For a beginner who first selects the inhabitants for his aquarium, it is important that his favorites live as long as possible. By inexperience, you can break through the external beauty and purchase an instance that will live from the strength of 1.5 years. In order for the choice to be conscious, it is worth getting acquainted with the types of aquarium fish and learn about the features of their content.
How to determine the age of aquarium fish?
Immediately before buying, you should make sure that young fish swim in the pet aquarium. It turns out this simply: the young man is actively moving, he has a brilliant scales, eyes are clean without clouds.
Old or sick fish are either sedimed, or lie at the bottom of the aquarium. However, certain types of aging signs are manifested shortly before death. For example, thorns are discolored, separate scales fall out from barbuses, Macoopodes are depicted fins.
Then you should pay attention to the color. As a rule, fry is more pale compared to a bright saturated color of adults. For example, the color of the color is formed during the first months of life and at the age of six months the fish has a beautiful color.
Flinks of goldfish are distinguished by greenish-bronze color, they have a rounded tail fin. Young catches are sold without characteristic assholes on the muzzle - they appear in males after a year.
Young individuals are much smaller than adult representatives of the underwater world. It is important to ask the seller about the conditions in which the fish contained. After all, a small amount may indicate the poor conditions of the detention of fish and the lack of feed.
Life expectancy of different breeds
At home, aquarium fish can live from a year to 15 years. It often depends on the size of a particular type: small fish live less, larger species have greater vitality.
The average life expectancy can only be calculated for a specific type. To do this, you will not need to tedious compilation of special tables - it is enough to summarize the available data.
For example, tetra, neon and Lyalius can live from 4 to 6 years. The remaining miniature species like Guppies, Rajdow, Peclies, Mollyonsia, Klinobyuha and Zetradon live no more than 5 years.
The life term of the larger Piranha, Paku, Cardinal, Sturizoma and Akula Balu is up to 10 years. McOuropod dies at the age of 7, glass som - in 8 and bind ordinary - at 9 years old.
A similar top plank at the front view, cichlagos, black Morulis, Battleships, Plekostol and Barbus. A peculiar long-liver is the north - with proper care and ideal conditions, this fish lives up to 18 years.
It is not necessary to care about the departure, because without compliance with the rules of the detention of the fish will not please their beauty and smoothness of movements. Therefore, a novice aquarist should be familiar with the conditions that he has to create for future pets.
What factors affect the length of existence?
The length of fish life expects a significant influence. The males live a lot longer than the females (especially in the vigorous breeds). Females are often dying from the exhaustion of the body during pregnancy or after unsuccessful spawning. The lifespan difference for any type is approximately 1-2 years.
In addition to sexual differences, specialists allocate a number of factors affecting the longevity of aquarium fish. Beginner aquarists should familiarize themselves with them in more detail.
Water temperature and condition
An important condition is the water temperature in the aquarium. Some species are sensitive to the slightest temperature fluctuations. Even a deviation of 1-2 degrees can lead to the disease and death of the pet.
Own thermoregulation in the fish is completely absent, therefore, the exchange processes in their body are directly related to the water temperature - The higher its temperature, the more they have the rate of metabolism.
It has long been noticed that the heat-made breeds live less than their congratulations who prefer more cool conditions. It is such long-livers that are all varieties of gold fish. At the same time, experienced breeders note that in addition to love for cold water, these breeds differ in peace-loving character, which makes them good neighbors.
Another important factor is the condition of water. The fluid must comply with the requirements of a specific type, so before purchase it is worth ensuring that only heat or cold-minded species will settle in the aquarium.
The preferences of the selected breed to the acidity and rigidity of water should be taken, as well as observe the temperature conditions. For example, discus and scalaries require that the water temperature is at least 25-31 degrees, acidity - 5.5-6.5 pH and rigidity - 1-4 day.
For novelty fish, water acidity should be 7-8.5 pp with stiffness 15-25 and a temperature of 23-28 degrees. For the labyrinth, these indicators are 6.5-6.7, 5-10, 23-28, respectively.
The rigidity and acidity of water are determined using special tests, the temperature is monitored using a thermometer. Aquarium fish easily adapt to the proposed conditions, however, most of the species require water moderate stiffness. A Such rocks like Barbus, Cockerels and Neons are suitable only soft water..
Among other things, the aquarium needs regular cleaning, since dirty water is toxic, there are developing bacteria in it, which destructively affect the state of fish. Therefore, the compressor and filter for water purification must be binding aquarium attributes. And once a week, a third of the main volume should be replaced with pure stretched water.
