The profession of the artist will see many abstract, vague. It covered too thick layer of stereotypes and myths - ranging from "The artist should be hungry" and ending the bohemian lifespan, with a light madness. In fact, everything is at the same time and much easier, and much more difficult. Let's try to give the definition of this profession, deal with its subtleties and understand who she is suitable for whom.
Description
The first definition that Ushakov's explanatory dictionary gives the word "artist": "A person creatively working in some field of art." It already sounds wider than our usual understanding of the term. In the second paragraph of the vocabulary article, however, a clarification that mentions painters and marinists appears. But even there are sculptors next to them, architects, whom we are accustomed to perceive as representatives of other professions. Thus, already one view of an article from an intelligent dictionary gives us to understand that the scope of the artist is much wider than it is customary.
This profession is divided into many specializations, the representative of each of which makes one of them. Packaging products, design of computer games characters, the image of cinema heroes, program interfaces that we use every day - artists from various areas have put your hand. In history, everything is often the artists who create the paintings presented in museums. But it is far from the truth. Having delved to the history of the theater, advertising or design, we will see many names of the authors whose field for creativity was not canvas. But it is better to consider everything on specific examples, and before that - look at the key pros and cons of the profession.
Advantages and disadvantages
There are no ideal professions simply. Everywhere there are your underwater stones. Regarding the profession of the artist, a lot depends on the scope of work. But there are common pros and cons.
Pros:
- the ability to realize creative potential;
- chance to find a job with a free schedule, without binding to the office;
- In case you are quite talented, hardworking, you know how to present your work - search for profitable work in an interesting area will not be difficult, artists are now needed in a variety of areas, the main thing is to weigh everything, find your own.
Minuses:
- It is likely to have to face cranes and work in a short time;
- No one guarantees that your work will have demand;
- The freelance artist should understand that unstable income and employment for some time will be its faithful satellites;
- Criticism, fulference, instability - almost 100% stress guarantee.
Classification of artists
We now move directly to what artists are, we will give a detailed description of some areas of their work. Artists are divided into the directions they follow (romanticism, ar-deco, impressionism, etc.), on the technique of execution (watercolor, graphics, oil, etc.). Finally, around the area where they work (game industry, theater, illustration, etc.).All these classifications are conditional, the same artist can work in different techniques, in different periods of life to be an adherent of different directions, and and change the scope of work is quite real.
Watercolorist
Literally - this is an artist drawing by watercolor, i.e., using watercolor equipment - intermediate between graphics and painting. It is important for the ability to work with tone, light, the ability to make the texture of paper by another visual means replacing the relief of the smear.
Digital
The overall designation of those artists, which create their work using computer equipment, using a graphic tablet and various software.
Designer
And here we are already dealing with classification on the field of activity. Now artists are more often called "designers". This is a general designation that includes those engaged in creating advertising posters, all sorts of packages of goods, interior design of apartments, houses, thinking out the appearance of facades of buildings, drawing sketches of clothing, design of furniture design.Illustrator
Here the essence of the profession is read from its name. The purpose of the artist-illustrator work is to create illustrations to books. It is important here, in addition to the immediate skills of the artist, know the specifics of the book publishing business, the ability to understand the desires of the customer. The idea of the illustrator should not only reflect his own vision of the book, its characters, but also to meet the requirements of the release editor.
Painter
The most general designation is in our list. In essence, the painter is any artist working in a solid flat surface. Material can be oil, acrylic, temperature, etc. The main thing here is the ability to work with color, smear, write from nature. And the last one does not mean that the work must be realistic.
The painter in his paintings gives his own vision of the world, which may not possess photographic accuracy.
Make-up
Now consider a much more specific specialization. Yes, the make-up is also an artist working on a very complex material - a human face and body. His work begins long before the start of the shooting or raising the curtain. In addition to the actually ordinary makeup, you need to be able to work with a plastic make-up, create scars, wounds, know what to do with butt blood, making "post" - wigs, beards, mustache.
Work begins with a script. From it and the comments of the director of the make-up must understand:
- In which world is the action;
- What historical period is described;
- Color or black and white will be a tape, as planned to work with light;
- What is heroes not only in relation to their appearance, it is important to take into account the characteristics of the nature and behavior;
- Which metamorphoses occur along the plot with the characters.
When all this is thought out, the thinker starts creating sketches, the calculation of the materials necessary for work on the project - wigs, makeup, brushes, buttiff blood, etc. after discussion with the director of sketches and approximate estimate, preliminary work begins with actors. Here, pitfalls can emerge - the inconsistency of the appearance of the actor of the one that is described in the scenario, the need to form or rejuvenate someone.
The actor under the contract in another project, for example, it may be forbidden to shake mustache or cut hair . Some of these problems are now easily solved by computer graphics, if we are talking about cinema, but most of them fall on the shoulders of the grimer.
When the necessary sketch adjustment was performed, trial makes are done, the final estimate is being developed. Working with each actor immediately before the start of shooting takes from 15 to 40 minutes, eliminating cases with a specific complex grima. You need to be able to work quickly, be able to make adjustments to the original idea on the go, add such variables such as weather, light, shooting time. And, of course, you need to be able to establish contact with people.
During the shooting, the makeup most often should be near the operator, to be prepared at any time to correct its work - dried from bright light to make up a wig that fell off the scar. In case the scene is removed at no one, it is necessary to take a picture of the actor in makeup to avoid kinolapa in the final material.
It is important not to confuse the makeup grimer. The makeup artist works with a face, emphasizes natural beauty, hides the shortcomings. The make-up must take into account the character of the character, the plot of the work. On their basis, in essence, it is required to create a face again.
