Once a man has tamed a wild dog so that she guarded the dwelling and helped on the hunt. There were centuries, and the function of the best friend has practically not changed, moreover, its spectrum of activity has significantly expanded, many service breeds were derived.
Since ancient times, housing conditions have undergone a number of major changes, a person's lifestyle has changed. Many impresses the mind and equilibrium of service dogs. However, not everyone is aware that They require special appeal.
Therefore, before choosing a pet, it is worth paying attention to the nuances in the content and upbringing of these domestic animals.
Features and destination
The overwhelming majority of dog breeds are large, powerful dogs whose force can be applied in absolutely any field of activity. For example, the dogs of the guard guard are guarded by important industrial and railway facilities, warehouses, bridges, houses and apartments. These are bold, evil and incredulous to foreign dogs with a good hearing and excellent sense of smell.
The ideal guards are the shepherds, Rottweilelers, Moscow guard and Erdelteriers.
Similar breeds are used in military service, With their help, investigative activities are carried out. Ircky dogs serve at the border, help to fight crime, guard state property. For border pieces peculiar Incredibly acute smell, which allows not only to detect, but also distinguish more than two thousand odors.
Watch dogs Patrolays the territory, searches the locality for illegal penetration into the territory of people or assessed foreign objects. These dogs also work in explosives, arms or drugs. Without them, no inspection at the station, at the airport or at customs.
Dogs with a calm character, equalized by the nervous system and sharp small, found use for search and rescue operations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. As a rule, these are strong, hardy animals like Senbernar, Newfoundland, French or German Shepherd, Collie or Nenets Like.
Husks and husky have similar characteristics, which will involve as driving dogs, because they have to transport people or cargo in snow and ice over long distances. On average, they overcome the distance of 70-80 km - and this is just a day.
As a distinguishing feature, their unpretentiousness can be called and feeding.
For dogs, shepherd breeds are characterized by congenital hatred for wolves and excellent watchdogs. These dogs independently protect pastures from predators and do not give cows, goats or sheep to fight off herd. If the animal is lost, the dog independently spares it and will arrive back.
In a separate category allocate Hunting dogs - greyhounds, legs, hounds, legal and spaniels. For hunting for normal animals, terriers and dachshunds are used. For each hunter, a sharp flair, courage, endurance and power are characteristic. Well, hunting skills are formed in the process of long-term training.
If the owner is not going to teach a pet a certain profession, but he wants to have a service dog as a defender and a friend, he should pay attention Training. The dog should know Major teams and unbreakably obey their owner.
Varieties
Before you choose a friend, it is worth learn more about the varieties and features of the character of specific breeds. Let's notify immediately: it will not be a list of service dogs, but the description of the names of the most common breeds.
Large dogs
The most popular of this category - German, Eastern European, Caucasian, Carsky, Belgian, Scottish, French or White Swiss Shepherds. These dogs are the best in any field of activity.
They serve on the border, find explosives and narcotic substances, work in the police and at customs, guard warehouses, take part in search and rescue work.
By nature, these are active cheerful dogs that do not like to sit without a case.
If you have to leave a pet one for a long time, an occupation should be found for him. It is best to entrust him to guard the bags, a sofa or laptop. The animal will not be bored, and on the arrival of the accessory, furniture or equipment will be in excellent condition.
Shepherds are easy to get along with other pets, especially if they grew up with them. They become nannies for young children and willingly take part in the games. Properly educated dog will never show aggression, but they do not like other people's people. Therefore, shepherd may not be too hospitable to meet the guests who came.
Similar features of character possess Kane Corso and English Bullmasastiffs - The largest representatives of official dogs. They look awesome, but in the hands of the host these are obedient animals, good friends for games and reliable defenders.
Phlegmatic Senbernara and calm Newfoundland are kind, intelligent, fearless and infinitely devoted to their owner of the dogs. They are completely unusual for aggression, so they will not be good guards and wigs. However, their colorful appearance by itself scares hooligans and robbers.
