne kawai da sanya sama.

by abun ciki

Daya daga cikin irin arziki selection kasaftawa da masana ilimin tunani ne classified da abun ciki. Wannan kungiyar hada da na gani-tasiri, alama, subjectual tasiri da kuma m ma'ana tunani.

• Babu shakka tasiri tunani . Mutane daya-daya, ta kai tsaye gaskiya, activates irin wannan tunani. Ya mayar da hankali a kan wani takamaiman ji daga abubuwa. Irin wannan tunani da aiki shi ne halayyar farkon lokacin kuruciya da kuma fara ci gaba daga jarirai. A yaro wanda kuma ba zai iya tunani, magana da kuma aikata wani abu kamar yadda ya fara tasawa, nazarin duniya tare da taimakon shãfe su batutuwa da daban-daban gwaje-gwajen da su. Ya jarraba duniya a zahiri ya hakora, wadda take cin su, darkãke su a kan juna, wani lokacin karya. Saboda haka, dauke da fitar kallo, samar da wasu jan tare da abubuwa, a kananan mutum nazarin duniya da kuma sa ta farko da karshe daga kwaikwayo tsiwirwirinsu. A fara tasawa jihar, bayyananne-tasiri sani shi ne halayyar da Manufacturing ma'aikata.
• HASASHEN . Yana dogara ne a kan na gani images. Ya fara ci gaba a yara daga tsakiyar makarantan nasare shekaru, shi ne rinjaye har zuwa karshen farkon makaranta shekaru. An adult ma cikin rayuwar ne kullum tsunduma a gani-siffa ji. The girmamawa a cikin wannan harka da aka sanya su wakilci daban-daban abubuwa, mamaki, yanayi, kazalika da su daban-daban canji da kuma canje a mutum hasashensu.
• Tsokaci-ma'ana tunani . A lokacin da tunani na wannan yanayi, wani mutum aiki m, shagala, wadanda ba takamaiman Concepts. Wannan tsari ya auku a kan wadannan sarkar: fahimta, fahimta, fahimtar, hakan. Wannan shi ne, mutum, fahimta ga kansa da jigon, da ma'anar da kuma muhimmancin wani abu, a sakamakon, Yãna halitta da mutum jimlace da kuma m ra'ayi game abubuwa, mamaki, yanayi mai zaman kanta da sauran 'yan al'umma.
• Subject-tasiri tunani Shi ne halayyar to mutanen da suke an gina da kuma ci gaba da gina duniya kewaye da mu. Da suka fito da ra'ayoyi, embodying su a gaskiya.

Wadannan iri hankali kamar yadda idan matakai, a cikin hãlãye ana kwanciya fitar da hanyar da cigaban dan Adam daga kyallen da gabãnin cikakken samuwar mutum.

Bisa ga yanayin da ayyuka

Dabam, masana ilimin tunani na bayyana da iri da iyawarsa ta tunani dangane da yanayin da kwallaye da ayyuka yi.

• Irfanin tunani . Data kasance dokoki, dokoki, norms, theories, Concepts, darussan - duk wannan da yafi shi ne samfurin na msar tambayar tunani aiwatar da cewa ba ka damar bincika tara ilmi da kuma gabatar, kwatanta su, rarraba da kuma samar da sababbi.
• empirical tunani - A iri-iri ne msar tambayar tunani. Ga shi, wannan siffofin suna halin, amma tare da shi, da babban rawa da za a buga ta hanyar dubawa da jarrabawa a yi, da kuma ba kawai a ka'idar.
• Practical tunani . Duk abin da yake mun gwada sauki a nan: 'ya'yan itãcen ka'idar ake amfani a yi, bari in mataki. Dukan ayyukan, tsare-tsaren, makircinsu, a raga maida msar tambayar Concepts cikin real m gaskiya. A sakamakon irin wannan tunani, da disembodied ra'ayin ta hanyar mataki daukan kan ri siffar.