Theatrical
Not far from the make-up, theater artists are located, they are the artists decorators. Their task includes work with all that surrounds the actors - with scenery, objects of the environment, even with standing on the table, in the frame or on the scene of food. Here, as in work with a grim, do not do without the ability to work with the script, to extend all the necessary information from it.Other
And in these professions the list does not end. Animal animals, marinists, collage, masters of lettering - List of areas and directions, which artists are engaged in, can be continued for a very long time, everything is not limited to a portrait, landscape, still life. But in several professions, we still dwell more. So far, we will not go far away from the theater and movies.
Artist-director (scene)
The person who is, in essence, co-author of the director, and under which a whole group of authors is working - from decorators to make-up artists. The scene develops in accordance with the idea of the director the appearance of the performance, its stylist, creates layouts of scenery, controls the selection of props, suits.Costume artist
Contrary to rarely delusion, the costumes artist is important not only when working on a historical or fantastic film or play. Clothing of characters operating in our world and in our time, no less important. She emphasizes the situation, the character of the hero. In the frame, the suit of the right color can add the necessary emphasis, even if it is on the actor of the extras.
Game artists
The industry, in which many artists now seek, is a game. They can be understood. Yes, the development of small indie games is not profitable, but often even unprofitable. But there are aaa projects, hitting the team of which guarantees good fees, gives a chance that you will notice.
In the field of games, several artistic professions are involved.
- Art directors - More managers than directly artists, but without appropriate education, skills, talent, understanding the processes of creative activity here can not do, coordinate work on the artistic component of the project.
- Illustrators - They are responsible for static visual cover covers, avatars characters, boot screens, posters, booklets, etc.
- Graphic designers - Develop logos, icons, together with illustrators work on the concomitant printing.
- UI-designers - Create a user interface, "trifle" for which gamers and critics can disseminate the project "in sins".
- Concept artists - On their shoulders, there is a task of creating a direct visual concept of the game - the design of characters, sketches of locations, weapons, etc. Work, where first of all it is necessary to have an incomplete fantasy and the ability to generate ideas, without knocking out of the general concept.
That's how we approached the next important topic - necessary for the artist knowledge and qualities.
Knowledge and skills
Knowledge required for work will be different in various fields. Let's go large:
- Knowledge of materials, skill with them to work;
- Basics of painting, drawing, working with color, composition;
- Knowledge of the theory and history of art, terminology;
- understanding of modern trends;
- possession of several creativity techniques;
- Understanding the foundations of human and animal anatomy;
- idea of the theory of graphic design;
- Understanding the basic principles of perception by a person of visual information;
- own art style, you need to be able to move away from it, if the project requires;
- The ability to draw both hands and with the help of a graphics tablet, work skills to work with raster and vector graphics in specialized programs: Adobe CC, Adobe Photoshop, CorelDraw, Krita, etc.
Depending on the sphere, mathematics, lettering, collance, knowledge of working with 3D graphics, the basics of the directions, the basics of printed business may be added to this list.
Personal qualities
That up to the characteristics of the character necessary personal qualities, the list will be no less voluminous. To survive and succeed in the profession, you will need:
- imagination - without this tool to the artist nowhere;
- good visual memory, attention to small details;
- multitasking, high performance;
- stress tolerance;
- ability to organize your working schedule yourself, good time management skills;
- The desire to show their work to people, the ability to file it and sell, from here - customer focus, willingness to communicate with many people - with customers, galleryrs, critics, colleagues (to become a popular artist, without leaving the workshop or because of the computer, it will not work);
- The ability to soberly perceive both criticism and praise;
- readiness to constantly learn, try something new, self-improvement, complementing your portfolio;
- a responsibility.
Naturally, few people can enjoy all the list of damns immediately, and the creative path of a particular artist may not require any qualities or, on the contrary, supplement this list. But to develop these features worthwhile worth anyone who plans to build a career in this area.
Education
Ideally, if the parents see a tendency of a tendency to work, the desire to do this, to start artistic education from early age. Different mugs, and in the future the art school will not interfere with anyone if they do not drive from under the stick - this can repel the thrust to take a pencil for a long time. It is important to remember that no matter how your own style is needed, knowledge of the basics of academic painting will give you a base on which this style will be built. Self-taught can break through in a number of specialties - this is a fact, but higher education in the right area is an important help in future search for work.You can start as with secondary special education - college or technical school, where you can enroll after grade 9 and from receipt after grade 11 at the university of the corresponding profile. The most prestigious in Russia is considered to be the St. Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after I. E. Repin and Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after V. I. Surikov.
Do not mean the role of courses, remote and classic. They can help improve the available and obtain new skills, and some professions (a make-up example, a number of specialties of the gaming sphere, etc.) can be mastered by and large, only with the help of courses.
Where does it work?
The main spheres of artists we have already mentioned, speaking of their species. This is a bookbook, advertising, web development, game industry, cinema, theater, costume design, interior, packaging, work in the gallery or museum. And, of course, creating work to order, freelance.
How much does it earn?
The wage of the artist directly depends on the direction and scope of work. The same can be said about the stability of income. Amounts fluctuate from a couple of thousand rubles for the project of an ordinary freelancer to the fabulous fees of eminent masters. The average illustrator rate, depending on the experience and scope of work, 15-70 thousand rubles. The artist-designer can count on a fee to 40 thousand.
Discussing the price tag to the pictures meaninglessly, it depends on too many criteria and is exposed by the artist himself. In most cases, the price of the portrait written with the involvement of computer technologies will begin with thousands of rubles. Black and white sketch can cost less than a thousand, and color art in full growth with a worked background - about 4 thousand. Rates are directly related to the demand of the author, the complexity of concrete work.
The choice of the profession of the artist depends not only on the presence or absence of talent. It must be a weighted and conscious decision, an understanding of the sphere in which you want to show yourself. Talent - only the base that will only matter in the case of constant, painstaking work.