Toilet bowl is a domestic appliance used to utilize household waste and human activity products through sewage systems. It is installed in residential, technical and public premises.
It is a domestic plumbing device of increased biological danger, Since its use is associated with the reproduction of a large number of pathogenic microbes and bacteria.
To ensure the best operating conditions of the device, appropriate GOSTS and SNIVA were developed. Among the prescribed parameters are values indicating the distance from the toilet to the wall and other interior items.
Peculiarities
The installation of the toilet is a process associated with some list of features. To achieve the best operating conditions, they must be taken into account in the complex. A list of technical requirements that must be observed may vary depending on the characteristics and purpose of the room in which the plumbing device will be put.
Multi-storey residential buildings are erected according to typical projects and have similar parameters. Sanitary nodes in apartment buildings are located along the vertical axis (riser) of communications: water supply, sewage and heating (in some cases).
Design features of typical buildings do not allow to have a toilet in an arbitrary location. The point of its installation is tied to a specific area of the room. It must be at the most closely distance from the vertical sewer riser.
The transfer of the bathroom to another place (remote from the project approved) may entail an emergence of unexpected failures in the work of the building system. This transfer is prohibited by law.
The projects of multi-storey houses are divided into 2 types:
- with combined bathroom;
- C separate bathroom.
In the first case, the toilet is located on the same area with a bathroom, shower. In the second - it is located in a separate room. In both cases To the location of the toilet, the parameters of the distance to the surrounding items and walls installed by the gtales are applied.
Approved norms
The need to observe the distance is due to the characteristic operating conditions of the toilet. Since it with its help, household waste and livelihood products are disposed of, there is a large number of microbes and bacteria on its surface and multiplies.
Their presence and uncontrolled reproduction in the residential premises can lead to the spread of bacterial infections and the person in the human body of pathogens.
To reduce the risks of distribution of diseases and exclude a person's infection, the toilet must be located at a sufficient distance from the surrounding items and walls.
Due to the remoteness of the microbes and bacteria, they cannot fall on them and multiply there. This reduces the likelihood of their mass distribution.
Otherwise, the following situation may be: pathogenic microorganisms spread over the surface of walls and household items. Man, touching the infected areas, exposes itself to the risk of microbes in its body.
At the same time, he does not suspect that the conditionally pure surface is already infected, and will not take Antimicrobial protection measures: Wash hands, process them with specialist and so on.
Even in Soviet laboratories, the parameters of the distance from the walls and other items to the toilet were identified, which would avoid the spread of harmful microbes and bacteria. All apartment buildings built before the 1990th year are raised taking into account these parameters. Until now, these standards remain relevant and used in the construction of high-rise buildings.
Even in a separate bathroom, if there is a small space, there is a distance:
- from the center of the toilet to the side wall;
- from the edge of the toilet to the side wall;
- from the center to the front wall or door;
- from the front edge to the door or front wall opposite;
- From the rear wall of the drain tank to the back of the room.
This length is expressed by an experimental way and is not accidental.
In addition to the hygienic factor, When the disposal is located in the room, the degree of convenience of its operation is taken into account. To make it convenient to use people of different ages, growth, weight, physique, as well as children, it is located on some distance from the walls and surrounding items.
This allows you to feel comfortable while using the toilet to the appointment and in other domestic needs. For example, the optimal retreat on the side of the wall allows cleaning around the support of the toilet bowl, and also keep the walls in the purity of the walls in close proximity to it.
The convenience and ease of performing disinfection manipulations is a key factor.
Distance Parameters:
- 50-53 cm - the minimum distance from the front edge to the front wall or door;
- 70-76 cm - the maximum distance from the front edge to the front wall or door (average value);
- 38-43 cm - The minimum distance from the center of the toilet to the side wall.
The distance between the device and the inlets of the riser is determined by the technical characteristics of the room.
It is recommended to place the toilet as close to the drain point.
At the same time, the distance is measured not from the center of the device, but from its output termination. Its overly close location to the nodal point of the main riser may make it difficult to connect the toilet to the central sewer.
Exceptions from rules
Of the norms that determine the optimal point of the laying of the toilet, there are exceptions. The presence is determined by the technical characteristics of the room.
In buildings, erected not by typical projects (private houses, shops, cafes and others), the norms of the sanitary node may not be observed.
The reason for this can be: Failure of free square, the location of communications or the personal desire of the owner.
The violation of the technical regulations for the location of the toilet is not a violation of the provisions of any law if this sanitary point is located in a non-state institution or outside the object of special purpose: hospitals, kindergarten, school, military unit and the like. The owner of the premises of Wave itself to determine the location of the bathroom.
Recommendations
There are factors for which it is necessary to observe the norms of the layout of the toilet even in the premises of non-standard type. Among the main reasons can be noted as follows:
- Standardized form parameters and size of household items, which are installed in the bathroom or near the toilet (if combined);
- the presence of optimal variants of the location of the nodal compounds of the sewer plum;
- fixed sizes and shape of plumbing components;
- Features of the technology of installation of the toilet.
Household items that may be near toilet (sink, sink with a table, washing machine, drying machine and others) are manufactured according to a single spectrum of standards. The overall parameters of the toilet bowls also correspond to them. It means that Failure to comply with guests that determine the distance for installation can determine the violation of the convenience of operation within the use of all household integrated items.
Regardless of the characteristics of the room, there are norms that determine the best result of the operation of the toilet. It has an angle of inclination, under which it is drained and its inlet socket. Even if the room is not performed by a typical project, the value of this slope remains unchanged.
For his observance It is necessary to arrange the toilet at the optimal distance from the input termination of the sewage. Too close location will make it difficult to wash. The location on too much distance can lead to the subsequent deflection of the corrugated connecting element. As a result, under the action of deformation, leaks may appear in the area of corrugations and patterns.
Plumbing components are manufactured according to uniform standards.
This fact should be considered when choosing the location of the toilet. Wrong selection of the distance can lead to the impossibility of using some sanitary nodes. For example, too close to find the body to the locking valve may prevent the work of its lever, which will lead to the impossibility of overlapping water supply.
The toilet is mounted on a vertical support, in which there are 2 or 4 holes under the fasteners. Before installing, you need to mark up these fasteners. To do this, the device is set to the point of its final location. Through the mounting holes on the floor are stamped. If the toilet is located too close to the wall, the markup will be extremely difficult.
For the arrangement of fasteners in the floor, holes are drilled in accordance with the markup. After laying the toilet to place in the holes, fasteners are inserted - bolts or dowel-nails. The screwing of these fasteners will also be difficult if the toilet is located too close to the wall or other interior items.
In the next video, you will learn important nuances that need to be taken into account when installing the toilet.