Pandouri refers to string-pin musical instruments, consists of a housing, cervix, heads, and also has three strings. In shape and form, there are some similarities with a balalaica. The tool received the greatest distribution in Georgia, but is considered to be the symbol of its eastern part. The first mention of it found in the literature dates from the V century. Starting from the X century, the name of this tool is actively used in writing.
Peculiarities
In Georgia, Pandouri is a symbol of happiness and joy, so the families in the mourning, the whole year forbidden was not only to play on it, but even keep in a prominent place. If, during a mourning, the family should hold a wedding or another holiday, then a family family could play on Panduri, and then pass it to other guests to continue the game. When the desired amount of time passes, and the mourning ends, a holiday is arranged, in which the head of the family is performed by the song, accompanying her game on Panduri, and only after that everyone else can start walking and having fun.
During the rest of the time in Georgian families, it is used as the main accompaniment of almost all holidays, performed by songs of any genres: love, heroic and comic. Mostly women played on it, they sang to the Pandouri chorus or solo during work, performed by chastushki and danced on holidays.
Sometimes under the Pandouri read poems, chanting folk heroes.
With antiquity, this musical instrument was used during rituals, it was an integral part of any rituals. For example, participates in the "lighting" of the New Year's beer: women must bypass the vessel several times in which beer is boiled, while singing and accompanying themselves to the Pandouri. Even church holidays are often accompanied by his melody. The lullaby "IAVNAN" traditionally performed the game on the Pandouri.
In other countries, there are different prototypes of the Pandouri, for example, the Armenians have fartini, and the Arabs - Toburi.
In the middle of the last century in Georgia, K. Vashakidse created an improved Panduri model, thanks to which it became possible to play it in a professional orchestra performing folk music.
In Georgia, it is impossible to submit a family in which there are no Panduri at home - usually hanging on a prominent place on the wall. If the family could not afford such a purchase, she necessarily gave this tool, and he was considered the most valuable gift. He used to stay approximately as one sheep. A person who played on Panduri is called all holidays, he knows and respect in many circles. Therefore, this musical instrument has received such widespread, and the Georgian people accompanies any activity to the game.
Forms and sizes
Each Georgian region corresponds to its shape of the Panduri corps. One example serves as a tool stored in the Museum of Music. It is made about 100 years ago, has a shape similar to a shovel, and the curved bottom. In addition, there are tools with a shaft form, boats, a sea shell or pear. And the Pandouri differ from each other by the number of holes on the deck.
Usually the entire tool, including the body, neck and head, is made from a solid piece of wood. By tradition, it must be cut into a full moon, and its upper part is taken, which is destroyed in half. As a result, you use the part that was more lit by the sun. Sometimes the panduries are made by connecting thin wooden plates. When creating decks, preferably pine or fir. It needs to make a pair of resonator holes, and on the head of the panduri - holes for the flasks. And also to the body, you must nourish the wooden plank for the application of the fingers, align its edges along the contour of the tool, unwinding.
Playing the Pandouri is needed either by all your fingers, or using only the nail of the thumb.
Setup and game
Setting the Pandouri Second-Quarts, usually set up in this way:
1st string E C # A;
2nd string - up to # (squeezed on the 3rd Lada sounds in unison with the 1st string);
3rd string "La (on the 4th Lada he sounds in unison with the 2nd string, and on the 7th Lada - in unison with the 1st string).
Thanks to the open (not pressed strings), a major chord of la (a) is formed.
For configuration of the Pandouri, see the video.