Stigs on gold - An integral part of the product that demonstrates that the decoration of the present. Each buyer should know what the present stamp looks like, where it should be located and how to distinguish the real decoration from fake.
What it is?
Stamp on gold is a special state mark that acts as confirmation of the sample on the product. Each jewelry made of precious metal must be carried out on testing and branding. Using this sign, the consumer will be able to understand how the alloy has been created a selected decoration, who it is manufactured and when.
Marking is a mandatory procedure in almost every state. On the territory of Russia for this action states the State Tube Chamber under the control of the federal tube supervision. The application of the imprint is made according to a single model, which is approved by government agencies. Marking is allowed only after the product will be reconstructed on the sample.
In other words, the state sign acts as a guarantor of the quality of the alloy sold . The buyer, seeing the stamp, will be sure that the decoration was already checked by experts and corresponds to the stated characteristics. In the jewelry industry there are several rules according to which markings are carried out. According to the adopted standards, the stigma should not spoil the decoration, so it is placed in strictly defined places.
- On an inconspicuous part of the product. In the rings it is the back side, on the clasp, the carbines of other jewelry. In the cabins on the holders there is a brand.
- Several details of one product will be punished separately.
- If we are talking about interior items, an additional plate made from a similar alloy should be present on articles with artistic value. It is affixed with stigma.
History
The test tube appeared in Russia in the XVII century. Jewelry branded and punched in Moscow, in a silver row. At that time, the place was the only one, where it was possible to deal with the realization of precious metals. At the moment, not only jewelry is branded, but also other accessories made of precious metal. A technical examination is also made in the chamber, along with control analyzes of alloys, precious stones.
For the first time in jewelry, the jewelry was recorded In 1651-1652. On it was depicted Eagle with two heads, next to which there was a date of production. Initially, the alloy quality marks were not present on the stamp, but such prints were put only on jewelry trial above the 83rd. A similar sign often branded bridge coins, which were further interlaced on jewelry.
Sampling Sample System in Tsarist Russia took place until the moment was not introduced modern. Such a system was built in the Russian pound, which weighed 0.4 kg and contained 96 spools. Therefore, the product made of pure gold endowed 96 breakdown.
Accordingly, 48 sample contains only half of the precious metal.
What are there?
The stigma of different countries may differ among themselves, because each state creates its own sketch. For example, in Belarus, a bison is applied to the display of genuine precious metal. On Russian gold, the following types of state signs were used.
- "Tee". Such a stamp was set until 1896, it looked as a tee, on which figures crossed with a breakdown, year of production, coat of arms and the first letter name of the inspection person. Up until 1897, the sign had convex forms. In the future, he began to do the depressed.
- In 1899, a new sign appeared, which looks like Girl in Kokoshnik in profile on the left side.
- From 1908 to 1927, in Russia began to brand decorations with Love of the girl in Kokoshnik, but in the profile on the right . Accompanied by a sign of the Greek letter. It was changed depending on the city.
- In 1927, in the USSR began to be stamped Working head with a hammer.
- In 1958, the Soviet gold began to put The stigma, which was called the quality mark in the USSR. It looked like a five-pointed star with a sickle and hammer image inside. Such a sign was placed only on jewelry.
Already modern decorations made of precious metals equip Women's head in Kokoshnik with profile . In the lower right corner they put the letter-cipher of the State Inspection of Tableproof Supervision. In the jewelry industry, several penetration systems are used. Using this measurement, it can be understood which gold concentration is contained in a splice alloy.
Carat
Such a system Foreign masters from European countries and the United States are used. The sample is affixed in the karats and demonstrates how many fractions of pure precaumatal is located in 24 parts of the alloy.Metric
The most common option. Relevant for many states of the world, as well as for Russia. Used in Austria, Great Britain, Hungary, Denmark, Latvia, Sweden and in other countries.