Thanks to good nature, rescuers are easy to get along with children of any age, you willingly look after them and take part in the games. These dogs have a sense of self-esteem, they will not be attracted to themselves indecentity. But if there is no owners nearby, the dogs will greatly raise.
The only drawback of Newf and Senbernar is long wool that requires careful daily care. The dog must be combed every day, and after each walk to brush the brush to remove the street dust and dirt. Only then these long-haired handsome hands will have a presentable appearance.
The content of large dogs in the conditions of the urban apartment is very difficult. Better they feel in a country house. If there is no one, it is worth paying attention to medium-sized service dogs.
Middle Dogs
It belongs to them German boxer with an equalized nervous system and cheerful character. Boxers love to play and fool, while they are distinguished by great strength and endurance. They are easy to get along with all households, Become good friends for young children and reliable guides for people with disabilities.
Boxers are fearless, but strangers are suspicious. They poorly endure separation with the owner, they are hard to stay alone. With proper upbringing, they are very calm at home, but on the street they can do other four-legged. Therefore, the boxer needs from puppy age to teach to communicate with themselves like.
Dobermans and Rottweilelers have similar traits. Energetic, decisive and vigilant dogs are devoted to their owner, unfortunately include incredulously and guests are not brought. They are glad to society of children and jealous alone.
Another popular breed is considered American Pit Bullherier Despite the disgusting reputation of the killer dog, which the media has created. After all, these muscular monsters have a playful character, they love the society of children and often become careless nanny for them.
With proper education, Pitbul does not exhibit aggression to people and is easy to get along with other pets. However, this applies only to those pets who live on one territory with him. Selfiece dogs and street cats Pitbulterier does not complain, so it is better to walk it in a muzzle and on a leash.
Small breeds of dogs
If housing conditions do not allow you to start big dogs, it is worth seeing to a small service ps. These include Dachshunds, focister, spaniel or miniature schnauzers. They become Excellent companions, sincerely tied to the owner, willingly play with young children, and if necessary, boldly rush to protect them.
Little service dogs are wonderful guards and guard. That is why they can not be made as indoor dogs - they need to raise them as a serious big dog. Only then will it turn out to grow an adequate calm animal.
Terms of detention and care
Regardless of the selected breed, the content of service dogs requires certain nuances.
- First of all, the pets can not be fixed in the close rooms of the urban apartment. Long-term gatherings in a closed space have a negative impact on a dog psyche, so all the doors of the dwelling should be opened for them.
- This animal requires serious physical exertion with long walks and active games. The duration of the walk should be at least one and a half hours twice a day, and any route must run through the platform on which the dog can calmly run without a leash.
- Dogs should be busy, even when the owner is missing. Therefore, you do not need to save on toys. It is better to make several sets - for home, for street games and for training. Even walks should be informative and include learning a new trick or team.
- Despite his seriousness, official dogs are sincerely tied to their owner and poorly carry loneliness. Inbotations do not forgive - begin to shit and keep to attract attention.
- It is easy to care for them: it's enough to regularly clean your ears and teeth. In order for the dog's wool to look healthy, you need to compose the dogs with a brush (for long-haired rocks it is also worth buying a push). You need to bathe a dog more than once every two months, and after walking it must be woven with a wet terry towel.
- Each breed has a tendency to certain diseases. In the conditions of the city, hypodynamics and obesity becomes the most frequent problem. The attentive owner must consult in a timely manner with a veterinarian, and as a prevention, you need to provide a pet an active lifestyle and pick up a balanced diet for it.
Feeding
The diet is mentioned in no coincidence, because with proper feeding the dog does not gain weight, they do not break the appetite. They feel good, they look great and actively turn on in games.
To support the cheerfulness of the pet, should be observed Certain power mode. For example, puppies are fed at least 6 times, the teen young man - 4-5 times a day at equal intervals. In the period of mating, the sorts and lactation of the bitches are fed 3-4 times a day.
Adult psam give food 1-2 times a day. If the service dog works according to a certain specialty, it needs to be fed in the morning and in the evening: two hours before work and an hour after its end.
