The harmonious development of the person is often hampered by a complex of inferiority, with the appearance of which a teenager feels worse than other people, feels insecurity in its own forces. This happens with a decrease in self-esteem.
Features of formation
Self-assessment of the teenager is formed as a result of social adaptation of the person. Evaluation of itself develops with interpersonal interaction, existing feedback and as a result of the activities of a young man. Self-consciousness is improving in society. Girls most often evaluate themselves at a lower level than the boys. Girls are important relationships with other people and the appeal of the appearance, and the youngest self-esteem criterion serve communicative, volitional, intellectual qualities and physical data. The compilation of the matrix table makes it possible to understand the dynamics of self-critical formation.
The kids are prone to overestimation of their qualities. Criticality when evaluating itself appears in the ten-year-old. This stage of life for most girls and boys is characterized by identifying more negative than positive features. A sharp need for self-esteem appears, but the inability is detected to adequately evaluate its own person. In adolescence, the perception of himself is approaching realistic indicators. Since 12 years old, teenagers listen to the opinion of peers. With a general adequate assessment, a negative attitude towards itself is often.
At the age of 14, the teenager focuses on a certain standard, embodied the ideal qualities of a person. A teenager assesses his identity, compares his own behavior with some "ideal" standards. He is trying to find his place in society, feel it part of him.
The solution to the problem of personal self-determination through the recognition of specific sociocultural values helps the young man understand the meaning of its existence.
Levels
A large role in the formation of the correct assessment of its actions plays the focus of the teenager to the future profession and high assessment by teachers of the norms of moral principles. Sometimes a gap between the real and perfect self-esteem is formed.Adequate
Realistic estimation of his own person, their abilities and deeds allows the teenager to properly relate strength with the tasks set in front of him any complexity and requirements of foreign people. Adequate estimation contributes to the critical perception of its own moral principles and actions. People with such self-consciousness are active, sociable and aims to study the surrounding and themselves in society.
Overgrown
Low estimation of the teenager's peers can contribute to the inadequate overestimation of his self-esteem. The internal vulnerability creates the desire for the demonstration of its steepness. Fear of feeling his own nobility causes the child to constantly prove its importance to the rest. Such a teen is inclined to express itself through productive activities.
It is difficult for a person with too high upwards to establish friendships. The surrounding feel uncomfortable with an arrogant subject, so they seek to avoid communicating with him.
Understated
Low psychological stability is often the cause of underestimated self-esteem. The following qualities testify about the reduced perception of himself:
- negligence in clothes, slope;
- sufferer facial expression;
- Fear to watch people straight into the eyes;
- the desire to remain unnoticed;
- slouch;
- a quiet voice, a vast speech;
- incorporating notes in intonation, constant apologies for their actions;
- challenge, excessive criticality of their actions;
- accretion of their own advantages;
- Small degree of sociability;
- aggression as protection against the surrounding world;
- mistrust to people.
Diagnostics
For research, psychologists use various techniques.
- Using the method of measurement of self-assessment, demo-Rubinstein detects the degree of adolescent claims. The age range fluctuates from 10 to 16 years. The magnitude of the gap between the levels of claims and the evaluation of oneself is determined.
- Test V. V. Novikova "Who I am in this world" makes it possible to determine the trends towards overestimation or inclusion of self-esteem, as well as adequate estimation of his own person.
- High, medium and low level of estimation of itself, adequacy and inadequacy with teenage self-esteem helps to identify the technique S. A. Budassa.
Causes of low self-esteem
The initiated perception of himself is affected by the hereditary factor: mental and physical abilities, temperament, character. Equally important is education. Excessive guardianship, obsessive care or, on the contrary, the lack of a warm relationship of parents to the child adversely affects the formation of self-esteem.
Unwanted children from infant years feel their unnecessariness. They do not have parental support, feel hindrance, and not a free person. Thoughts and feelings of the baby are depreciated if parents often offend him. Such a child is not able to love himself. He always feels his imperfection. Children are not indifferent to the opinion of others. The assessment of a foreign person often plays a decisive role. If classmates, friends, teachers or just familiar people negatively respond about external, physical or mental data of the child, then he can block himself or show aggression to others.
Young people actively communicate in the virtual world. Along with the traditional form of teenagers, cyberbulling is rapidly spread. He causes no less alarm at the teenager than when injuries in real life. The influence of any bulling on the formation of low self-esteem is great. The teenager increases the level of depression and anxiety, headaches are observed, sleep is disturbed, the appetite worsens.
Some children begin to think about suicide. The others have a desire to prove their exceptions to others.
How to raise?
Improve confidence should be gradually. First of all, we must be improved in those areas that are best given. It is necessary to give time to self-development, read the appropriate literature. The boy must be able to engage in some sport. Beautiful male figure increases interest from girls.