Cotrol
Used in the Russian Empire, after which it was in demand in the Soviet Union. At this moment Not applicable. The decoding looks like this: it shows how many gold units are in 96 parts of the alloy.
Lotoma
Such a system Used in the Middle Ages by the Western European People: Celts, Germans and Scandinavians. In those days, most of the precious metals were measured by stamps, which consisted of 16 lots. The sample demonstrates how many lots of precious metals are contained in one brand.
On products, in addition to stamps, a gold test is indicated.
- 375 Sample - This is the cheapest alloy. It contains only 37.5% of the precious metallol, and the rest is silver with copper. The decoration color will depend on how the amount of metal in it prevails.
- 385 Sample It is often used to create jewelry in Russia. Gold concentration of 58.5%. The rest is silver in the amount of 33.5% and copper. The alloy is distinguished by durability, yellow and reddish tint.
- Now is popular white Gold 585 test in which palladium with nickel is present.
- 750 decorations - This is the most expensive and high-quality category. From such an alloy you can make products with jewelry accuracy, due to flexibility in processing. The concentration of gold in such an alloy is 75%.
- 999 Sample - It's pure gold. Products will have the highest price. Differs in bright color and fragility. Such raw materials are used in the manufacture of ingots.
Some companies, such as Faberge, applied to their products Personal stamps . There are several variations of writing. Items can be with the letters "K" or "KF", on some products is "Faberge" or "To Faberge".
For European consumers or London branches stamped Faberge.
Methods of application
The type of application may differ on the basis of such features of the product:
- complexity of work;
- The features of the location of the stones (if any);
- appearance;
- design.
There are the following methods.
Mechanical
Considered a rough method that is based on fixing stigma with physical pressure . It will require the use of vice, in which the product is fixed, as well as jackhammers. The method is considered to be old, they were resorted back in the XVII century.
Dignity of mechanical application It is the good quality of the infected sign: it does not erase after a while and does not carry harm to decorate. With this method, the stamp is applied to 80% of products.
At the moment, the sign can be affixed automatically, due to which scratches and deformations are excluded.
Electrospar
They will apply the stamp more subtle. Due to what the drawing with the text is applied neatly burning. It can be used even on fragile or very small ornaments. Applied Since 1967.
Laser
In work is involved Laser installations. Engraving small and practically imperceptible. The stigma is distinguished by durability and endurance. However, you should immediately note the low productivity of this method. The laser will not be able to sample more than 600 products. Among the advantages is the flexibility of this method: the stamp is applied to any side of the decoration.
The specificity of the name
The name must accompany the stigma and consists of the following information:
- individual code of the manufacturer;
- year of production in letter form;
- The cipher of the State Inspectorate of the Table Service, which contains the initials of the manufacturer.
The name of the name is located in a rectangular frame, which is not far from the stamp. Knowing that this abbreviation contains in itself, you can easily decipher product data.
How to distinguish fake?
Previously, stigma was put on hand, so it was difficult to buy a fake. Any jeweler could immediately see this product in front of him or not. Today Completed cases of fake stamps So every buyer should know how to distinguish the original from the fake.
In order to study the stamp on the product, follows Take advantage of a magnifying glass, which has a large increment. Pre-decoration is recommended to rinse well to remove the dirt from the hpadin. Fake stamps are similar to real only externally, with primary visual inspection. But if you look at the details, you can immediately notice inconsistencies.
- The sample must be clear and smooth. If uneven numbers are present, this suggests that in his hands is a fake. But irregularity does not always talk about the unreliability of the sample, because some signs are applied by hand. Although such a phenomenon is considered an exception.
- Exterior type of stigma. On gold should be stigma, which meets the stated standards. For example, for the Russian article in the central part there should be a girl in Kokoshnik, on the right side they apply numbers with a breakdown, and on the left - the letter of the inspection that put control.
- On imported products The sample is indicated in the karats, next to the native stigma stamps the sign of the chamber.
How to distinguish the fake from the original golden products - a few useful tips in the video below.