Without refueling, no sewing machine can start work. The thread is the component, without which it is impossible to sew the same or different types of matter: in this case it would have to resort to other methods and technologies that differ from sewing.
Preparatory stage
Make sure that there are no threads that you do not need now. If they are present - they are easy to pull out.
Check out the standing tensioner top thread. It must be working and workable, all the details must be in their places. If there are vile from former threads, Clean the tensioner with a brush. Pull out and inspect the shuttle, bobbin with a cap for the presence of a jar.
Remember when you last lubricated the mechanism. If it was a long time ago, for example, more than six months passed - disassemble the machine, check the condition of the mechanisms.
If necessary, clean them. Use industrial or engine oil for lubricating driving moving parts. Collect the typewriter, turn it on and drive it in a minute.
Make sure that with a test run, all mechanisms work smoothly, clearly. Should not be slowdown When you do not wait for it, as well as the moves of mechanisms with a noticeable effort.
Install the shuttle in place, insert the needle corresponding to the thickness of the top thread, which you are going to sew the tissue of a particular thickness and texture. For household sewing machines, needles are used with a flask cut along one side.
Nuances refueling, depending on the type of machine
Properly fill the sewing thread is easy. In any sewing machine of the stages of refueling the threads of only 2: broaching the top (in the needle) and the bottom (through the shuttle mechanism) of the thread.
Machine with two or more needles - the lot of real professionals With which the sewing element or accessory is needed for the sewing element at the same time. How many needles, so many stages of refueling: Each needle sews his own, independent of the "neighbor" thread. Multigol and multi-contact machines are, in fact, a sewing mini-conveyor, accelerating sewing at the same time as needles use on this device.
The simplest option is a double-needle machine: here two top threads are used. They are inhabited from the same side. For each needle, the "descent" on the needle is used here. Coils on the typewriter are located at the top on both sides of the reservoir.
But with a double (triple and more) needle, the filamentant is not recommended to use - they can damage the needle adjusted at the moment.
In one-family household Soviet machines, for example, the "Singer" of the old generation, "Podolsk", "Seagull", "PMZ" refueling the upper and lower threads about the overall scheme. There are no special advice here. The sequence of actions can be any - no matter, the upper or lower thread you will be published first, the result will be one.
But before you start refueling the threads, you should enter the separation of the machine type machines: manual, foot and electric (electromechanical device).
Manual
The hand type was previously considered the one type in which instead of the electric motor with the leading shaft was combined with a special lever with a gear gear wheel, which, in contact with the main one, spinned it, forcing the remaining mechanisms to work from the kinetic energy transmitted by this "twist".
But today in online stores sell the simplest single-pitch sewing stapler - a portable device with one coil, having an needle holder, the simplest nitenastor, tensioner (like what is in Soviet machines), the simplest shuttle. The whipped mechanism - and with it and the lower thread - there is completely absent, that is, the "staple" flashlight is "one-sided". Broaching the top (only) thread is hardly done in seconds. If the thread is selected exactly in the thickness and rigidity of the tissue - you can start sewing, but you have to move the cloth manually on each stitch.
There is a motorized (electric) version of the sewing stapler - a single-sided portable sewing machine. It is equipped with the simplest collector motor running from DC with a voltage of several volts. The tissue propeller, having a teeth, move the fabric automatically. However, on such a typewriter There are no protective guides that prevent the care of the tissue to the side and the appearance of the seam curve.
The sewing starts with the top with the top, but enterprising users remove it and connect the machine through the switch pressed by foot. The fact is that Hands should keep and directly crosslinkable fabrics on both sides - otherwise seam, again, will come out by curves.
So, to fill the upper thread in the classic sewing machine (and not in the sewing stapler, which has just been speech), do the following.
- Put on the reel on the pin at the top of the case and see the thickness of the thread (or more).
- Skip the needle through the top nitenastor and tensioner having a spring-loaded screw (or bolt nut). The thread is clamped between brackets facing convex side to each other.
- Grind the thread in the ear of the tensioner lever, and then in the "descent" on the needleidory.
- Clean the thread in the ear needle already inserted into the holder, skip it through the incision of the paws - and take away to the side (from ourselves).
To skip the bottom thread, do the following.
- Open the bottom compartment by shifting the protective (closing) plate to the side and pull the cap with a bobbin.
- Insert the bobbin on the axis of the winding mechanism and lock it there.
- Switch the machine to the winding up the bobbin. The mechanism of the needle product and the shuttle is immobilized - the effort from the "twist" is transmitted directly to the "Motalka", and not on the main mechanisms that are sewing. Switching between sewing modes and bobbing modes is performed using a special lever that removes the intermediate shaft of the main mechanism and translating it to the transfer gears of the cooler.
- Put on the coil with a thread on the lower pin, located immediately under the "Motalka".
- Make a little thread from this coil and skip her end to a bobbin.
- Lower the presser roller holding the bobbin on the axis, and start rotating the torque. With the other hand, send a thread on the bobbin so that it does not get wondered and not confused.
- Move with a bobbin 10-20 cm thread. Insert the filled bobbin into the cap, and the cap itself is in the shuttle mechanism. It must click on the holder.
