Horse riding is a well-known sport and leisure activities. However, not everyone do professionally. Although even a good amateur knows how to choose the right saddle and how to care for animals. The saddle itself is not an integral part of the breakdown for riding a horse. But it still makes a trip more comfortable and safe.
Description and structure
Humanity has long contacted with horses, including using them as a vehicle. Therefore, the saddle is a rather ancient device that has arisen in the distant past. The first of them were in the form of capes, bedspreads or skins, which were fixed by the rope around the chest horses. Since then, enough time has passed, however The riding saddle makes everything on the same principle by fixing them around the animal breast.
The saddle is considered an important part of the ride horse. Regardless of the species, there are general principles of the design of this riding device.
It distinguishes such parts:
- Luke (front and rear);
- Seat itself;
- base (laden);
- Wings (FENDER);
- strive;
- Scheller;
- girth;
- pillow;
- Potnik (Valtrap);
- Fixation belts (push, Martingal, Prett);
- backsturn.
The base (Lenchik) is performed from a dense material and is a certain framework to which the other parts of the seat are attached. Flexible plastic or durable wood can act as raw materials. Bows call the raised edges of the saddle, more precisely, their bends. The wing performs a protective role, protecting the legs of the rider from friction about belts.
Also, various decorative elements are often performed on this part.
Strup is metal loops that serve as a support feet, and also with their help the rider can sit in the saddle. Belts serve to fix the saddle or its parts to the animal body. Some of them propagate the slipping of the gathering, others limit certain movements of the horse (for example, head rise). Points is a special lining (tissue or litter), which is placed under the saddle to protect the horse's skin.
Varieties
Horses are different, like riders, so the options for giving a large number. You can select several basic groups of the saddle. These are military, having a narrow specialization, and sports product types.
- Hunting saddle. This species allows you to go to a smooth back and feel a horse perfectly. It has no point of contact with the withers, so it gives less inconvenience to the animal. The weight of such a saddle on average is about 10 kg.
- Universal walking saddle. Suitable for comfortable relaxing trips, combining signs of saddles for jumping and riding. And it also has a relatively small weight - about 5 kg. In appearance is a classic design. This type of saddle is perfect for both beginner riders.
- The military belongs to: Cossack, cavalry and officer saddle.
Cossack designed in such a way that allows the rider during the battle to get up. For this, additional elements are used. This is a pillow, wings, ladenel or archaek. As well as in this type, the presence of a handle or handle. They serve to hold the rider for them. But maybe there is no.
Cavalry was designed to make a person for a long time to spend on a horse on a trip. The frame is made of durable materials (for example, wood or steel). Such a base allows you to extend the life of the product, correctly distribute the load on the horse's back. Additional advantage is The presence of special fasteners, previously intended for weapons.
The officer or Warsaw construction is now most often used during parades, in horse police, during long-term transitions, runs, field exercises.
It is equipped Additional locks for weapons and other things. The design itself allows you to evenly distribute the load. It has a middle weight (10-12 kg).
Mongolian saddle has its own characteristics. Thus, for example, when it is made, the sexual activity of the rider is taken into account, his age, position in society and the purpose of the product (everyday or festive). Another detail is the presence of a variety of decorations. It can be patterns, insertion of expensive metals, various color selections.
In addition, there are also the features of the structure. The front onion is slightly above the back. Streaky make big and round. The punches are usually short and wicker, while their buckle does not hide under the saddle, but is directed down to stirme. The product itself is usually put on top of felt or cut of other dense tissue, after which it is fixed with two belts (lug).
There are various technologies that are used in the manufacture of Mongolian saddles.
For example, mosaic bone paintings or filigree enamels, the use of expensive metals on a par with iron and alloys. And special groups of national symbols for decoration are allocated - "welfare", "development is higher and higher" and so on.
Dame (female) saddle was proposed and constructed in the era of the Middle Ages - in the XIV century. This is due to the fact that the outfits of the women of that time did not allow to perform active movements on the horse, and they simply were not placed in an ordinary male saddle. In addition, the male version of the product for the lady was considered inappropriate and even indecent. Therefore, an elegant female saddle was proposed, it assumed a special landing. One leg was put in stirring, and the other was left on Luke the saddle.
Gradually, women's clothing has undergone changes, up to the appearance of pants and trousers. This allowed to use and men's saddle. Therefore, in the XX century, the female design has almost ceased to use. However, in our time, it again "published." They are used on shows and competitions.
