Anyone who was lucky to be the owner of the Border Colli breed dog, the main advantages will be called an off-free mind and intelligence. Together with charm, such qualities make it a real "pearl" among dogs.
History of origin
The most popular version of the appearance of this breed is the crossing of deergallon (dogs, driven deer) on the border of England and Scotland with shepherd dogs of various masters living in the terrain. So there were ancestors of modern representatives of the breed. Special requirements for shepherd breeds were absent, they simply had to be able to distill livestock. Best of all, the dogs of medium sized and medium-sized physique were cope with this. Such dogs were best shown as reliability and tirelessness.
In breeding, only those dogs that demonstrated excellent qualities participated. The desired type of breed has become a part with an average size, strong, deft, energetic. The blood of such breeds such as a bearded collie, Polish low-headed shepherd, Griahound was mixed with this breed. For the first time about the ancestors of modern Border Collie mentioned at the end of the XVI century.
1894 - a significant for the breed, because not being recognized by the world community, Border Collie bypassed competitors at competitions, having received the title "The Best Shepherd Dog of Great Britain" . However, this did not bring the breed into the leaders, leaving in the shade. The official recognition of the world Border Collie received only in 1976. As soon as the breed was recognized, its representatives became real stars - they began to love them, start in many families. Workability, intelligence, charm and devotion - these are the characteristics that made these dogs with such popular and beloved among breeders around the world.
The love of breed at the Scots was so great that on the lake Tekapo in New Zealand, the monument to this dog was erected in the New Zealand. It happened in 1968 in memory of the help that animals had migrating the Scottish shepherds in their activities on the sheep grain.
In Scotland, too, there is a similar monument, it is installed in 1896. This is a monument to Flora McDonald, who saved Prince Charles from the persecution of enemies. Flora is depicted accompanied by a border colli breed.
Features of dogs
Standard of rocks adopted on June 24, 1987. The description of the breed necessarily includes a mention of a expressive and smart look.
Representatives of the Border Collie reached 54 cm in height, and in weight - 20-21 kg. The life expectancy of pieces is about 16 years. They are very elegant and proportionally folded with a relatively small growth.
The properties of the breed are:
- head having an extended shape;
- The nose was painted black, gray or brown, depending on the color of the dog;
- The eyes of small, oval shape, with karai iris, marble border collie possess bright color of the iris;
- The ears of the triangle, the size of their small, is widely placed, are in a standing position;
- Palloon with a scissor bite and with small pure and white teeth;
- Black pigment lips, they adjacent to the jaw;
- medium length neck with good muscles development;
- Paws are long and slender;
- the body is a muscular, elongated shape with a wide sternum, convex barrel ribs;
- Sablevoid tail, it is thick and long wool on it, when moving is spinning, hanging in the rack.
Movement Border Collie is light and graceful. During rapid run, it seems that her paws do not touch the Earth, and she soars.
The breed has two varieties - long-haired and short-haired, which is sometimes called smooth-haired. Two-layer wool is wool and undercoat. The wool is thick and somewhat rigid, and the undercoat is soft and silky. In long-haired dogs, fur coats are fluffy, and the tail reminds Lysis.
The colors of the representatives of the breed standard are allowed different. One rule is constantly - the white shade should not be dominant. Color options Several:
- black;
- black with a tan;
- Brown;
- brown with a sang (red);
- The marble (the only color in which the tricolor is possible) - can occur in the blue colors, the eyes of the marble border collie are of different colors or blue.
The muzzle can be completely white, also spots can be located in the collar region or sternum, paw or tail. There are dark splasions on white spots.
Character and behavior
Border Collie possess a rather complex character. They are not packed and not a fuss, but because of their high intellectual abilities, they are unusually slyers. This may greatly make an educational process. These dogs have the ability to scan the owner, to look for weaknesses in it and use them not to do what they do not want. If the owner does not succumb to the provocation of his PSA, then after some time it will cease to provoke it, since, due to his understanding, it will understand that such focuses do not work.
Otherwise, the character Border Collie is wonderful. They are very inquisitive, so they love to accompany the owner anywhere. Together with the curiosity, they are unobtrusive, try to keep at a distance from the owner, if he is not in the spirit. The dog will always wait when the owner himself will call him to chat. We can not call them adhered.
While finding a house among family members, the dog is watching each of them. The observation of them in the blood - because of the time of centuries they were outstanding shepherds. In some cases, breed representatives can attempt to organize or approve the "young" in the family or other pets, but the aggression does not show. With children they are kind, playful.
For a walk, these dogs behave exemplary - do not stick to other dogs, do not fight, do not bother. They love to play and run, they need many daily walks. If they are not "eaten" on the street and do not look soil, they will play and run at home, and it can lead to a mess.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any other breed, Border Collie has virtues and disadvantages.