- Skip the end of the thread through the tensioner of the shuttle mechanism.
- Close the protective plate and output the end of the thread from the bobbin under the foot - in the same incision. Take the thread at the same side as the upper one.
Now you can prepare fabrics to stitching.
Do not forget to translate the switching lever (next to the winder of the thread on the bobbin) back to the "Sewing" position.
Shoe
Foot machines of old generations in terms of refueling threads in general are no different from hand. Mechanisms and devices included in their composition are placed on the housing and under it in the same way. The difference is manifested only that The sewing operator rotates not a manual handle, but rhythmically shakes both legs a long transverse pedal, headed for an external gearbox with wooden or plastic guides. A large gear ratio on the drive wheel transmits torque to the leading shaft of the machine through an external drive belt.
Almost such a device resembles an elevator in the entrance of an apartment building, running on the contrary: the motor raises the elevator cabin to the desired floor through the transfer wheel, and the cabin itself, dropping back down, rotates the engine through the same gear wheel. Old foot cars, like manual, completely autonomous - they do not need electricity.
To fill the thread into a foot sewing machine, use the above instruction for manual devices. Currently, foot sewing machines are ousted by the simplest manual units and much more improved electrical.
Electric
The refueling of the old (Soviet) electrical sewing machine, for example, "Podolsk" or "Singer", no particular differs from its hand predecessors. Only the "seagull" is distinguished by the arrangement of the tensioner, the director and the tension lever of the upper thread - they are located in front, on the side of the user, and not on the side. But the refill of the upper thread from "CHAKS" is about the same.
Modern sewing machines - for example, manufactured by Brother, - The procedure for the upper and lower threads is as follows.
- Put on the coil on her pin - Top on the body of the machine.
- Take a little thread from the coil.
- Fix the end of the thread on the bobbin. Modern bobbins contain two holes opposite each other - a thread to both at once. Mix a few turns to the thread did not slip off the bobbin.
- Put the bobbin on the rod of the cooler - It is close to the main coil rod.
- Move left lock So that the bobbin does not jump when the thread winding.
- Run the thread cooler With the help of a foot pedal.
- Wound up a full bob Remove it Shifting the retainer back.
- Remove the coil With which you wrapped the thread on the bobbin, and install the desired instead of it. Thread should be slightly thicker than that that is used on the bobbin.
- Get the thread from the coil for the nitenasther's slot. It is located in the upper part of the device body, but much further than the bobbing winder.
- Get the thread into the U-shaped canal on the machine body. Thug it through the disc-shaped tensioner.
- Expand the thread and make it to continue the channel to the top. Thug it through the attractive - it has an outlet. Skip the thread through it.
- Lower the thread down to the needle - And inhale her end in the needle itself. Before you skip it through the last goiter.
- Skip the thread through the slot on the foot. Take the thread to the side.
- Open the shuttle compartment cover. She is located next to the needle. If there is another protective cover under the main (extra) - remove it.
- Remember with just wound bobbin about 10 cm thread. Insert the bobbin into its seat. Take a little thread from the bobbin to make sure that it is spinning without much effort.
- Close up of both covers (If there are really two of them, and not alone).
- Pull the end of the thread up . Roll it into the loop. Skip the top thread through this loop. Twist the flywheel so that the top thread pulled the bottom. This is necessary in order for the seam when crossing the fabrics, we obtained as it should in the end.
The difference between modern and old sewing machines is that the thread passes a longer way, hiding at the same time under the edge of the device housing.
Possible mistakes
If the machine does not go properly, the thread rushes or saves, make sure What you did not make any of the following errors.
- The thickness of the needle and the magnitude of the hole (ears) does not match the rigidity and thickness of the stuffed layers of matter.
- You missed the tensioner, the director of the thread either broke the sequence of her broach, refueling.
- You are trying to sew without top or bottom thread.
- The machine is de-energized. You did not include it on the network.
- You wound on a bobbin too much thread, why the first rotates with difficulty.
- The upper thread is equal to the thickness (or less) than the lower one.
- You use too coarse threads - for example, purely hb, not synthetics (or semi-synthetic).
- You have chosen the wrong seam view, unacceptable at this stage and for the matter crosslinkable now.
- Excessively weakened or too strongly tightened the tensioner of the upper thread.
- The bobbin and her cap were noticeably beaten over the years or with negligent storage. Squares appeared on the bobbin, jar.
- The machine did not smear on time. It rotates noticeable effort, overcoming it. From this significantly fell speed. The machine is scattered by jerks, constantly changing the number of stitches per second (and a minute), that is, its speed, the speed is questionable.
- Scored, worn tensioner of the upper thread.
- Thread coils have suffered several years and lost their characteristics: fortress, elasticity, smoothness.
eight
Photos
For errors may also indicate other signs - for example, sagging loops in stitches. The reason is not exhibited carefully adjusting the tensioners of the upper and lower thread. Ideally, it should be the same.
Conclusion
Refueling threads from above and from below in any typewriter - whether it is a device with a manual, foot or electric drive - will not be difficult. By placing the thread, check their tension. If everything is done correctly, the machine in all cases will work without problems.
On how to correct the thread in the sewing machine, see below.