Bisa ga digiri na gani

Tafakkuri - a look at kansa, a ciki da kanta, zurfi a cikin ya sani, kazalika a kan sakamakon da kansa ayyukansu, da sake tunani.

Yanã fizge tufarsu daga wannan ra'ayi, Psychologists sun gano wani rukuni na tunani.

• hikimar tantance tunani . Shi ne iya raba abubuwa, mamaki, yanayi da kuma matsaloli a kan wani ɓangare, nuna rubutu da karatu mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu. Mun lura, kwatanta, mun sami causal dangantaka, mu zana karshe, sami babban abu da kuma fafitikar yawa bayanai saboda hikimar tantance damar iya yin komai. Aiwatar da irin wannan aiki shi ne tsawo da kuma m.
• ilhama tunani Don wasu har wani antipode na nazari, kamar yadda ya wuce da sauri, kuma a sume. Akwai ba dabaru kuma bincike kuma akalla wasu m bayani ga abin da karshe na sanya mutum ya sani a lokacin da diraya.
• idon basira tunani . Babu wani abin shaida - akwai wani addini. A idon basira ji na gaskiya ya ba mutum damar zaton sensitly, soberly, mayalwaci da kuma ma'ana. A cikin shakka daga irin wannan tunani tsari, wani mutum bai canja sirri tsammanin da kuma son zuciyarsa, ya bincika duniya kewaye da mu ne kawai daga mahangar gaskiya, gaskiya da kuma adalci zargi.
• Autistical tunani , A maimakon haka, yana sanya kawayeniya zũciyõyinsu ga shugaban kusurwa, alama daidai da m, ko da sun kasance da dabaru. Babu m kima na gaskiya a cikin irin wannan fahimta. Mutane na wannan wani sito na tunani sukan samu a cikin m shugabanci na aiki da kuma a cikin art.
• Egocentric tunani Bunƙasa a yara da kuma manya a tare da overpriced kai girma, wuce kima yarda da kai, iyaka pathological kai-soyayya. A yara, wannan shi ne quite wata al'ada sabon abu, kamar yadda suka yi zaton cewa duniya duniya da aka juyawa kawai a kusa da su. Yara son kai ne dake a cikin cibiyar halittu, da kuma duk abin da ya faru, ana riskarsa kawai daga matsayi na reflector "I".

Egocentric manya da irin wannan fahimtar duniya da kanta An riga an dauke da wani m matsala ko wani incractive hali line.

Bisa ga digiri na sabon abu

Bisa ga digiri na sabon abu da kuma asali, a raba wuri da ake sa wani m (m) da kuma haihuwa image na sani.

• m tunani Kayyade mutumin a mahalicci. Ga babban rawa da aka yi da mutum hasashensu, kwatanci. Shi ne m mutanen da suke da iya samar da sabon gaba daya ra'ayoyi da kuma unprecedented ayyukan. Sun janye wani cikakken musamman da kuma asali wahayin nan gaba abu da kuma ruhaniya abubuwa aikinsu. New Concepts da kuma images, babu m karshe da karshe - duk wadannan suna da 'ya'yan itatuwa na aikin m sani.
• haihuwa tunani - akasin m. Wannan irin na ilimi da aka tushen kawai a kan duniya ta riga samuwa ƙãre mafita, images, kafofin da shaci. The complete babu m tunanin da kuma mayar da hankali kawai a kan sake kunnawa na baya samu ilmi characterizes da irin wannan zuciya. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mutane da haihuwa irin fahimtar sau da yawa da wani introverted hali.

Bisa ga digiri na arbitrariness

Kashe wani rukuni na tunani irin bisa ga mataki na sabani.

Ga duk abin da aka bayyana quite sauki.