Circassian (Kabardian) saddle refers to light type. The main points is that it is quite high and does not lie on the back of the animal. The design relies on the horse only the saddle shelves located in parallel to each other. This allows you to reduce the injury of the animal.
The front onion is narrow and high - it has a rounded upper end and is located at right angles to the saddle itself. The rear wider onion is rejected back and also rounded. Such a saddle can be considered a military, since Circassians used them in their military actions.
Such a design allowed to be easily rotated in the saddle and relatively convenient to shoot.
The Circassian design is equipped with narrow stirrups, in which only the sock of the foot is inserted. They resemble the cups in shape, and on the reverse side they could be accompanied by pieces of mirrors. On top of the main saddle or archaka lay a special cushion made of deer wool.
Double saddle refers to special types.
Recommendations for choosing
Before buying a horse or ride on it, you need to choose it correctly. It is better to cope with a horse breaker who knows his animals well. He can advise a young horse. However, for beginners in equestrian riding It is better to choose a person in the flourishing of forces, that is, aged 8-10 years. Such a horse will know the teams, calmly walk in the harness and, perhaps, even help the new owner.
Of course, first of all it should be a strong and healthy animal, which has a sufficient stock of forces and endurance. Wise horse breeds recommend that beginners.
And the horse should approach the host behavior and character. This is another plus towards choosing a mature individual, because with a young not always easy to cope.
An important factor is the suitable sizes of the horse. He must calmly withstand the weight of the rider. And man is comfortable to sit on it.
The horse's back should not excessively be fed. This means that the weight of the rider is too great for her. And the animal will not be able to go for a long time. In addition, excessive severity can lead to the curvature of the spine of animal and disease.
The horse must be in good physical shape - in the measure of the fastened, the hind legs must be located under the back of the body, but not to write back.
How to slide a horse?
I need to dress on the animal after the horse got used to my owner and successfully learned the basic teams. After that, you can teach the horse to the harness. There is a certain sequence of actions in order to seit a horse.
First of all you need Check the condition of the animal, the skin of the back. For this, palm is carried out on the back with stroking movements. This will help calm the horse, brush the sorts or crumbs. Check the bracket and what position on it is the saddle. If everything is fine, you can proceed to the next steps.
Next laid Valtrap - This is a felt bedding. Although any other soft fabric can be used. Some horse breakers advise the use of gel and fur lining (or fur). This prevents the horse's skin rushed.
Then the rider becomes the right of the mare and sets the saddle, starting down from top to bottom and smoothly dropping it. At the required level, the litters are lowered. Gradually and gently pull up straps, fixing from the first hole. Having reached the desired degree of voltage, the litters are fixed.
Then check the tension and correctness of the belt arrangement. If necessary, paint them. Further lowering the fenders, thereby protecting the wing.
If all actions are fulfilled correctly, then the horse is settled successfully. You can go.
Recommendations for choosing
Before you sit on a horse, It is necessary to check whether it is setted correctly, as it keeps charging, assess the degree of belt tension. If they are free, then the saddle can slip. This leads to the fact that the back of the animal will be climbing and injured. And the rider himself may suffer. The initial trips should be made for short distances and in a calm pace. This will help you get used to each other.
Upon completion of each trip, it is necessary to check the status of the back of the horse after removing the breakdown.
To get into the saddle correctly, you need to perform a specific algorithm.
- The rider becomes the side of the left shoulder of the horse. At the same time, he holds the reins as if she was going to lead her about.
- Then he turns on the right side. At the same time he moves and distributes reins - paints and pulls them.
- Left hand put on the neck, capturing the harness and strand of the mane. Right hand take stirring, then unfold it to himself with outer sidelines.
- The left foot put in the elder, the right hand hold on the back of the back. Then, pushing out the right foot and pulling around in his arms, the rider should rely on the left foot. At the same time, it straightens and pulls out to stupid.
- Right hand you need to move to the front bows. At the same time, the right leg perk over the horse. In parallel, there is a turn of the rider housing. After that, he falls into the saddle.
- I need to put the right leg to stroke. Rely on both feet. After that, take the right pose to travel.
Communication with animals requires certain skills and desires. The horse is a beautiful and noble animal that can serve both for trips and for heavy work. It is important to care and carefully treat your friend.
About how to saddle a horse, look next.