The pros will be attributed to:
- High intelligence of the mind, they are developed intuition, catching the nuances of the host mood;
- Excellent learning - Border Collie memorizes teams often from the first time, it easily understands not only them, but also the intrusion of the conversation;
- sharp mind;
- unobtrusion;
- The breed is quiet, does not have habit of barking for no reason, while sociable and very social - she wants to communicate with people and with other dogs;
- hardworking;
- The contrary character, which makes the training rapid and makes it possible to prepare a pet to participate in exhibitions and competitions.
Of the minuses or, rather, the difficulties with the breed can be noted the following:
- Pet will take at least 4 hours every day for intensive walks with games and teams;
- It is very smart and active dog;
- not suitable for slow and calm people, as it needs a constant interaction with the owner;
- is not an ideal companion;
- She has no guard qualities;
- The puppy is tempted to go to the toilet outside the house and in principle matures long, while remaining in the baby's soul;
- the need for permanent dog care;
- Genetic predisposition to epilepsy, deafness, anomalies of view and eye, hip dysplasia.
How to choose a puppy?
Border Collie is little similar to its thoroughbred tribesmen, which is why their acquisition should be carried out only in nurseries with a good reputation. If you do not take into account the breed standard or not to know about its requirements, you can buy a dog with a marriage or defect, and in the worst case - noble. No one claims that the dock is worse than the pioneer, but buying it for the cost of pioneering is completely undesirable.
The breeder must provide the new owner all the documents on the puppy - pedigree, information about the absence of genetic diseases, on request - data on parents, including their health. If the puppy has been made vaccinated, this information must also be provided.
Be sure to look at the puppy before buying, make sure that it is active, energetic, interacts with other puppies, is not aggressive.
Since the socialization of puppies begins until they reach 8 weeks, they should not be to the age of people, not to be aggressive. Socialized puppy should not hump or lying if he was taken on the handles.
Nurseries in Russia are few, so buy a Border Colli puppy in a small town may not work. The price of them is very high, few can afford to buy it painlessly for the family budget. This is due to the fact that Border Collie is considered the smartest dogs in the world.
Publishing a puppy from a private seller can do in 20-25 thousand rubles. Purchase in the nursery will cost much more expensive - from 45 thousand rubles. Puppy who will be able to participate in breeding in the future, stands within 60-70 thousand rubles, and a potential champion with a beautiful pedigree - about 100 thousand.
Representatives of the breed are devotees, good, smart, they will be excellent companions for both single and family. They will become excellent friends for a person leading an active lifestyle, accompanying him on walks in the city and beyond.
Care and content
After setting in the house of the Border Coll puppy, you should take care of its safety. Without reaching the PSA should not have anything that he can spoil, and nothing that could harm him. This is the wires, and small items, and household chemicals, and loosely closed trash can, and cosmetics, and the mass of other things. If the house is a two-story, the puppy should not rise the stairs to independently, because it can damage his skeleton. Chocolate and candy should also not be available, as it is toxic products for a puppy.
If the house has a balcony, you should block the puppy (and adult ps) the possibility of going to it. The temperament of the representative of the rock is such that he can, following its interested blood like a bird or an unknown sound, simply fall out of the window or from the loggia.
Of course, the pet should have its own place to relax and sleep, their own bowl for food and a cup for water.
It is necessary to take care that the dog constantly has access to clean drinking water. It is unacceptable to allow her to sleep along with the owners, she should know his place.
Buying a puppy of this breed should occur taking into account the fact that it will live in a house or apartment. In the conditions of the street, he can not live, only during the daytime in a spacious avoire on the fenced area of the country house. There are no other pleasures in everyday life.
Representatives of long-haired varieties need their luxurious wool to be combed every day with a special brush. Otherwise, the view of the Border Collie will be non-primable. If you are the owner of a show-class pet, which regularly participates in exhibitions and competitions, daily combing necessarily.
Complete needed wet wool, a spacing pulverizer is useful for this. When the pet is intensely lines, the wool must be constantly removed. It will have to scratch it more often.
Bathing dogs more often once a month undesirable.
Of course, vaccinations in accordance with the schedule are necessary, as well as timely processing from ticks and other parasites. This is a list of standard events that the representative of any breed is needed. Claws trimmed with special rounded scissors - simple manicures for this procedure will not fit. After a walk, the paws should be wiped with a wet clean cloth, as well as make an inspection - whether they are scratched, bypass or cuts. In winter, the paws need to be washed and wipe with special zeal, without leaving them traces from poisonous reagents.
Once a week it is necessary to inspect and wipe the ears (in the summer it is necessary to examine more often in order to timely detect parasites). It is also necessary to systematically inspect the eye of the animal.