• Hanawa tunani The mutum aka gudanar da sani da so, da tunani tsari ne gaba daya a karkashin mulkinsa.
• mai shigowa tunani , A maimakon haka, akwai a kanta, ba ku yi ɗã'a ga} o} arin na nufin mutum. All saba maganganu "yi a kan inji", "involuntarily yi", "yi ba tare da bada kanka wani rahoto," don haka wannan shi ne halin da ake ciki a lokacin da involuntary tunani daukawa fitar da ayyuka. A involuntary sani ake dangantawa da affective gyara na mutum hali zuwa batutuwa da mamaki, daban-daban yanayi da kuma matsaloli, cewa shi ne, tare da ji da kuma wani tunanin halayen da abubuwa na kewaye duniya.

Dangane sirri siffofin

Ware wani babban rukuni na tunanin teams, dangane da sirri halaye na kowane mutum, wanda zai shafi predominance na daya ko wani irin ilimi da kuma fahimta na duniya.

• male tunani . An yi imani da cewa maza zaton Azancin da straightly, daidai aiki tare da alamar model da kuma tsarin, kamar yadda mai mulkin, wannan tsari yana tafiya ne ko da yaushe da nufin mataki da sakamakon. Maza a fili rarrabe hankali da motsin zuciyarmu. A cikin ra'ayi, ji ana musamman barnatar nuna a kan canji na tunani a cikin kasuwanci sakamakon. A cewar daya daga cikin versions, shi ne domin akwai wani lespace irin fahimta da kuma aiki na bayanai a cikin kwakwalwa na maza. A hagu yammancin duniya ne ke da alhakin magana, dabaru, analysis, ayyukan da lambobi, jerin, da dai sauransu A mata, da dama hemispheres na kwakwalwa ta mamaye a cikin shakka daga aiki tare da bayanai. Dama-je ilmi ba mata hasashensu, dreamence, emotionality, mãdalla da na sarari fuskantarwa.
• mace tunani Yana yana kama da ilhama tunani. Motsin zuciyarmu na lafiya jima'i wakilan ne ko da yaushe a farkon wuri, don haka sau da yawa da yawa karshe da karshe suna dogara ne a ji da kuma premonitions. Wani lokaci da yanayi da kulawa da wata mace, da kuma hanya ta tunani zai iya canza tare da canje-canje a cikin yanayi. Wannan shi ne kawai bayanin irin bayyananne sau da yawa trends, amma masana ilimin tunani na kada ka yi jayayya da cewa mata ba su da wani dabaru ko rationality. A akasin wannan, a wasu yanayi, mata nuna ba kasa da a maza, da ikon bincika, generalize, da shirin da kuma saduwa da halin da ake ciki.
• m tunani . Ga muna magana ne game da fata. Mutane da irin wannan fasali na tunani suna karkata, ko duk da cikas, ga damar cimma burin su. Irin wannan mutane za su iya zama ko da yaushe natsu, muna saye idon basira, da kuma mafi muhimmanci, na gaskiya, domin tantance halin da ake ciki da kuma tune a ga nasara.
• korau tunani Property pessimists. Su ne kullum m da rayuwa, kullum gunaguni game da shi, gani ko'ina da kuma a duk rinjãya cikas, game da shi, haddasa tausayi da juyayi a kusa da.
• Tunani mai mahimmanci . Idan ka ayan haifar da nisa-kai da tsare-tsaren da kuma a lokaci guda ba share kintace, yana nufin kai ne mai strategist. Tsananin tsaya ga manufa, yadda ya kamata tantance hanyar ta nasara, kuma sun ba ta kasance a iya rage mutanen da suka yi da dabarun hangen nesan na duniya tare da shi - kamar yadda mai mulkin, wadannan su ne nasara kasuwa da kuma shugabannin.
• ƙunshe tunani . A idealized ra'ayin na duniya ne muhimmi idealists. Samar da wani manufa version na duniya cikin tunaninsa ya, suka Project shi ga gaskiya. Matsayin mai mulkin, a misappression ya auku, da kuma mutumin da aka sosai taka rawar gani, ya ƙi ya karɓi duniya kamar yadda ake yi, ajizai ne kuma maras manufa.
• m tunani . M mutane zaton illogical, ba daidai ba kima na mamaki da kuma yanayi, ba zai iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa suka zo a cikin ko ta wani hanya, amma tare da duk wannan sun gaskata cewa suna yin duk abin da dama da kuma iya captivate waɗanda suka kewaye su m bangaskiya. Sau da yawa shi ne na hali na schizoid cuta.
• m tunani . Muhawara, facts, ilimi, basira, tunani, hankali, sũ ne waɗanda tushe da cewa taimaka wani mutum tare da m m. Motsin zuciyarmu, ji, abubuwan ga irin mutane ba kome. Su ko da yaushe suna da wani lafiya da kuma soberly zaton, a fili da kuma sauri shirya ayyuka da kuma neman sanyata m.
• hikimar tantance tunani . The Analyst mutumin nazarin duk abin da ya faru a kusa da shi ba rush, tunani a kan dukan abin da a daki-daki, sosai, ko da yaushe kafa Sanadin abin da ke faruwa, tun ba sabon abu da kuma wani halin da ake ciki a fahimtarsa ​​da ji na duniya ba zai iya zama m.
• rairaya tunani . Raba facts, warwatse data, increments na bayanai ne ba matsala ga wani mutum da irin wannan zuciya. Ya lalle ne, haƙĩƙa Ya mayar da cikakkiyar bayyananne hoto, tattara shi a cikin guda. Kuma irin wannan hadadden yadda ake gudanar da cikakken ba tsoratar.