The teenage girl is very important as she looks on the background of her girlfriends. She is not indifferent to the opinion of parents, teachers, peers. A girl helps to raise confidence working on her appearance. You do not need to completely stroke such natural qualities as modesty and shyness. Young people quickly lose interest to the jungle young lady. It should be learned to alternate shine with rigor.
You need to love yourself with all the disadvantages and advantages. Should not be engaged in self-vacation. Admit your mistakes, try to fix them. It is necessary to fight your own laziness, because it often interferes with the comfort zone and spread with the role of a loser. Visit the special training aimed at improving self-esteem. Do not hesitate to praise yourself.
Smile more often, rejoice every minute of life. Believe in yourself and others. Realize your uniqueness. You are unique. There is no other similar person. It is very important to find your own destination. Pay due attention to your favorite classes, interests and hobbies. Take a search for your talents. Look for strengths, develop them. Choose a profession in the shower.
Chat with others often, it's not necessary to complain about your unfortunate life. Strive to help people who need your support. Such actions help raise self-esteem.
For the correction of reduced self-esteem, experts advise the following exercises:
- Fix in a personal diary any own achievements (this exercise helps to notice and evaluate any, even small luck);
- Make a list of 30 of your positive qualities, gradually replenish it;
- Make yourself different compliments;
- Present in your place a well-known personality, for example, an actor or singer, and communicate with others, presenting that this is not you, and the famous person speaks your mouth at the moment.
Recommendations
Teenagers are needed well, because insufficient sleep contributes to a decrease in optimism and self-esteem. Overweight, poor physical form enhance the feeling of clumsy and unattractiveness. Full nutrition and regular sports are eliminated from negative thoughts, give the body power, energy and health.
Experts give parents important advice.
- The child is characteristic of identifying himself with parents , so it is very important to invest two important thoughts in your head: "I am a cool man," you are also a stunning person, even better than me. " Praise your children. Emphasize that their potential is great. Express your faith in the ability of the child. Maternal support for daughter and father's assistance to the son of a teenager.
- Do not criticize the younger child, as he is not sure of his appeal. Critical comments greatly reduce self-esteem. Do not compare the child with other children, even from good reasons.
- Help young man feel his beauty and attractiveness. Refer to the stylist to help choose the appropriate style. It is necessary to put the teeth and skin in order. Teens are very worried about various skin rashes, but often hesitate to speak about it. Take the baby to the cosmetologist.
- Provide your children the opportunity to acquire new acquaintances. Record them in various sections and mugs, send to the sports camp and on the recreation center. In an unfamiliar team, the child is given the opportunity to reveal in a new way. The wider the circle of communication, the more different faces for the disclosure of the person. Expands the idea of yourself.
If it is difficult to cope with yourself with the problems of your child, please contact a specialist. An occupation with a psychologist can change the thinking of the teenager, adjust its installation.
Adolescents are recommended to apply the following ways to improve self-esteem. Find a reason for pride.
- Concentrate on experience, not on appearance. The appearance changes quickly. Beauty laws are also changeable.
- Engage in sports, art. Learn to play some musical instrument.
- Attend efforts to achieve success in study. Knowledge attribute confidence in their own power.
- Make sure to take responsibility. Find part-time job. Earn money can be spent on learning, help people. Become a volunteer. Help animals, elderly and sick people.
Develop individuality.
- Do not try to please people. It is impossible to like everyone at the same time. Make good actions. Be a good person.
- Find your unique style. Pick out not fashionable clothes, and the one that looks beautiful on you, comes to your face, highlights you from the crowd. Create a unique image.
- Watch for personal hygiene. Clean your teeth regularly, calculate your hair, use deodorant. Wear only clean and neat things. Do not wear torn clothes. Things must fit your size. Get rid of too close or baggy clothes.
- Learn the new dance, temper some kind of sport or art. Participate in competitions.
- Enjoy yourself with friends who can understand, love and appreciate you. Do not be friends with people who envy your progress or pull you down.
- Do not be afraid to express a personal opinion. Speat refuse to people. Do not let you wash. Manifest factories.
Get rid of negative.
- Do not spend a lot of time with people configured pessimistically. Life is Beautiful. Man, thinking negative, unhappy. Think always in a positive way. Switch with negative reflections on positive statements.
- Always concentrate only on achievements. Any failures perceive as the experience you need. Try to correct the errors, continue the way.
- There is no ideal people. Strive to achieving real goals. Think away every step. Do not feel frustration when it is impossible to achieve more than I would like.
- Stop reacting to critical comments. Each person has the right to his own opinion, but it may be mistaken. Take constructive criticism.
- Outcasting. Make yourself every day in the fact that you are a wonderful person. In your power to cope with any life problems. You deserve happiness.