Proper neighborhood
Properly chosen rocks have a significant impact on the life expectancy of the inhabitants of the aquarium. For example, aggressive cocks are well getting along with phlegmatic catches and calm tetra, macroganatus, cules, swords.
All kinds of goldfish are well rolled together, but small representatives of the aquarium fauna are better not to run to them. Goldfish are omnivores, are in constant search for feed and can eat their neighbors. The neighborhood with a cockatum or corridor is allowed.
Together with small guppies, bats, neons, as well as blue, white, diamond, green-brave and lemon tetras will be seized. Good neighbors for Barbuses will be the swords, Danio-Roerio, Battle and Goura.
Carnivorous cichlids do not differ in hospitality, but they get well in one aquarium with catches, bortations and gums (especially if they rose together). With piranhami, cichlids of black-haired, astronotuses, discs, myuces, chemichromis are red.
Two types of cychlasoma - meka and north will also be suitable for these predators. Any other species will be perceived by these dangerous beauties as mining, so do not experiment with subsidence.
Experienced breeders say that little to choose compatible fish breeds. It is necessary to provide its pets to the shelter in the form of grottoes or densely planted algae, in which they can hide and relax.
It is important to avoid overpopulation of the aquarium - if there will be several large stacks in a small container, the fish will constantly experience stress, and their life will be significantly reduced.
Diet
In the pet store you can choose the finished feed for a specific breed of aquarium fish. Some feed enhance natural color, others contribute to improving immunity. There are separate products for predators and herbivorous fish.
Universal options for carnivorous and omnivorous rocks are sold. It is possible to purchase food for fry and crustaceans. All feeds are created on the basis of natural ingredients, do not provoke the growth of algae in the aquarium and contribute to the rapid saturation of fish.
However, the finished feed is very calories, so fish can not be overocating. Otherwise, some species dying, others suffer obesity. Even if the behavior of fish does not foreshadow trouble, it is worth paying attention to the state of the aquatic environment.
In the case of the ripper, water after replacement quickly flies, algae and the walls of the container are covered with a slippery flare. A film is formed on the surface of the water, and the liquid is unpleasantly smelling rot.
In order to avoid trouble, it is necessary to make a certain schedule for feeding and strictly follow it. If there are small children in the family, you need to explain to them that fish are fed only in strictly defined clocks.
Ideally, the feed feed must be eaten in minutes. If this does not happen, you should reconsider the power of the aquarium fish. Indeed, at each stage of development, each individual appears their requirements for reception.
These recommendations may seem very troubles down, but in fact, only the responsible attitude towards its future pets is required from the novice aquarist. After all, each owner of the aquarium wants to be proud of its ability to grow and contain beautiful bright fish.
How to extend your life?
Fish will live longer if the owner will accurately perform simple rules for the care of them. In particular, they concern regular cleaning of the aquarium, the timely cleaning of feed residues and observance of the feeding schedule.
Purchase fish requires timely treatment. To prevent the epidemic, patients with individuals should be isolated from the aquarium and treat in a separate container. So that pets can hide and relax, algae algae in aquarium.
It is important to avoid overpopulation, otherwise the fish will be in constant stress. Many options for calculating the number of fish are considered controversial, so specialists are recommended to proceed from litter of the capacity and size of the fish itself.
For example, fish up to 4 cm like a cardinal, guppy, a form or neon will look good in aquarium from 10 liters with a landing density 1 liter per person. For 6-centimeter peciables, terektnia, hossemia, trivostoms, minor and bombus suitable capacity of 20 liters. Landing density is 1.5 liters per part.
Middle Mareza, Molling, Apistogram, Cross, Black Barbus, should be placed in an aquarium in 150 liters at the rate of 3-10 liters of water per fish. For larger gold fish, scalaria and Danio Malabarsk, the capacity of 200 liters is suitable. There are no specific rules for the number of fish, it is important to take into account the nature of the individual itself.
A large fish like cichlamps, astronotuses and acaras will suit a volume of 250 liters (for a pair) or 500 for a pack. Special conditions require discus - they need a 200 liter aquarium at the rate of 50 liters per person.
The only fish overpopulation is beneficial to the Malawi cichlids - dense population makes them less aggressive. Don fish in total do not take into account. If the litter allows you to settle several catches and battles to aquarium. In one container, up to 5 commercial Somov and one Som suction cup are loose freely.
All the above rules and recommendations will help a novice aquarium to create its own underwater world and extend the life of its inhabitants.
Tips for novice aquarists, see the following video.