sume tunani

A qasaita a cikin tunani ne irin wannan ra'ayi kamar yadda sume tunani. Yana yakan haifar da tsari na ilimi da suke kewaye da duniya sume kashi na tunani. A sume aka cikakken bayan da mai shi, shi ne ba sarrafawa Kuma bãbu wata daya a kanta. An tattara da kuma adana cikakken duk bayanai, karanta daga waje a ko'ina cikin rayuwar dan Adam. Za ka iya gwada wannan tsari tare da tattara bayanai na cikin zanen, kawai wannan ya faru ta atomatik, ko da kuwa mu so da kuma maida hankali da hankali.

Bayanin da aka tattara a cikin tunaninsu da lamirinsu ake amfani da lokacin da bukatar bayyana a cikin wannan . A sakamakon aikin sume tunani - shi ne a sume soma da wani mutum yanke shawara . Muna tunanin cewa a cikin ko ta wani hanya za mu yi, saboda tsawo da kuma tsayin nẽmi wata ma'ana bayani a wani musamman halin da ake ciki, amma ba su ma zargin da tasiri a kan tallafi na wannan shawarar da sõmamme. Kamar kishiyar sashi na watã, da sume tunani ne mafi unexplored kuma mafi m yanki da mutum ke tunani.

Yana da wani hadari ga tabbatar da cewa shi ya fara ci gaba maida in yara na makarantan nasare shekaru, Bayyana tsakanin matasa, dalibai da kuma musamman mamaye farko-graders.

Hanyar domin kayyade da irin tunani

A tunani akwai hanyoyi da dama domin sanin irin tunani, mutum style. Mafi sau da yawa wannan manufa amfani da gwajin Hanyar . Gwaje-gwaje da aka tsara ta gogaggen Psychologists dangane da dogon bincike, tattara da kuma systematizing bayani game da siffofin kowace irin m. Daya daga cikin wadannan gwaje-gwaje da aka halitta bisa ga Hanyar wani sananne American psychologist, da most bincike na fahimi matakai na Jerome Brison.

Akwai kuma hanyar "Type na tunani", ɓullo da wani psychologist Galina Rezalkin, a cikin abin da aka samarwa a amsa "I" ko "ba" to a al'amurra da dama. Bayan haka, scores aka lasafta a kan miƙa Sikeli - ya bayyana abin da rubuta mutum na da.