Can be used as feed how Finished commercial meals and ordinary home food. In the latter case, the owner will have to independently balance the diet of his pet, supplement it with vitamins and microelements.
Education and training
From the first months of the life of a small puppy teach to accommodation in the family. The dog should understand that he ranks last in this flock and even the youngest child is more good than him. Make it easy: It is enough to strictly stop all attempts to grow up or growl on the owners and their children.
Also, you should not encourage games with biting hands and feet: Puppies Near the puppies, but a hefty dog trying to play with the limb, the joy will not cause. You should not unwind a dog with a loud cry or irritable tone. A light click on the nose will give to understand the surrounding pet that the owner is dissatisfied with his behavior.
And you can not wait until your favorite leaves the shores, and send it to the energy in the peaceful direction, starting to study the basics of initial training.
- From the first month of life, the PSA teach to cleanliness . To do this, put the tray, lay the diapers or put the newspaper and include a puppy there immediately after waking up, after an active game and 15-20 minutes after meals. When quarantine end, the dog is removed to the street in the same time frame.
- From one and a half months, the puppy is involved in response to their name. As a rule, the dog remembers the nickname, if the owner calls him to feed it.
- From two months, the puppy is trained to walk on a trainer or on a leash and the teams of the so-called general training : "Place", "nearby", "sit", "lie", "to me", "Fu", "Aport".
All listed actions help grow an adequate managed dog. If it is planned to train it on a specific specialty, you will have to turn to the help of a film. The specialist will apply certain methods for learning official dogs.
In particular, this ability is not to be afraid of shots and bright light outbreaks, walking along the boom and the ability to overcome obstacles.
Future dogs teach find things by smell . At first it can be a favorite toy, then - any object with the smell of drugs or chemicals. Squeeks teach to find money, weapons and ammunition. Today they are taught even searching for memory cards and hard drives. Dogs are specifically spacing so that when the prohibited object or substance is detected, they sat down or served a voice.
Rescuers are taught safe moving on complex areas. These dogs are not afraid of fire, no smoke, no gas smell. They are taught to seek people both under the rubble and under water. Together with the dog, its conductor owner in parallel gets the first medical care skill, learns to navigate the terrain in all weather conditions using a compass and card. To confirm the qualifications, he reserves an annual exam.
Special cynological methods are used to teach guide dogs. These dogs teach to stop in all objects, which are a danger to the visually impaired person. These are steps, stairs, fences, concrete limiters, low tree branches, etc. The dog continues to move only when a person filed a team.
Guate should not be distracted on other dogs, cats and random passers-by. These dogs should not scare lively street movement and sharp unexpected sounds. And they are taught to memorize the routes of the owner: shop, clinic, work, etc. At the same time, the dogs are not guards - after all, the watchdog dog will not let me in the owner of foreign people when helping will need.
Training with the participation of a specialist involves the mandatory performance of homework. Only so, combined efforts, grow smart, bold and selfless dogs.
Suitable clicks
Dog nicks should be short, harmonious, fit the dimensions and appearance of the pet. Agree, it is funny to give spanieel and a dachshund named Alpha or Vityaz, and a shepherd and Senbernar called a bagel or a bow.
A number of specialists believe that The name to a certain extent affects the nature of the younger defender and a friend. If in the nickname there are letters P or F, the dog grows bold, decisive and independent - excellent features for the future icing, security guard or guard. Such pets will suit the thunder, Graf, Ray, Alpha, Akbar, Gerda, Gera, Daphne.
If you plan to raise in a dog friendliness, stacking and affectionateness, for it, it is worth picking nicknames with letters L, M, N. For example, Mason, Volt, Antey, Axel, Amigo, Umka, Chingiz - for boys, Alma, Find, Dana, Nick, Silva, Yaika - for girls.
Dogs do not recommend calling dogs with human names to avoid offend and unpleasant misunderstandings. Also, the dog nickname should not be consonant with basic teams, otherwise there will be difficulties with training.
Otherwise, the selection of the nickname remains completely behind the owner and members of his family. It is only necessary to carefully look at your four-legged friend and take the case with a positive attitude.
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