Nutrition
You can feed dogs and natural, and ready-made food, but only without mixing one with another. Finished feed should refer either to the premium class, or to a super premium.
If you have chosen natural feed, then the PSU will necessarily need beneficial additives - calcium, fish oil, probiotic, oil - flax and olive. They will perfectly support the tone and a good mood of the dog.
The basis of the diet of the dog should be meat, which serves as a source of protein. It will get the required amount of carbohydrates from vegetables and croup, and dairy products will become a source of calcium.
Feeding should be made according to the schedule. It needs to be clearly observed. Border Collie belongs to the number of those breeds that do not refuse food ever, but not always feel hunger.
If the dog has the opportunity to eat at any time, it can lead to problems with both behavior (begging) and weight (obesity).
Putting puppies are produced 3-4 times a day, adult dogs are enough for two meals per day. Puppies are transferred to the two-time nutrition at the achievement of six months. Puppies require more energy for growth and development, and therefore more calories. Maximum calories that adult dogs are required - 1400 kcal But at the same time they should be very active, engage in constant physical work.
If a dry food is chosen for a dog, its dosage should be viewed on the package, but rechecked independently. Not always on packaging manufacturers indicate the real amount of feed, sometimes it is overestimated. This is done because each manufacturer is interested in buying its products in more.
If the owner chose for his pet feeding with natural food, then Meat and sub-products can be given both in boiled form and in cheese, but pre-subjected to their deep freezing, as well as choose all the bones. It concerns both meat and fish - bones should not fall into the organism of the dog, it can be both suppressed and disrupt the digestive process. Vegetables are given in the raw form, but they should be grate to be grate or cut into comfortable slices.
The mandatory element in the diet should be milk and dairy products - cottage cheese, kefir. From the croup you can give rice and buckwheat. Also, Border Collie needs to be fed with chicken eggs - in cheese or boiled form.
From the treats for encouraging the most dog will be delighted with dried liver. For growing individuals are good bones "tasteful," they will help both the proper formation of bite, and prevent the appearance of tartar and gum disease.
Encouraging the dog, you should not get involved in treating, you need to choose a dish that contains a small amount of fats. Sweet giving a dog can not.
When transferring a puppy to adult food, it is important to gradually reduce the amount of protein in the diet, otherwise the muscular frame will be formed too fast, like bone. It provokes improper formation of a skeleton. Phosphorus, calcium and fatty acids omega-3 and -6 are mandatory additions that should be in the diet, but it is important to accurately comply with the dosage. An excessive presence of them in the daily menu is also dangerous as the disadvantage.
Education and training
The error will assume that such a smart and smart animal does not need to raise and train. Otherwise, the joint existence of the owner and the dog will not be equally comfortable for both.
Training of representatives of the breed can bring such a problem: They pretend to be silly and not understanding what the owner wants from them. In fact, this means that the pet is lazy or boring to execute the commands of the owner. He may be scorn, scratch, look aside, "get into my senses", and the most cunning can portray the disease like chromotomoth or weakness. Also, the animal may try to escape from the class. Such actions the owner must stop immediately, otherwise the dog will turn it into a custom.
In order to avoid attacks of tricks at the PSA, training should pass in the form of the game. It is better to consult with professional focus instructors who will tell in detail how to do with the dog so that she was not bored.
Education begins from the moment the puppy appears in the family. Since the puppies of this breed are terribly curious, they will go everywhere, nibble things, including master. It should be immediately given to understand him that it is wrong that it is impossible. But the puppy should have their own toys - rodents, squeakers, other things with which he can play. No need to buy the first or cheapest items - you should pay the time to choose, because it depends not only to the development of the dog, but also the formation of its gums, jaws, bones. Toys should be quite a lot so that the pet is not bored.
If a puppy or adult dog has done something, you need to strictly take a look at it and express your discontent with voice, words, intonation. Maximum, which can be allowed - to slap with a folded sheet of paper. Other violence to the dog can not be applied.
Ownership reviews
Each owner of the representative of this breed marks an amazing intelligence, the intelligence and excellent learningability of his pet. Also called a dog friendly. By virtue of centuries-old activities in the protection of the herd of Border Collie, attempts to collect the company, resting in nature, together, lightly biting those who go far behind the heels.
As already noted, the walk should be intense, and this is not just running back and forth to exhaustion, but the games with meaning - with a frisbee plate, with the execution of commands. Daily load should be mental, and physical. Otherwise, Border Collie is capable of harming an apartment or a house in which he lives.
Another negative feature of the breed is that it can leave the owner for the sake of any person who will deal with her work.
All about the breed of dogs Border Collie, see the next video.